I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

1. A. disease B. dead C. treatment D. sneeze

2. A. environment B. billboard C. visual D. litter
3. A. birth B. thermal C. earth D. further
4. A. poisoned B. died C. dumped D. caused
5. A. contaminant B. waste C. illustrate D. radiation
1. A. camp B. language C. native D. accent
2. A. capital B. scenic C. Scotland D. iconic
3. A. increased B. provided C. haunted D. founded
4. A. loch B. schedule C. French D. chaos
5. A. brigade B. kilt C. liberty D. icon
1. A. scatter B. shake C. collapse D. evacuate
2. A. trapped B. damaged C. destroyed D. moved
3. A. violent B. minor C. disaster D. climate
4. A. typhoon B. flood C. food D. school
5. A. earthquake B. weather C. without D. though
6. A. technology B. psychology C. character D. charge
1. A. telepathy B. System C. cyberworld D. battery
2. A. cinema B. cultural C. conference D. communicate
3. A. watched B. glanced C. decided D. attached
4. A. mean B. reach C. leave D. break
5. A. device B. netiquette C. dimension D. tiny
1. A. invent B. chemist C. patent D. technology
2. A. science B. scared C. Scottish D. screen
3. A. explore B. exchange C. experiment D. existence
4. A. inventors B. benefits C. panels D. homes
5. A. nuclear B. future C. bulb D. mute
VII. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentence.
1. Science and technology are the keys__________ economic and social development.
A. for B. to C. in D. of
2. It is predicted that 10 million self-driving cars will be on the road__________ 2020.
A. until B. from C. since D. by
3. John J. Stone-Parker came__________ the idea of creating a star-shaped device when he was 4 years old.
A. up with B. down on C. across withD. away from
4. If you don’t__________ your invention, other people may well take advantage of it.
A. discover B. explore C. patent D. develop
5. Vivian said that she__________ Jim at the supermarket the previous day.
A. was meeting B. had met C. would meet D. was going to meet
6. __________ create the applications or Systems that run on a Computer.
A. Computer manufacturers B. Software developers
C. Archeologists D. Conservationists
7. When I called them yesterday, they told me that they were going to the movies__________.
A. now B. tonight C. that night D. the next day
8. Technological advancements have turned AI and robotics from science fiction to__________.
A. reality B. benefit C. quality D. discovery
9. We’ll have flying cars in the future, __________ we can travel much faster and further.
A. although B. since C. in order that D. so that
10. “Modern technology saves us lots of time.” - “__________”
A. I think it’s all right! B. OK. That’s all.
C. I can’t agree with you more! D. Not completely all.
1. Many parents find it difficult to communicate___________ their teenage children.
A. of B. by C. through D. with
2. Communication has changed significantly___________ the last ten years.
A. in B. by C. for D. since
3. Ellen finally___________, apologizing for being late.
A. got through B. showed up C. went on D. took off
4. Letters were a common___________ of communication prior to the electronic age.
A. skill B. means C. channel D. System
5. They couldn’t communicate in___________, because William was illiterate.
A. body language B. sign language C. writing D. speaking
6. __________ allows you to hold meetings with colleagues who are located in different places.
A. Face-to-face meeting B. Message board
C. Multimedia technology D. Video conferencing
7. In a formal interview, it is essential to maintain good eye___________ with the interviewers.
A. contact B. link C. touch D. connection
8. ____ texting abbreviations tend to be grammatically incorrect, they are very commonly used in
messages.
A. Because B. If C. Although D. While
9. The children are only allowed to watch television at weekends. Therefore, next Tuesday at 8 p. M they
___________ television.
A. will watch B. are watching C. will be watching D. won’t be watching
10. ‘I don’t know,’ Anna replied, ___________.
A. raising her fists C. tapping her fingers
C. shrugging her shoulders D. placing her hands on her hips
1. Residents from Liverpool speak English__________ a different accent.
A. with B. as C. on D. under
2. Last summer, Mike spent two weeks__________ a summer camp.
A. for B. in C. on D. at
3. The inhabitants of Scotland are called__________.
A. Scotlanders B. Scotlish C. Scots D. Scotchs
4. Her English accent is so good that she is thought of as a__________ speakers.
A. natural B. official C. non-native D. native
5. Loch Ness is a__________ in the Highlands of Scotland.
A. person B. lake C. valley D. river
6. __________ having two official languages, Canada has the third largest English-speaking
population.
A. Despite B. Because C. Due to D. Even though
7. The Capital of Canada is__________.
A. Edinburgh B. Ottawa C. Cardiff D. Belfast
8. __________ your international summer camp going? - It’s just awesome.
