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6 views

LGCT-Chapter-1-Lesson-6

Uploaded by

lianremediosl
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LOGIC

CHAPTER 1
LESSON 6
THE MATERIAL AND
FORMAL OBJECTS OF
LOGIC
2
MATERIAL OBJECT
The thing or entity which science deals with in
order for the science to achieve its formal object

3
FORMAL OBJECT
The immediate aim of a particular science

4
LOGIC
“seeks to achieve correctness in the process of
thinking (formal object) through mental operation
(materials objects)”

5
MENTAL OPERATIONS (Material Object)
+ Simple Apprehension
+ Judgement

N
SIO

JU
+ Reasoning

DG
EN
MENTAL

EM
EH
OPERATION

EN
PR

T
AP
REASONING

6
SIMPLE APPREHENSION
Refers to the act of the mind as it apprehends or
grasps a particular entity or reality

Enables the mind to know the essence of a


particular thing, entity, or reality

7
JUDGEMENT
The act of the mind through which two ideas are
compared in terms of their relation, whether they
are in agreement or disagreement with each
other, this is called “proposition”

8
REASONING
Act of the mind through which the mind abstracts
(Latin “abstrare” = “”to draw) to infer a specific
judgement tacitly contained in other judgements,
this is called “inference or argument”

9
MENTAL EXPRESSIONS
OPERATIONS LOGICAL ISSUES
PRODUCTS (EXTERNAL SIGN)

APPREHENSION IDEA TERM PREDICTABILITY

JUDGEMENT ENUNCIATION PROPOSITION PREDICATION

REASONING ARGUMENT SYLLOGISM INFERENCE


GENERAL NOTION OF
SIMPLE APPREHENSION

11
consists of grasping the meaning of an idea or operation

BUT, before the idea is understood, ABSTRACTION takes


place.

12
this begins when the intellect ignores or extracts the
accidental differential qualities of a thing, focuses on the
characteristics essential and common to all members of a
class or group. This is called IDEOGENESIS, the intellectual
evolution of concept

13
REALITY – the sum of all existing individual beings whether
material or spiritual
- consists of all real things, actual facts, material
objects

FACULTY – the instinctive and knowing powers of the human


person. These are our 5 basic senses, and
when stimulated, the process of SENSATION
WORKS

14
FACULTY OPERATION PRODUCT

*the faculties may be


impaired to “mirrors MATERIAL
reflecting” or “resenting” OBJECT
media

SENSE
SENSATION
KNOWLEDGE
SENSE SENSE IMAGE

Sense image of an object or a thing as seem, felt, touched,


smelled, or heard is vivid and exact so that its accidental
properties

15
FACULTY OPERATION PRODUCT

INTERNAL SENSE
IMAGINATION
KNOWLEDGE
IMAGINATION PHANTASM

SIMPLE INTELLECTUAL
No material image
APPREHENSION KNOWLEDGE
INTELLECT

Imagination – the process of forming pictures in the material organic faculty of things

Phantasm – “the inner eye”, an indirect and imaginative representation of reality


FACULTY OPERATION PRODUCT

the sound ORAL


SPEECH “TREE” EXPRESSION
LUNGS, CORDS, ETC. ORAL TERMS
“TREE” or
WRITTEN
EXPRESSION
WRITING
Or
HANDS, PEN, ETC. WRITTEN TERM
SIGN

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