STEREOTYPING, PREJUDICE, AND DISCRIMINATION

 PPT
 LECT NI MAAM
 Stereotype pertains to the cognitive
aspects as it pertains to negative and
STEREOTYPE – the positive or negative positive beliefs. Now, this stereotype
beliefs that we hold about the characteristics statements especially if it is negative,
of social groups can lead to prejudices.
Examples:
Filipinos are hospitable. (positive)
Filipinos are lazy. (negative) PREJUDICE – an unjustifiable attitude
Millennials are proactive. (positive) towards and outgroup or toward the members
Old people are boring. (negative) of that outgroup.

 Prejudice can take the form of disliking,

 To stereotype is to generalize. anger, fear, disgust, discomfort, and even
 Stereotype could be a generalization hatred- the kind of affective states that
about a certain group of people. can lead to behavior such as the gay
bashing you just read about.
 To stereotype is to categorize.  When we say prejudices, it could
 They reflect ideas that groups of people include yung kahit wala namang
hold about others who are different from ginagawa yung tao, you actually feel
them. negative about a certain person or
 When we make differentiation with group of people.
other groups, tinitignan natin ano yung  Kumukulo dugo mo pag nakikita mo
commonality sa group na ‘yon. yung tao. Because we already have
 Stereotype is the cognitive aspect that negative belief towards them
because it pertains to belief. that could lead to negative feelings or
 Most stereotypes tend to make us feel negative attitudes towards them.
superior in some way to the person or
group being stereotyped. DISCRIMINATION – unjustified negative
 Kapag nakakarinig tayo ng behaviors toward members of outgroups
stereotypical statements mas based on their group membership.
naeemphasize ang negative than
 When we consider them as a laughing
positive. Mas napapansin ang
stock or reason for jokes. Like in social
negative than positive. (ex: the word
media, we make memes about people
“easy” can imply positive to men but
who have physical disabilities or
negative to women)
mental disabilities and LGBT
members.
 A problem with stereotype arises when
 Workplace bullying – if bullying in
they are overgeneralized or just plain
school does not stop it can be carried
wrong.
over to workplace.
 A stereotype can be embedded in single
word or phrase. STEREOTYPE PREJUDICE DISCRIMNATION
Example: “jologs”, “jejemon”, “nerd” Positive or Negative Negative
negative beliefs attitude behavior
cognitive affective behavioral
  Once these inequalities exist, prejudice
helps justify the economic and social
 These are not the same, but are
superiority of those who have wealth and
interrelated to one another.
power.
 Stereotyping (especially negative) could
 Kaya may mga matapobre, for
lead now to a negative affect (prejudices)
example, their child is inlove with
and with all the feelings that we feel could
someone who is poor, eh ayaw nia
be manifested with our behaviors
ng ganun.
(discrimination).
 People view enemies as sub-human and
COGNITION – stereotyping depersonalize them with labels
 Yun ang thinking natin when it
AFFECT - prejudice and ingroup favoritism comes to people who are inferior
particulary on the economic status
BEHAVIOR - discrimination
that we have.
 It’s very difficult to actually eliminate our
prejudices and discrimination especially if 2. CONFORMITY
that person is resistant to correct  If prejudice is socially accepted, many
information. people will follow the path of lest
 INTELLECTUAL SHAMING – kapag resistance and conform to fashion.
cinocorrect mo sila sasabihin nila “edi  Kapag nakikita ng karamihan,
wow”, “ikaw na matalino” remember the two types of
conformity, kapag na-normative
because we want to be like by
ROOTS OF PREJUDICE
people, we also foloow what
SOCIAL SOURCES OF PREJUDICE others are doing.
 They will act not so much out of a need
1. UNEQUAL STATUS to hate as out of a need to be liked and
 Lagi nating tinitignan ang katayuan accepted.
ng isang tao, even on how they  Thingking ng mga bata na “hindi
dress, talk, walk, and their natin siya bati” dahil sinabi ng isa na
preferences. Through these, nakikita indi niyo sa bati eh indi mo na rin
na natin ag isang katayuan ng isang siya bati.
tao.  We just have to conform or make
 For xample, you are talking to prejudices because we nee to be
someone who is in their business accepted by other group.
suit, iaassume mo na “ay maganda
trabaho neto” kaya nag iiba yung 3. IN-GROUP BIAS
treatment natin sa kanila.  The group definition of who you are –
 English language is considered as a your race, religion gender, academic
basis for intelligence, kaya pag major – implies a definition of who you
during pageant mas binibigyan ng are not.
attention usually ang mga nag  Dito mo makikita na you would
iingles. onsider your in group as “us” that
 Masters views slaves as lazy, would exclude people that are not
irresponsible, lacking ambition – as part of your group which yu wil csall
having those traits that justify slavery. as “them”
 The master and the slaves;  The circle that includes “us” (the in-
group) excludes “them” (the outgroup).
  When you are describing your
group you use “kami or us” 6. STEREOTYPE THREAT
 When we talk about our group it  A self-conforming apprehension that one
is always positive because we will be evaluated based on a negative
want to promote our group which stereotype.
could cause biases. Sa kalaban na  Refers to being at risk of confirming, as
group eh negative tsk tsk. self-characteristic, a negative stereotype
 Thus, a mere experience of being formed about one’s group.
into groups may promote in-group bias. -  Example: prejudices to Black and White
Due to human quest for a positive self- Americans
concept  They have their own negative
stereotypess with each others.
4. SOCIAL IDENTITY People with colors does aways have
 Self-concept – our sense of who we are – something to say with white people
contains not just personal identity (our and vice versa
sense of personal attributes and
attitudes) but also a social identity. 7. SELF-FULFILLING PROPHECY
 Especially those communities or  Negative beliefs predict negative
cultures that are considered to be behavior or problems in life
collectivistic. Especially kung ano ang  Nangyayari sa school, during start of
pag-uugali ng isang pamilya, tht classes, may prediction na siya kung
coukd be a generalization for what sinong mga babagsak then after
person you are. tumama yung prediction niya ayun
 Ang personal identity ay hindi lang tumama siya.
pansarili but also is link to the social  If a person thinks we are clever or stupid
identity of a particular group that we or whatever, they will treat us that way.
belong.  Pag tingin mo matalino siya, eh
 Example: A person may identify his self a ittreat mo siya as someone na
man, a Filipino, a psychology student of matalino kasi yun yung pakiramdam
CSU, a member of the UPS, a basketball mo sa kanya.
player, and, so on…  If we are treated as if we are clever,
stupid or whatever, we will act, and even
5. SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY (TURNER become, this way.
AND TAJFEL)  The person has thus had their prophecy
 When we make stereotypics about us fulfilled!
statements;  This is also known as the Pygmalion
 We CATEGORIZE: We find it useful to put Effect.
people, ourselves into categories. - Pygmalion effect - refers to situations
 We IDENTIFY: We associate our selves where teacher expectancies of student
with certain groups (ingroups);gain self- performance
esteem in doing so. become self-fulfilling prophecies; students
 We COMPARE: We contrast our groups perform better or worse than other
with other groups (outgroups), with a students based on the way their teacher
favorable bias toward our own group. expects them to perform
 Kahit mali ang group natin, we
always make a way na
maipaglalaban natin ang group
natin.