A. How’s B. What’s C. Where’s D. When’s
9. Susan looks forward__________ a music camp, where she can sing and dance.
A. to attend B. to attending C. to be attended D. be attending
10. Where do Maoris live?
A. Scotland B. Australia C. Canada D. New Zealand
1. After the accident, many people were exposed________ radiation.
A. from B. at C. to D. with
2. Light pollution has a wide range of negative effects________ I’m human health.
A. on B. of C. for D. to
3. ________can cause high blood pressure, heart problems, sleep disturbances, and hearing problems.
A. Air pollution B. Light pollution C. Water pollution D. Noise pollution
4. The levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have risen________ the burning of fossil fuels.
A. therefore B. because C. in spite of D. due to
5. If rubbish is non-biodegradable, it________ forever.
A. exists B. will exist C. won’t exist D. doesn’t exist
6. ________are Chemicals that are used to kill unwanted plants, such as weeds.
A. Fertilizers B. Pesticides C. Herbicides D. Pollutants
7. There would be much less pollution________ people stopped using cars completely.
A. if B. since C. when D. although
8. Emissions of pollutants into the air can________ changes to the climate.
A. get on B. end up C. go into D. result in
9. ________can we help save our environment?
A. What B. How C. Why D. How much
10. If we care about plastic waste________.
A. why won’t we stop drinking bottled water? B. we would use reusable shopping bags
C. we will throw away plastic water bottles. D. why don’t we buy plastic bags?
1. _________ September 1, 2019, Hurricane Dorian hit the northwestern Bahamas.
A. In B. On C. At D. During
2. The earthquake caused damage_________ property estimated at $6 million.
A. for B. with C. on D. to
3. Due to a lack of rainfall, California regularly has_________ in summertime.
A. tornadoes B. floods C. droughts D. tsunamis
4. What a(n) _________ news! Thousands of people have died in the quake.
A. terrible B. wonderful C. terrific D. exciting
5. Debris was_________ for miles after the tornado touched down late Saturday.
A. evacuated B. scattered C. collapsed D. trapped
6. Natural disasters are caused by nature and_________ we can’t prevent them.
A. therefore B. however C. moreover D. whereas
7. At least 11 people were killed when a four-storey building_________ in the earhquake.
A. was collapsing B. had collapsed C. collapsed D. was collapsed
8. _________ the tsunami warning, there were still lots of people on or near the beach.
A. Due to B. Although C. Because D. Despite
9. It is raining heavily with rolls of thunder. We_________ such a terrible thunderstorm.
A. never see B. would never see C. had never seen D. have never seen
- “A12 year old boy was found alive after being buried in an avalanche for 40 minutes.”
“_________”
A. That’s awesome! B. That’s shocking! C. That’s awful! D. Well done!
VIII. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, c or D that needs correcting.
1. By the time the rescue team had arrived, they’d drifted at sea for three days.
A B C D
2. If I were you, I will not go skiing in such weather conditions.
A B C D
3. Search teams were unable to reach some areas because of roads were blocked by lots of debris.
A B C D
4. Dozens of people were reported to be still trap in the rubble of a hotel in Palu City.
A B C D
5. Tsunami waves are unlike typically ocean waves generated by wind and storms.
A B C D
6. If you hear a tsunami warning, it is important to move to high ground and stay away the coast.
A B C D
7. Japan’s Sakurajima volcano has been erupted, sending plumes of smoke and ash almost a mile into the
sky.
A B C D
8. We are all working hardly to free people trapped in the rubble of collapsed buildings.
A B C D
9. These are the victims of the two tornadoes that cut through eastern Alabama on Sunday, kill at least 23
people.
A B C D
10. After the earthquake, thousands of people are left homeless and in need medical supplies and health
care.
A B C D
IX. Write the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Information technology__________ (change) over the past years due to user expectations.
2. __________ (you/ still plant) the trees if I join you at 3.30 this evening?
3. If we__________ (have) flying vehicles now, we could solve the problem of traffic jams.
4. John J. Stone-Parker__________ (patent) his invention when he was 4 years old.
5. The Computer mouse__________ (invent) by Douglas Engelbart in 1964.
6. They said that they__________ (not be) to the art gallery for a long time.
7. I strongly believe there __________ (be) huge changes in the way we live in 10 years’ time.
8. The planet Mars__________ (explore) remotely by spacecraft since the late 20th century.
9. The teacher told us that we__________ (may) choose any subject that we __________ (like) best.
10. When I called Jane at 4 o’clock yesterday evening, she said she__________ (work) then.
11. My brother is very creative. He is fond of__________ (write) poems and stories.
12. He planned__________ (turn out) minor inventions every ten days.
XV. Choose the word which best fits each gap.
Many human activities over the last 200 years have been responsible (1) ________ polluting the air
and damaging people’s health. Automobile engines and power plants burn combustible (2) ________ like
gasoline and coal and allow toxic gases and smoke to escape into the air. Some pollutants destroy the
ozone layer, which is the thin blanket of gases that (3) ________ Earth from the Sun’s dangerous ultraviolet
rays. Other pollutants contribute to (4) ________ warming by adding to the planet’s natural greenhouse
effect. Still others create acid rain, a phenomenon that has disastrous (5) ________ on lake and forest
habitats. Air pollution is not limited to industrial areas. Depending on the direction of the wind and its
force, air pollutants may (6) ________ spread to other countries very far from the source of the pollution.
