EXERCISE 6.

1
BASIC

1. Find the adjoint of each of the following matrices:

-3 cos aa sin
n) sin a 1 tan 1a/2
) 2 54 ICBSE 2020) ( cos a -tan a/2
Verify that (adjA) A=| A|l =A (adj A) for the above matrices.
2. Compute the adjoint of each of the following matrices:
[1 2 2 1 2 5] 2-1 [2 0 -1]
(i)2 1 2 (iü) 2 3 (iüi) 4 2 5| (iv)5 1 3o
|2 2 1 -1 1 1 4 -1 11
Verify that(adjA) A=| A|l =A (adj A) for the above matrices.
1 -1 11
3. For the matrix A= 2 3 0,show that A(adj A) =0.
18 2 10

-4 -3 -3]
4. IfA = 1 0 1,show that adj A=A.
4 4

-1 -2 -21
5. IfA = 2 1 -2 show that adj A= 3A".
2 -2 1
1 -2 3
6. Find A (adj A) for the matrix A = 0 2 -1
-4 5 2

7. Find the inverse of each of the following matrices:

cos 0 sin 01
1) (ü) (i) 1+bc
- sin 0 cos |
8. Find the inverse of each of the following matrices.
1 2 3] [1 2 5 2 -1 1 2 0 -11
(i) |2 3 1 -1 -1| (iüi) -1 2 -1 (iv) 5 1 0
|3 1 2 3 -1| |1 -1 2 0 1 3
6.22
MATHEMATICS-XII
-1] 0 0 -11 1
(v)4 -3 4 (vi) 3 4 5 CoS a sin a
3 -3 |-2 -4 -7| |0 sin a cos a

9. Find the inverse of each of the following matrices and verify that AA =I3:
|1 3 3 2 3 1
(i)1 4 3 (iü) 3 4 1
|1 3 4 3 7 2
10. For the following pairs of matrices verify that (AB)- = B- A-1;
2 and B 4 6]
|3 2
5

11. Let =21

A|7 s andB|6 7
l8 9 Find (AB)-1
2
12. Given A=-compute A"andshowthat24-1=91 -A. [CBSE 2018|

13. , then show that A - 31 =2(| +3A-).

14. Find the inverse of the matrix A = and show that aA =(a + bc + 1) I -aA.
1+bc
c

5 0 4] [1 3 3
15. Given A=|2 3 2, B 4 3 Compute (AB)". INCERT
|1 2 1 |1 3 4
cOs a-sin a 0 cos B 0 sin B|
16. Let F (a) =sin a COS a 0 and G(B) =| 0 1 0 Show that
0 0 1 sin ß 0 cos
)[F(a)]-1 =F(-a) (i) (G (Ø)1-'=G(-B) (i) (F (a) G(9))=G(-B) F(-a).
[2 31
verily that A? -4A+i=0, where I-o[1 01
nd O= Hence, find

[NCERTI
18. Show that A [-8 5
A
= satisfies the equation A+4A -421 =0. Hence, find A.
3 1]
19.
IfA =_
-1 2 showthat A² -5A +7l =0. Hence, find A-1. INCERT, CBSE 2007]
3
20. If A = 5 find x and y such that A-xA +yl = 0. Hence, evaluate A-,
3 -2
21. IfA =| 4 -find thevalue of Asothat A=A - 21.Hence, find A-1. |CBSE 2007]

22. Show that

A=_-|satisfies the equation x²-3x -7 - 0. Thus, find A1.
6 51
23. Show that A= satisfies the equation ** -12 x+1 =0. Thus, find A-1
 ADJOINT AND INVERSE OFA MATRIX 6.23

1 1 1
24. For the matrix A=1 2 -3 Show that A -64 +5A +11 13 =0. Hence, find A-1.
|2 -1 3
INCERTI
0 -2| 1
25. Show that the matrix, A=-2 -1 2 satisfies the equation, A-A'-3A -I3 =0.
3 4 1

Hence, find A-1,

[2 -1 11
26. 2 -1 Verify that A3 -64 +9A -41 =0 andhencefindA!. INCERT]
1 -1 2

[-8 1
27. If A= 4 4 7|. prove that A- = T
1 -8 4|
3 -3 4
28. -3 4, show that A-=A3
0 -1 1
-1 2 0]
29. 1 1,show that A =A-1,
0 1 0

