REDOX REACTIONS

ByKhushbooShah

RED OX
T T
Reduction oxidation
The reaction in which oxidation and reduction both occur simultaneously are called Redox reactions

Oxidation: Oxidation is de ned as “addition of oxygen or any electronegative element and removal of

hydrogen or any electropositive element or removal of electrons”.

Reduction: Reduction is de ned as” addition of hydrogen or any electropositive element and removal

of oxygen or any electronegative element or addition of electrons”.

OXIDATION NUMBER
It is de ned as “residual charge that is present on atom when the atom is in combined state with

other atoms”.

Rules to assign oxidation no

1 OS alkali metals is always 1 Gpi

of
2 OS Alkaline Earth metals is always 2 Gp2
of
3 OS of F is 1 except in Fz
4 atom in its elemental has 0s
any
O
form
5 OS
of 0 his 2 in oxide
1 in peroxide
Ya in superoxide

6 sum
of all O S is equal to total charge
7 H O S is 1 but with Cup I II is 1

examples K'MIOy 1 2 8 0
at
but sometimes this method in suchcases
fails
structure compound is
of considered

eg Bus
080,4131
1
IE Blue
8

8 Be hasty 6 OS
for more ques
to classy
refer

II et
MI
 BALANCING OF REDOX
Oxidation No Method
1. Write the skeletal equation of reactants and products.

2. Indicate the oxidation number of all the elements involved in the reaction.

3. Calculate the increase or decrease in oxidation number per atom. Also, identify the oxidizing and

reducing agents.

4. Multiply the formula of oxidizing agent and reducing agent by suitable integers, so as to equalize

the total increase or decrease in oxidation number as calculated in step c.

5. Balance all atoms other than H and O.

6. Balance O atoms by adding water molecules to the side de cient.

7. Balance H atoms by adding H+ ions to the side de cient.

8.Add that many number of OH- ions as there are H+ ions to both side of equation for basic medium.

eg Mito t Ha s Mike Is H2O

R E
p 4 X2
MNO t 2 HI Mnlf t 42 H2O
now balance Mn Il

Mn Ost YHA Mnl t Az H2O

Balance 0 H
MnOz t YHA Mnd 4 2120
 ION ELECTRON METHOD

1.Write the skeletal equation and indicate the oxidation number of all the elements which occur in

skeletal equation

2.Find out the species that are oxidized and reduced.

3.Split the skeletal equation into two half reactions: oxidation half reaction and reduction half reaction

4.Balance the two-half equation separately by rules described below:

5.In each half reaction rst balance the atoms of element that has undergone a change in oxidation

number.

6.Add electrons to whatever side is necessary to make up the di erence in oxidation number in each

half reaction.

7.Balance the charge by adding H+ ions, if the reaction occurs in acidic medium .For basic medium,

add OH- ions if the reaction occurs in basic medium.

8.Balance oxygen atoms by adding required number of water molecules to the side de cient in

oxygen atoms

9.In the acidic medium, H atoms are balanced by adding H + ions to the side de cient in H atoms.

10.However, in the basic medium H atoms are balanced by adding water molecules equal to number

to H atoms de cient.

11.Add equal number of OH- ions to opposite side of equation.

12.The two half reactions are then multiplied by suitable integers .so that the total number of

electrons gained in half reaction becomes equal to total number of electrons lost in another half

reaction.
13.Then the two half reactions are added up.

14.To verify the balancing, check whether the total charge on either is equal or not.

eg 9 7 5
2 s est 504

62072 26 reduction half

505 Sou oxidation half

now Balance OHH

6,072 263 t 71120

62072 14Mt 263 71420

5032 H2O 5042 2Mt

balance changes

be t 6207 14Ht 263 7120 O

503 tho soy

2Mt 2é 0
multiply 120 by 3 then add both egn's
 F 6207 that 263 7420
35032 31120 35042 tht tf

GOI 817 38032 263 35042 41120

TYPES OF REDOX REACTIONS

Decomposition Reaction

Agt
d
28g Yao Redox

combination Reaction
Nig Nz Mtg'zn3 Redox

Disproportionation Ran
A reaction in which the same species is simultaneously reduced and oxidized .One of the reacting

species in this reaction is always an element, that can exist in at least three oxidation states .The

element in the form of reacting species is in the intermediate oxidation state .In this higher and lower

both oxidation states of the element are formed.

Put NaOH PH Na typos

P'undergoes 03 ERT
 Displacement Rxn
standard Rodin series is followed

Ba
See
Ca
Na

ng
Al
Mn
2n
be
Fe
Co
Ni
Pb

a
Hg
Ag
An
Pt
Iz
Beez
FL