A

Project report on
“Parking System”
For
Design Thinking Lab (HSMC-101)

Submitted by: Faculty Coordinator:

Rakshit Tyagi(Team Leader): PV-24190499 Mr.Gaurav Joshi
Priyanshu Mehra: PV-24180784
Sujal Bisht: PV-24190029
Rudraksh: PV-24190504

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Graphic Era Hill University
Dehradun
Font : Times New Roman
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Abstract

The project begins with conceptualization, focusing on creating a smart,

sustainable parking system that integrates modern technology to address urban
parking challenges for two-wheelers and four-wheelers. This includes features
like automated valet systems, EV charging stations, and inclusivity for
differently-abled users. The design phase translates these ideas into a modular,
multi-level structure, incorporating efficient zoning for vehicles, advanced
navigation systems, and eco-friendly technologies. During prototyping, a
scaled-down version of the system is built to test functionalities such as robotic
parking, dynamic space allocation, and real-time availability tracking. Testing
involves evaluating system efficiency, user experience, safety protocols, and
energy consumption. Results are analyzed to refine the design, ensuring
seamless operation, user satisfaction, and scalability for larger implementations.
 Contents

Sr. No Description Page No

1. Conceptualization of Project 04
2. Empathy 05
3. Defining the project 07
4. Ideation of the Project 09
5. Prototyping of Project 11
6. Conclusion 12
 Conceptualization

The project idea originated from observations of the increasing challenges in

urban areas related to inefficient parking systems, rising vehicle ownership, and
the growing demand for sustainable infrastructure. Data collected from traffic
congestion studies, parking utilization rates, and user behavior surveys
highlighted key pain points, such as time wasted searching for parking, limited
space utilization, and the lack of facilities for electric vehicles. Further research
into advanced technologies like AI, IoT, and robotic systems inspired the
concept of an automated, multi-level parking solution. This concept was
designed to address these challenges by maximizing space efficiency,
integrating eco-friendly features like solar-powered EV charging stations, and
ensuring inclusivity for differently-abled users. The idea evolved through
brainstorming sessions, benchmarking against existing systems, and
incorporating user-centric innovations, resulting in a holistic and future-ready
parking solution
 Empathizing with the Project

To develop a user-centric parking solution, the team undertook extensive efforts

to understand the challenges faced by users and stakeholders in the current
parking ecosystem. The process involved:

Observational Research:

○ Conducted on-site observations at high-traffic parking areas in

urban centers to identify key pain points such as overcrowding,
inefficient space utilization, and prolonged vehicle retrieval times.
○ Monitored the behavior of two-wheeler and four-wheeler users to
analyze patterns like peak parking hours and vehicle turnover rates

Surveys and Feedback:

Distributed online surveys via Google Forms.
Questions focused on issues such as time spent finding parking, security
concerns, preferences for automated systems, and demand for EV charging
stations.

Competitor Benchmarking:
Examined international smart parking implementations like those in Singapore
and Tokyo to adopt best practices.

Empathy Mapping:
Created empathy maps based on the findings, highlighting the needs,
frustrations, and aspirations of different user groups, including commuters, EV
owners, and differently-abled individuals.
Sources of Information:

Surveys:
Google Forms survey results (2024)

Academic Research:
Article: "AI Integration in Urban Infrastructure Planning" (2023).

Competitor Analysis:
Singapore Land Transport Authority’s smart parking initiatives.

By gathering data from diverse sources and prioritizing direct user feedback, the
team developed a comprehensive understanding of the parking challenges and
crafted an innovative solution tailored to real-world needs.
 Define
Problems:

Urbanization has led to a significant increase in vehicle ownership, resulting in

a critical shortage of efficient and sustainable parking spaces. Existing parking
systems face several challenges, including:

1. Inefficient Space Utilization: Parking lots fail to optimize limited urban

spaces, leading to congestion and underutilization of available resources.
2. Time and Fuel Wastage: Drivers spend considerable time searching for
parking spots, contributing to traffic congestion and increased carbon
emissions.
3. Absence of Technological Integration: Traditional systems do not
leverage modern technologies like IoT, AI, or robotics for real-time
monitoring, automation, or enhanced user experiences.
4. Rising Demand for EV Infrastructure: The increasing adoption of
electric vehicles necessitates charging stations in parking areas, which are
often unavailable.
5. Security Concerns: Limited surveillance and manual management
increase the risk of theft and vandalism.