30. Solve the matrix equation ix- where Xisa2x 2matrt.

31. Find the matrix Xsatisfying the matrix equation:

32. Find the matrix X for which:

33. Find the matrix Xsatisfying the equation:

[1 2 2]
34. 2 find A-'and prove that A-4A -51 =0.
1
BASED ON LOTS

35. IfA is asquare matrix of order n,prove that|Aadj A| = |A|".

3 -1 1] 1 2 -2]
36. IfA-=-15 6 5|and B=-1 3 o,find(AB)-1. [CBSE 2012]
5 -2 2 0 -2
1 -2 3|
37. IfA = 0 -1 4,find(A") -1. ICBSE 2015]
|-2 2 1
6.24 MATHEMATICS-X|

-1 -2 -2]
38. Find the adjoint of the matrix A = 2 1 -2 and hence showthat A (adj A) =| A|l3
2 -2 1

|CBSE 2015]
To 1 1|
39. IfA =1 o 1,fnd A-' andshow thatA-= (4-3/). INCERT EXEMPLARI
|1 1 0
ANSWERS

COS a -sin oa 1 - tan

(ii) -sin a
(iv)tan a/2
2 3 -13 - 22 11 -11]
[-3 2 2
2. (1) 2
2
-3
2 -3|
2
c-35 -3 6
-1|
9 (ii) 4
16
-2 2

3-1 1 25 0

(iv)-154 7 -5
-2 2
0 25
0 0 25

|1+ bc -b|
cos sin 07
7. (i) (iv)
sin cos a

3 1 -1]
1
-5 1 7 1 3
(ii)-1 -11 6 (ii)
-1131
8. (i) 1 7 -5
18 27 1 -3
7 -5 1

3 -1 1 1 -11] -8
(iv)-15 6 -5 (v)4 -3 4 (vi) 11 -2 -30
5 -2 2 |3 -3 4-4
0 [7 -3 -31 1 -1]
(vi) 0 COS a 9. (i)-1 1 0 (ü) 1 1
0 sin a 0 9 -5 -1|
39 -2 19 - 27
-47 -b
11. 2 14. 15.-2 18 -25
41 -17 -3 29 - 42|
18. 19.

20. x =9, y=14, 21. à=1, 4l=

-3 5
22. 24. 9 -1 -4
11
5 -3 -1|
ADJOINT AND INVERSE OF A MATRIX 6.25

-9 -8 3 1 -1
25 8
-5 -4
7
-1
261 3
-1 1 3
-3 2 2 9 3 51
-16 -14]
32. 24 33.-16 25 34. 5 2 -3
2 2
2 36.-21 10 o2
3

[-9 -8 -21]
37. 8 7 2
|-5 -4 -1
HINTS TO SELECTED PROBLEMS
15. We have to find(AB)-'and we are giventhe values of Aand B. But, (AB) =BA.
So, we need to find A1
5 0 41
Now, A =2 3 5(3-4) -0(2-2) +4(4-3) = -5+4 = -1# 0
|1 2

So, A-'exists.
Let Cij be cofactor of 4, in A=(4,) Then,
C1 = 3-4 = -1,C2 = -(2-2) = 0, Ci3 = 4-3 = 1,C21 = -(0-8) = 8
Cm = 5-4 = 1, Cz3 = -(10 -0) = -10, C31 = -12) = -12,
C32 = -(10 8) = -2, C33 = 15
Cu C12 Ci3] -1 -1 8 -12
adj A=C1 C22 C23 =| 8 1 -10 0 1 -2
1 -10 15
|C31 C32 C33 -12 -2 15
1 -8 12
So, A-1 = 1 0 -1 2
|-1 10-15
1 3 3][1 -8 121 [-2 19 -271
Hence, (AB) A!1 43 -1 2 -2 18 -25
|1 3 4||-1 10 -15 -3 29 -42

17. We have, A- 2|
:. A = AA

A'A² -4A +1) = A-'0 [Multiplying both sides by A-]