Big cities like Los Angeles and Mexico City are*often covered by smog, a fog that occurs (7) ________
air pollution. In 1952, the City of London, England, was enveloped by smog so thick that people on the
streets had to feel their way around by (8) ________ the walls of buildings!
1. A. for B. of C. to D. with
2. A. chemicals B. means C. fuels D. matters
3. A. covers B. protects C. stops D. damages
4. A. environmental B. thermal C. Temperature D. global
5. A. affects B. causes C. sources D. effects
6. A. never B. even C. ever D. hardly
7. A. because of B. in spite of C. instead of D. due of
8. A. climbing B. walking C. touching D. putting up
XVI. Read the passage carefully and do the tasks.
There are many kinds of pollution. Air, water, and land can be polluted. Some pollution is caused
by nature, such as floods, forest fires, and volcanoes. People are the major Cause of pollution. We pollute
the air with our cars, homes, and factories. Smoke from factories and car exhaust makes the air looks
gray and smoggy. Some people cannot go outside when the air is very bad! We pollute the water by
dumping garbage and Chemicals in the water. Plants and animals die because of the pollution in the
water. We pollute the soil with Chemicals and garbage. We harm the land by cutting down trees in the
forest, especially to build roads and new houses without careful planning and thinking.
The only way to save our environment is to think about pollution. How can you stop or limit
pollution? How do we protect our environment? Conservation is one way to protect our environment.
Conservation is the wise use and protection of our environment. We can control water pollution by not
producing as much as waste and by proper disposal of sewage and garbage. We can take care of
recreation land by cleaning up, after ourselves and not causing more pollution. Carpooling and public
transportation will help reduce air pollution.
Recycling is a type of conservation. Recycling is reusing items over again or in a new way.
Recycling can help us conserve our natural resources so they will last many more years.
B. Choose the correct answers.
1. According to the passage, pollution________
A. is always caused by humans. B. can only be caused by nature.
C. is mainly caused by humans. D. may sometimes cause natural disasters.
2. What kind of pollution may a car cause?
A. Air pollution B. Water pollution C. Soil pollution D. Light pollution
3. Which of the followings is not an example of soil pollution?
A. Land development B. Waste disposal C. Pesticide or fertilizer use D. Exhaust from
traffic
4. How can we help save our environment?
A. Stop pollution. B. Dump garbage into the river.C. Drive cars everywhere.D. Cut down trees in the
forests.
5. How does recycling help the environment?
A. It expands landfills. B. It saves natural resources.C. It increases water pollution. D. It causes
air pollution.
6. What can we do to help reduce air pollution?
A. Walk or bike B. Carpool to work or schoolC. Use public transport D. All of the
above
7. What is the main idea of this article?
A. The air is dirty because of cars and factories.B. The soil gets polluted from littering.
C. People cause pollution, but they can also stop or limit it.D. Conservation is the only way to stop
environmental pollution.
IX. Choose the word which best tits each gap.
NETIQUETTE TIPS
Netiquette is the etiquette of the Internet, simple rules for how you should act in Cyberspace that
keep things (1)________ and help everyone get along. Here’s some tips for being a good Cyber Citizen and
practicing good Netiquette.
1. Ask Before you post
Always ask (2)________ before posting about someone or sharing an email, photo, or chat
conversation, and make sure that does not contain any personal information.
2. Pay Attention to Format
Check for typos or other mistakes before you post or send a message. Use (3)________ :-) and
acronyms like LOL to get your message across in the right spirit. (4)________ using ALL CAPS, it means you
are shouting.
3. Be polite and respectful of others
Keep messages short, polite, and to the (5)________. Don’t spam people with multiple messages or
waste their time. Try not to use too (6)________ chat slang if you think other person won’t understand it.
4. Be a Champion, not a Chump
Be helpful and courteous (7)________ others and don’t be a Cyber bully. If someone is being rude to
you, be the better person. Talk to a trusted adult, block them, or simply walk away. If they are bullying
someone else, don’t join in and make it (8)________. Be supportive and positive and try to help the victim if
you can.