Need:

There is an urgent need for a smart, inclusive, and sustainable parking

system that addresses the inefficiencies of current parking facilities while
meeting the demands of modern urban environments. This system should:

1. Optimize Space Utilization: Use advanced technologies like automated

stacking and robotic parking to maximize capacity within limited spaces.
2. Enhance User Convenience: Reduce time and effort with features like
real-time availability updates, automated vehicle handling, and app-based
slot reservations.
3. Integrate EV Infrastructure: Offer solar-powered EV charging stations
to support the growing adoption of electric vehicles.
4. Ensure Safety and Security: Implement AI-powered surveillance and
secure access systems for users and their vehicles.
5. Support Sustainability Goals: Incorporate green technologies, such as
solar panels and rainwater harvesting, to reduce the environmental
footprint.
 Ideation

Categorization of Data Received During the Empathy Phase

To organize and analyze the data collected during the empathy phase, the
following categories were identified:

1. User-Centric Data
a) Two-Wheeler Users:
Pain Points: Lack of designated parking areas, congestion during peak hours,
difficulty in locating vehicles.
Preferences: Affordable parking, faster vehicle retrieval, and safe storage.
Techniques used for ideation.
All the suggestions received for development/ improvement
Categorization of ideas based on the viability and feasibility

b) Four-Wheeler Users:

Pain Points: Prolonged time spent searching for slots, limited parking
availability, and concerns about vehicle safety.

Preferences: Automated valet parking, app-based pre-booking, and real-time

availability updates.

c) Electric Vehicle Owners:

Pain Points: Limited or non-existent EV charging stations in parking facilities.
Preferences: Dedicated EV parking with fast-charging options and solar-
powered energy.

2. Operational Data
Observation: Inefficient space management in urban parking lots.
Insights: Robotic parking systems and multi-level designs can increase capacity
by up to 40%.

3. Technological Data
Observation: Limited use of IoT, AI, and automated solutions in traditional
parking systems.
Insights:
IoT sensors can optimize slot detection and allocation.
AI can predict peak usage times for dynamic pricing and slot management.
Robotic systems can automate parking and retrieval.

4. Security Data
Observation: High demand for enhanced vehicle safety.
Insights:
AI-powered surveillance can reduce theft and vandalism.
Secure RFID/QR-code-based access systems provide peace of mind.
Prototyping
 Conclusion
Project Aspects

1. Available Market of the Users/Affected Users

Primary Users:

○ Commuters (two-wheeler and four-wheeler owners).

○ Electric vehicle (EV) owners.
○ Differently-abled individuals requiring accessible parking.

Secondary Users:

○ Parking lot operators and managers.

○ Businesses and commercial spaces requiring optimized parking
solutions.

Market Potential:

● Urban areas with high vehicle density and limited parking infrastructure.
● Emerging markets where smart city initiatives are gaining traction

2. Benefits

For Users:

○ Convenience: Reduced time spent searching for parking slots

through real-time availability updates and automated systems.
○ Cost-Effectiveness: Affordable and efficient use of parking space,
leading to lower operational costs.
○ Accessibility: Inclusive design with features for differently-abled
users.

For Parking Operators:

○ Increased revenue through dynamic pricing and maximized space

utilization.
○ Enhanced security with AI-powered surveillance systems.
For the Environment:

● Reduced carbon emissions from idling vehicles.

● Integration of eco-friendly features like solar panels and rainwater
harvesting.

3.Unique Selling Proposition (USP)

Automation: Integration of robotic parking systems and AI for

seamless operation.

Sustainability: Use of solar energy, EV charging stations, and

green infrastructure.

User-Centric Design: Prioritizing inclusivity, accessibility, and

convenience for all users.

Space Optimization: Multi-level structures and vertical stacking

to accommodate more vehicles in limited areas.

Scalability: Modular design allows easy expansion for future

growth and technology upgrades.

4. Future Aspects of the Project

Integration with Smart City Initiatives:

Incorporate IoT-based parking management into broader smart city ecosystems.

Collaborate with municipal authorities to implement city-wide parking

solutions.

Support for Autonomous Vehicles:

Adapt infrastructure for self-driving cars with automated parking and retrieval
systems

Advanced Data Analytics:

Use predictive analytics to forecast parking demand and optimize space

allocation dynamically.
Global Expansion:

Scale the system for use in densely populated cities worldwide, tailoring
features to local needs.

Enhanced User Experience:

Develop mobile applications for seamless booking, payment, and slot

navigation.

Provide additional services like vehicle cleaning and maintenance during

parking.

By addressing the needs of current users while anticipating future trends, this
project not only resolves existing parking challenges but also sets a foundation
for smarter, greener urban infrastructure.