INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT , ALIGARH

OPERATING SYSTEM QUESTION BANK UNIT 4

BCA IIND YEAR (3RD SEMESTER)

1. What command is typically used to log into a Unix system?

- A) logon
- B) login
- C) enter
- D) access
Answer: B) login

2. What is the standard prompt for a Unix shell?

- A) >
- B) #
- C) $
- D) :
Answer: C) $

3. Which command is used to log off from a Unix session?

- A) exit
- B) logout
- C) close
- D) end
Answer: B) logout

4. What information is typically required to log in to a Unix system?

- A) Username and password
- B) Email address and password
- C) ID number and PIN
- D) Security question answer
Answer: A) Username and password

5. What happens if you enter an incorrect password?

- A) You are logged in as a guest
- B) You receive an error message and can try again
- C) The system shuts down
 - D) You are locked out for a period
Answer: B) You receive an error message and can try again

6. What does the `man` command do?

- A) Manages files
- B) Displays the manual for a command
- C) Shows system information
- D) Logs user actions
Answer: B) Displays the manual for a command

7. How do you view the man page for the `ls` command?
- A) man ls
- B) help ls
- C) ls -man
- D) view ls
Answer: A) man ls

8. Which command can you use to safely log off?

- A) exit
- B) logout
- C) Both A and B
- D) None of the above
Answer: C) Both A and B

9. What happens when you log off from a Unix session?

- A) Your files are deleted
- B) All running processes are terminated
- C) The system shuts down
- D) You are redirected to another user
Answer: B) All running processes are terminated

10. What is the root directory represented by in Unix?

- A) /
- B) \
- C) ~
- D) .
Answer: A) /
11. Which command lists files in a directory?
- A) ls
- B) dir
- C) list
- D) show
Answer: A) ls

12. What is the maximum length for a file name in Unix?

- A) 255 characters
- B) 512 characters
- C) 1024 characters
- D) No limit
Answer: A) 255 characters

13. Which character is used to separate directories in a file path?

- A) /
- B) \
- C) :
- D) ;
Answer: A) /

14. What command creates a new directory?

- A) newdir
- B) mkdir
- C) createdir
- D) dircreate
Answer: B) mkdir

15. Which command changes the current directory?

- A) cd
- B) chdir
- C) setdir
- D) movedir
Answer: A) cd

16. What does the `df` command display?

 - A) Directory structure
- B) Free disk space
- C) File details
- D) User information
Answer: B) Free disk space

17. Which option can you use with `df` to show the output in human-readable format?
- A) -h
- B) -r
- C) -v
- D) -f
Answer: A) -h

18. What is your home directory typically represented by?

- A) /
- B) ~
- C) ..
- D) .
Answer: B) ~

19. What command will show your current working directory?

- A) pwd
- B) where
- C) currentdir
- D) dir
Answer: A) pwd

20. What is a subdirectory?

- A) A directory at the same level as another
- B) A directory contained within another directory
- C) A temporary directory
- D) A directory that cannot contain files
Answer: B) A directory contained within another directory

21. Which command lists all subdirectories in the current directory?

- A) ls -d */
- B) ls -R
- C) subdirs
 - D) find . -type d
Answer: A) ls -d */

22. How do you specify a file in the current directory?

- A) ./filename
- B) /filename
- C) filename/
- D) ~filename
Answer: A) ./filename

23. What is the command to copy a file to a different directory?

- A) cp
- B) move
- C) copy
- D) transfer
Answer: A) cp

24. Which command changes the permissions of a file?

- A) chmod
- B) chown
- C) perm
- D) access
Answer: A) chmod

25. What does the `chmod 755 filename` command do?

- A) Grants all permissions to owner, read/execute to others
- B) Grants read/write permissions to everyone
- C) Removes all permissions
- D) Grants execute permission only
Answer: A) Grants all permissions to owner, read/execute to others

26. Which command opens the `vi` text editor?

- A) vi filename
- B) edit filename
- C) nano filename
- D) open filename
Answer: A) vi filename
27. What is the command to save changes in `vi`?
- A) :save
- B) :w
- C) :write
- D) :savechanges
Answer: B) :w
28. Which command can redirect output to a file?
- A) >
- B) >>
- C) 2>
- D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

29. What does the `>>` operator do when redirecting output?

- A) Overwrites the file
- B) Appends to the file
- C) Creates a new file
- D) Displays the output on screen
Answer: B) Appends to the file

30. What is a log file?

- A) A file that stores system settings
- B) A file that records events or actions
- C) A file used for temporary storage
- D) A backup file
Answer: B) A file that records events or actions

31. How can you log the output of a command to a file?

- A) command > logfile.txt
- B) command >> logfile.txt
- C) Both A and B
- D) log command to logfile.txt
Answer: C) Both A and B

32. What command is used to compare two files?

- A) diff
- B) compare
- C) check
 - D) match
Answer: A) diff

33. What is the output of the `diff` command?

- A) Shows differences between files
- B) Merges files
- C) Copies files
- D) Deletes files
Answer: A) Shows differences between files