AA' -4A-' A+A-'I =0’ A-4 +4-1 = o

19. We have, A
ADJOINT AND INVERSE OFAMATRIX 6.33

[1 0 0 [3 2 61
0 1 0 2A [Applying RË ’ R+2Rg]
|0 0 1 2 2 5
[3 2 61
Hence, A-1 -1 1 2
|2 2 5|
EXERCISE 6.2
BASIC

Find the inverse of each ofthe following matrices by using elementary rouw transformations:
5 2] 3 [1 2] [CBSE 2017]

[0 1 2
[CBSE2010] 5. 6.1 2 3
|3 1 1
2 0 -1 2 11 3 -3 41
7. 5 1 8 4 1 9. 2-3 4
0 1 3 3 7 2| 0 -1 1
2 01 |2 -1 3| [1 1
10. 2 3 -1 11. |1 2 4 12.3 1 1|
1 -1 3 |3 1 1 2 3 1|
2 -1 4| [3 0 -1]
13. 4 0 2 [CBSE 2008] 14. 2 3 o [CBSE 2009]
|3 -2 7 0 4 1
1 3 -2| -1 1 2
15. -3 0 1 |CBSE 2011| 16. 12 3 [CBSE 2012]
2 1 0 3 1 1
1 2 2 -3 5
17. 2 5 7 [CBSE 2018] 18.3 2 -4| ICBSE 2019]
-2 -4 -5| 1 1 -2|
ANSWERS

1.

1/2 -1/2 1/2]|

6.-4 3 -1
5/2 -3/2 1/2|
3 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1
7.-15 6-5 8.-1 1 0 9.-2 3
5 -2 2 2 -5 2 -2 3
[-4/3 1 1/31 -2 4 -10 [-2 5 -1|
10. 7/6 -1/2 -1/6 11. 11 -7 -5 12. 1 -1 -3 5
30O-5 -5 11
117 -1
5/6 -1/2 1/6| 5 -2|
 MATHEMATICS-XII
6.34

3 1 -2 1 -1 1
-2 1/2 1 3 -4
3 4 16 8 7 -5
13. |1 -1 -6 14.-2 5 -4 3
8-12 5
4 -1/2 -2|
3 -2 -1 01 -2
17-4 1 -1 18. -2 9 -23
-1 5 -13
|2 0 1
FILL IN THE BLANKS TYPE QUESTIONS (FBQs)
1.If Aisa unit matrix of order n, then A (adj A) =
A............
2. If Ais a non-singular square matrix such that A =I, then
31, then A=...
3. If Aand B are square matrices of the same order and AB =
1 a 2|
4. If the matrix A = 1 2 5is not invertible, then a=....
2 1
5. If A is a singular matrix, then A (adj A) =
of
6. Let A be a square matrix of order 3 such that| A| =11 and B be the matrix of cofactors
elements of A. Then,| B| =
[10 0
7. If Ais asquare matrix of order 2such that A(adjA) =o 10 , then|A|=.
8.IfAis an invertible matrix of order3and| A|= 3, then | adj A| = *.*.*...e*..

9. If Ais an invertible matrix of order 3and | A| -5, then adj (adj A) =

10. If Ais an invertible matrix of order 3and |A| =4, then |adj (adj A)| =
11. If A = diag (1, 2, 3), then ladj (adj A) | =
12. If Ais a square matrix of order 3such that| A| = 2 then|A| =...
13. If Ais a square matrix such that A (adj A) =101, thenA|=
14. Let Abe a square matrix of order 3 and B=| A| A".If| A| =-5, then | B| =
15. If kis a scalar andl is a unit matrix of order 3, then adj (kl) =
coSx sinx| [k 01
16. If A =
-sin x cosx and A (adj 4)=o k,then k=.... ******