1. A. important B. polite C. positive D. natural
2. A. permission B. question C. allowance D. advice
3. A. abbreviations B. expressions C. characters D. emoticons
4. A. Avoid B. Try C. Choose D. Cease
5. A. view B. letter C. point D. way
6. A. little B. lots of C. many D. much
7. A. for B. at C. to D. with
8. A. badly B. worse C. worst D. more badly

X. Read the passage carefully, then do the tasks.

The very first, simple, text message was sent on December 3rd, 1992. It was sent by software engineer
Neil Papworth to his boss at the British mobile phone operator Vodafone. It read simply, “Merry
Christmas”. Little did they know that their simple mode of communication would take the world by
storm. SMS (Short Message Service) is today a multi-billion-dollar industry covering every corner of the
globe. An estimated nine trillion text messages are sent globally each year. Everyone from presidents to
schoolchildren to villagers in remote parts of developing countries relies on it to communicate.
SMS is now an integral part of daily life for most of us. It is the preferred method of
communication between family members. One study showed that the average American teenager sends
up to 60 texts a day. However, SMS has also been blamed for a decline in language ability and an increase
in traffic accidents. A new sub-language has spread worldwide as texters find shortcuts to write their
messages as quickly as possible using the fewest possible characters. Texting shorthand such as LOL
(laugh out loud) and OMG (oh my god) has even entered the Oxford English Dictionary.
B. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. The first text message was sent to engineer Neil Papworth in 1992.
2. The first text message simply said “Merry Christmas”.
3. Today SMS is a widely used form of communication.
4. Around nine billion text messages are sent worldwide every year.
5. An average US teen supposedly sends more than 60 text messages a day.
6. People blame SMS for a decline in writing standards.
7. An abbreviated, shorthand language has been created by texters.
8. The texting acronym “LOL” is in the dictionary as “Lots of Love”.
XI. Write the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first one. Use the words
given.
1. Because of the bad weather, the plane couldn’t touch down. (IMPOSSIPLE)
Bad weather made it__________________________________________________
2. My brother likes Science fiction books very much. (FOND)
My brother_________________________________________________________
3. ‘I’ve already see the New-Tech Exhibition.” (SAID)
Peter______________________________________________________________
4. “The plane will be leaving in thirty-five minutes.” (ANNOUNCED)
They______________________________________________________________
5. A robot will easily handled all household chores in the near future. (BE)
All household chores_________________________________________________
6. Thomas Edison established his first laboratory facility in 1876. (UP)
Thomas Edison______________________________________________________
7. “What about going to the Science and Technology Fair?” Mark said to me. (SHOULD)
Mark______________________________________________________________
8. Don’t waste time persuading him to go with us. (WORTH)
It’s________________________________________________________________
9. Why has no One thought of a way to make aircraft quieter? (COME)
Why______________________________________________________________
10. We arrived at the cinema, but the film had finished. (TIME)
By________________________________________________________________
1. It was the first time I had been in an earthquake. (NEVER)
I_________________________________________________________________
2. The wind started to blow three hours ago. (FOR)
The wind__________________________________________________________
3. You should practice Drop, Cover and Hold On with family. (WOULD)
If I_______________________________________________________________
4. During the past two years, drought has affected much of southeastern Australia. (BEEN)
During the past two years,_____________________________________________
5. Typhoons are not as destructive as earthquakes are. (MUCH)
Earthquakes________________________________________________________
6. It took firefighters three hours to extinguish the blaze. (OUT)
It_________________________________________________________________
7. Typhoon Faxai hit the Japanese Capital and surrounding regions on Monday. (BY)
The Japanese Capital_________________________________________________
8. The weather was so bad that the plane could not take off. (PREVENTED)
The bad weather_____________________________________________________
9. While we were going home yesterday we got caught in a thunderstorm. (WAY)
We________________________________________________________________
10. What about raising money for flood victims? (SHOULD)
Jenny______________________________________________________________
1. We must conserve water. Otherwise we will face serious water shortages. (IF)
____________________________________________________________________
2. The weather was awful. We didn’t enjoy our camping holiday. (BECAUSE OF)
____________________________________________________________________
3. Plastic bags are non-biodegradable. They will remain in the environment for many years. (SINCE)
____________________________________________________________________
4. Paul doesn’t think about the planet. He wastes so much water. (IF)
____________________________________________________________________
5. Water pollution happens. Many aquatic animals such as fish can die. (LEAD)
____________________________________________________________________
6. The climate is changing. The earth is getting warmer. (BECAUSE)
____________________________________________________________________
7. We should stop cutting down so many trees. We endanger our oxygen supply. (UNLESS)
____________________________________________________________________
8. People begin to recycle. They generate much less trash. (WHEN)
____________________________________________________________________
9. We are damaging the ozone layer. The ozone layer is necessary for human existence. (EVEN THOUGH)
____________________________________________________________________
10. Sue is suffering from skin cancer. She was exposed to radiation when she was young. (SO)
____________________________________________________________________