34. Which command searches for a string in a file?

- A) grep
- B) find
- C) search
- D) locate
Answer: A) grep

35. How do you search for the word "error" in `logfile.txt` using `grep`?
- A) grep "error" logfile.txt
- B) search "error" logfile.txt
- C) find "error" logfile.txt
- D) locate "error" logfile.txt
Answer: A) grep "error" logfile.txt

36. What command lists all currently logged-in users?

- A) who
- B) users
- C) list
- D) whoami
Answer: A) who

37. What does the `ps` command display?

- A) Running processes
- B) Disk space
- C) User information
- D) File permissions
Answer: A) Running processes
38. Which command deletes a directory?
- A) rm dir
- B) rmdir
- C) deldir
- D) erase dir
Answer: B) rmdir

39. What does `cd ..` do?

- A) Moves to the home directory
- B) Moves to the parent directory
- C) Changes to the root directory
- D) Lists files in the current directory
Answer: B) Moves to the parent directory

40. What does the `chown` command do?

- A) Changes file ownership
- B) Changes file permissions
- C) Deletes files
- D) Renames files
Answer: A) Changes file ownership

41. What is the purpose of the sticky bit?

- A) Protects files from deletion by non-owners
- B) Grants all permissions to everyone
- C) Changes ownership of files
- D) Encrypts files
Answer: A) Protects files from deletion by non-owners

42. What type of file is indicated by a `-` at the beginning of the permissions string?
- A) Directory
- B) Regular file
- C) Symbolic link
- D) Special file
Answer: B) Regular file

43. What does a `d` at the beginning of the permissions string indicate?
- A) Directory
- B) Regular file
 - C) Special file
- D) Symbolic link
Answer: A) Directory

44. What command removes a file?

- A) del
- B) remove
- C) rm
- D) erase
Answer: C) rm

45. Which option with `rm` will prompt for confirmation before deleting?
- A) -i
- B) -f
- C) -r
- D) -v
Answer: A) -i

46. What command is used to search for files in a directory hierarchy?

- A) search
- B) find
- C) locate
- D) grep
Answer: B) find

47. What command provides information about disk usage?

- A) du
- B) df
- C) disk
- D) usage
Answer: A) du

48. Which command prints the current user's environment variables?

- A) env
- B) set
- C) printenv
- D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
49. What is the purpose of the `PATH` environment variable?
- A) Specifies where to find executable files
- B) Defines user permissions
- C) Sets the default file directory
- D) Stores log files
Answer: A) Specifies where to find executable files

50. What is a shell script?

- A) A program that runs in the shell
- B) A file containing shell commands
- C) Both A and B
- D) A file containing data
Answer: C) Both A and B

51. Which command is used to make a shell script executable?

- A) chmod +x script.sh
- B) run script.sh
- C) execute script.sh
- D) compile script.sh
Answer: A) chmod +x script.sh

52. Which command displays the system date and time?

- A) date
- B) time
- C) datetime
- D) current
Answer: A) date

53. What does the `top` command do?

- A) Displays system uptime
- B) Shows system processes and resource usage
- C) Displays disk usage
- D) Lists users
Answer: B) Shows system processes and resource usage

54. Which command displays network configuration details?

 - A) ifconfig
- B) netstat
- C) ping
- D) traceroute
Answer: A) ifconfig

55. What does the `ping` command do?

- A) Tests network connectivity
- B) Displays network connections
- C) Configures network interfaces
- D) None of the above
Answer: A) Tests network connectivity

56. Which command is used to terminate a process by its PID?

- A) kill
- B) stop
- C) terminate
- D) end
Answer: A) kill

57. What does the `bg` command do?

- A) Brings a background job to the foreground
- B) Runs a job in the background
- C) Displays background processes
- D) Stops a job
Answer: B) Runs a job in the background

58. Which command compresses files using gzip?

- A) zip
- B) gzip
- C) compress
- D) pack
Answer: B) gzip

59. What is the command to extract files from a tarball?

- A) tar -xvf
- B) unzip
- C) extract
 - D) untar
Answer: A) tar -xvf

60. What is the purpose of the `passwd` command?

- A) Changes the user password
- B) Displays user permissions
- C) Logs out a user
- D) Shows password strength
Answer: A) Changes the user password

61. Which command shows the last logins of users?

- A) last
- B) log
- C) who
- D) history
Answer: A) last

62. What does the `*` wildcard represent in a file path?

- A) Any single character
- B) Zero or more characters
- C) A specific character
- D) None of the above
Answer: B) Zero or more characters

63. What does the `?` wildcard represent?

- A) Any single character
- B) Multiple characters
- C) No characters
- D) None of the above
Answer: A) Any single character

64. Which command is used to create a compressed backup of files?

- A) zip
- B) backup
- C) cp
- D) tar
Answer: D) tar
65. What is the purpose of the `rsync` command?
- A) Sync files and directories between locations
- B) Create backups
- C) Compare files
- D) Compress files
Answer: A) Sync files and directories between locations

66. What is a symbolic link?

- A) A direct copy of a file
- B) A reference to another file
- C) A compressed file
- D) A temporary file
Answer: B) A reference to another file