17. If Ais a non-singular matrix of order 3, then adj (adj A) is equal to

18. If A=(4jl2x2 where 4; =1-2j, i+j, if i+j ,then A-1=F.......
if i =j'
19. I4-2|2 031and 4=(aj4, then à=
20. If A is a 3x3 non-singular matrix such that AA" = A"A and B = A'A", then
BB'
21. If A and B are two square matrices of the same order such that B=-A'BA, then
(A+ B) =...
22. If Ais a non-singular matrix of order 3 x3, then (A-=...
23. If Abe a square matrix such that| adj A|=|A|, then the order of Ais
ADJOINT AND INVERSE OF A MATRIX
6.35

x 5 27
24. y 3,xyz = 80, 3x+2y +10z =20 and A adj A =kl, then k .....
|1 1z
INCERT EXEMPLAR.
25. For A =
(CBSE 20201

ANSWERS
1. A 2. 42 3. B 4. 1 5. Null matrix 6. 111 7. 10
3
8. 9 2
9. 5A 10. 4 11. 6 12. 13. 10 14. 25 15. k²I
16. 1 17. |A|A 18. 3 19. -6
1
20. I 21. 4²+B²
22. (A-,3 23. 3x 3 24. 81
25
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (VSAQs)
Answer each of the following questions in one word or one senteire or as per exact requirement of the
question:
1. Write the adjoint of the matrix

2. IfA is a square matrix such that A(adj A) =51, where I denotes the identity matrix of the
same order. Then, find the value of |A.
3. IfA is asquare matrix of order 3such that| A| =5, write the value of ladj A|. |CBSE 2009]
4. IfA is asquare matrix of order 3such that|adj A| =64, find |A|.
5. IfA is anon-singular square matrix such that| A| =10, find |4-.
6. IfA, B,C are three non-null square matrices of the same order, write the condition on A
such that AB = AC ’ B=C.
3
7. IfA is a non-singular square matrix such that t4--2-then find (ATy ,
8. If adj A
- and adj B
=-iind acj AB.
9. IfA is a symmetric matrix, write whether A' is symmetric or skew-symmetric.
10. If Aisa square matrix of order 3such that| A|=2, then write the value of adj (adj A).
1. IfA is a square matrix of order 3such that| A|= 3, then find the value of adj(adjA) |.
12. If Ais a square matrix of order 3 such that adj (2A) =k adj (A), then write the value of k.
13. If Aisa square matrix, then write the matrix adj (A') - (adj A)"'.
14. Let Abe a 3 x 3square matrix such that A(adj A) = 2 1,where I is the identity matrix. Write
the value of| adj A |.
15. If A is a non-singular symmetric matrix, write whether A is symmetric or
skew-symmetric.
16. IfA =l-sincos sin 0] k
cos and A(adj A) =| , then find the value of k.
6.36 MATHEMATICS-XII

17. IfAis an invertible matrix such that |A- = 2, find the value of|A.
[5 0 01
18. IfA isa square matrix such that A(adj A) =|0 5 0, then write the value of ladj A).
0 0 5
2 37
19. IfA =|5 -be
-2 such thatA=kA, thenfind the value of k.
20. Let A be a square matrix such that A -A+I =0, then write A in terms of A.
[2 -3 5
21. IfC; is the cofactor of the element a, of the matrix A= 6 4, then write the value of
1 5 -7
a32 C32 |CBSE 2013]
3 -21
22. Find the inverse ofthe matrix 23. Find the inverseof the matrix -sin
S cos
S |.
24. If A=21 o3 ,write adj A. 25.
find adj(AB).
1
26. IfA = 2 -3
then find| adj Al. [CBSE 2010]

3
write A in terms of A. (CBSE 2011] 28. Write A1 for A=13
29. Use elementary column operation C, ’C7+2c, in the following matrix equation :
[CBSE 2016]
30. In the fllowing matrix equation use elementary operation Rg ’ Rg +Rj and the equation
thus obtained:

[CBSE 2017]

31-If Ais a square matrix with|A|=4 then find the value of| A. (adj A)|. [CBSE 2019]
ANSWERS

3. 25 4. ±8 51
10
-6 5
6. A must be invertible or| A|0 9. symmetric
B-2 -10
10. 2A 11. 81 12. 4 13. Null matrix 14. 4
15. symmetric 16. 1 18. 25 19.
2 19
20. A- =(|-A) 21. 110 23 cos 0 - sin 01
sin 0 cos 0
0 31 25. 26. -11 27. A-=
19
28.
30.
31. 40(4)