67. Which file type is indicated by `.sh`?

- A) Text file
- B) Shell script
- C) Executable file
- D) Configuration file
Answer: B) Shell script

68. What is a mounted file system?

- A) A system with no files
- B) A file system that is currently accessible
- C) A network file system
- D) A read-only file system
Answer: B) A file system that is currently accessible

69. What command is used to mount a file system?

- A) mount
- B) fsck
- C) bind
- D) link
Answer: A) mount

70. What does the `free` command display?

 - A) Memory usage
- B) CPU load
- C) Disk usage
- D) Network statistics
Answer: A) Memory usage

71. Which command checks the integrity of a file system?

- A) fsck
- B) check
- C) verify
- D) validate
Answer: A) fsck

72. Which command is used to schedule a job to run periodically?

- A) at
- B) cron
- C) schedule
- D) batch
Answer: B) cron

73. What does the `at` command do?

- A) Schedules jobs for a specific time
- B) Lists running jobs
- C) Terminates jobs
- D) Displays system time
Answer: A) Schedules jobs for a specific time

74. Which command connects to a remote server via SSH?

- A) ssh user@hostname
- B) connect user@hostname
- C) remote user@hostname
- D) login user@hostname
Answer: A) ssh user@hostname

75. What does FTP stand for?

- A) File Transfer Protocol
- B) File Transmission Protocol
- C) Fast Transfer Protocol
 - D) File Transfer Process
Answer: A) File Transfer Protocol

76. Which command is used to display the contents of a file?

- A) cat
- B) show
- C) display
- D) read
Answer: A) cat

77. What is the command to view a file page by page?

- A) less
- B) more
- C) view
- D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

78. What does the `r` permission stand for?

- A) Read
- B) Write
- C) Execute
- D) None of the above
Answer: A) Read

79. Which permission is needed to execute a file?

- A) Read
- B) Write
- C) Execute
- D) All of the above
Answer: C) Execute

80. What is the Unix philosophy?

- A) Write programs to handle text streams
- B) Create complex programs
- C) Minimize command-line usage
- D) Avoid scripting
Answer: A) Write programs to handle text streams
81. What is a pipeline in Unix?
- A) A sequence of commands connected by pipes
- B) A method to compress files
- C) A way to copy files
- D) A type of directory
Answer: A) A sequence of commands connected by pipes

82. Which operator connects the output of one command to the input of another?
- A) >
- B) <
- C) |
- D) ;
Answer: C) |

83. What does the `info` command display?

- A) Information about files
- B) User instructions
- C) Documentation for commands
- D) System settings
Answer: C) Documentation for commands

84. What is the purpose of comments in shell scripts?

- A) To improve performance
- B) To explain the code
- C) To prevent code execution
- D) Both B and C
Answer: D) Both B and C

85. Which command is used to add a new user?

- A) useradd
- B) adduser
- C) newuser
- D) Both A and B
Answer: D) Both A and B

86. What command removes a user?

 - A) userdel
- B) removeuser
- C) deluser
- D) Both A and C
Answer: D) Both A and C

87. What does the `chgrp` command do?

- A) Changes the group ownership of a file
- B) Changes file permissions
- C) Removes group access
- D) None of the above
Answer: A) Changes the group ownership of a file

88. Which file typically contains user environment variables?

- A) /etc/profile
- B) ~/.bashrc
- C) /etc/bash.bashrc
- D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

89. What symbol is used to reference a variable in a shell script?

- A) &
- B) $
- C) #
- D) @
Answer: B) $

90. What is the syntax to define a function in a shell script?

- A) function name() { commands }
- B) name() { commands }
- C) Both A and B
- D) func name() { commands }
Answer: C) Both A and B

91. Which command finds files by name?

 - A) locate
- B) find
- C) search
- D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

92. Where are system logs typically stored?

- A) /var/log/
- B) /etc/
- C) /usr/bin/
- D) /home/
Answer: A) /var/log/

93. Which command displays hardware information?

- A) lscpu
- B) lsusb
- C) lspci
- D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

94. What does the `uname` command display?

- A) Kernel version
- B) System architecture
- C) Both A and B
- D) None of the above
Answer: C) Both A and B

95. What command is used to install packages in Debian-based systems?

- A) yum
- B) apt-get
- C) dnf
- D) rpm
Answer: B) apt-get

96. What command shows system uptime?

 - A) uptime
- B) time
- C) sysinfo
- D) status
Answer: A) uptime

97. What does the `vmstat` command do?

- A) Displays virtual memory statistics
- B) Monitors system processes
- C) Shows CPU usage
- D) Displays network statistics
Answer: A) Displays virtual memory statistics

98. Which command shows command history?

- A) history
- B) list
- C) commands
- D) prev
Answer: A) history

99. What command shuts down the system immediately?

- A) shutdown now
- B) halt
- C) poweroff
- D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

100. What is the purpose of the `/etc` directory?

- A) Stores user files
- B) Contains system configuration files
- C) Holds executable binaries
- D) Contains temporary files
Answer: B) Contains system configuration files