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Rotary Vacuum Filter

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neha.devi
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10 views4 pages

Rotary Vacuum Filter

Uploaded by

neha.devi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MECHANICAL

OPERATIONS LAB

ROTARY DRUM
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL VACCUM FILTER
ENGINEERING

OBJECTIVE:
To study the performance of a Rotary Drum Filter operating under Vacuum.

INTRODUCTION:

A most common type of continuous vacuum filter a rotary drum filter, which consists up a
horizontal drum with a slotted face turns at a speed of 1.5 to 2 rev/min in an agitated slurry through
a filter medium such as canvas covers the face of the drum., which is partly submersed in the
liquid. Under cylindrical face of the main drum is a second smaller drum with a solid surface.
Between two drums are radial partitions dividing the annular space into separate compartments.
Due to vacuum applied inside the drum, the filtrate is drawn in through the filter medium and the
cake is deposited on the outer surface of the drum.

THEORY:

In a continuous Rotary Drum Filter, the feed, filtrate and cake move at steady constant rates. For
any particular element of the Filter surface, however, conditions are not steady but transient. The
process of filtration consists of cake formation, washing, drying and discharging. The cake
thickness is not allowed to increase to large values and therefore the filtration process can be
conducted at a constant rate using a constant pressure difference.

A Rotary drum vacuum filter consists of a cylindrical drum partly submerged in the feed slurry. At
any instant, a segment of the drum is in position and thus in contact with the slurry. Due to vacuum
applied inside the drum, the filtrate is drawn in through the filter medium and the cake is deposited
on the outer surface of the drum. As the drum rotates, this segment moves up where it is subjected
to dewatering, to washing and finally the cake is removed by the scrapper or doctor
PROCEDURE:

1. As the drum rotates, it is partially submerged in the feed slurry.


2. Vacuum draws liquid through the filter medium (cloth) on the drum surface which retains
the solids. Vacuum is applied using a liquid ring vacuum pump
3. The vacuum pulls air (or gas) through the cake and continues to remove moisture as the
drum rotates.
4. Finally, the cake is discharged from the drum to a conveyor or chute to the next process
step.
5. The filtrate and air pulled through the medium flow through internal filtrate pipes and pass
though the rotary valve and into the filtrate receiver.

OBSERVATION & CALCULATION:

D = 0.25 m
L = 0.35
A = π DxL=¿0.275 m2
Df = …… m
Af = ……… m2

2
A = Area of drum, m2
AF = Cross sectional area of filtrate tank, m2
D = Drum diameter, m
DF = Diameter of filtrate tank, m
f = fractional submergence
h = Rise in water in filtrate tank, m
L = Drum length, m
Lc = Thickness of cake, m
T = Time of filtrate collection, sec
tc = Time for one revolution, sec
t = Time for cake formation, sec
VF = Volume of the filtrate, m3
V’ = Rate of filtration, m3/sec
V = Volume of filtrate in one revolution, m3
X = mass fraction of the solid in slurry
ρf = Density of the filtrate, kg/m3
ρS = Density of the solid, kg/m3

S.No Speed H Time T tc t

Mass fraction of the solid in slurry

X=

wt of solid
wt . of solid + wt of water

Volume of filtrate tank, Vf

Vf = Af x h=m³

Rate of filtrate

3
Vf
V '= m ³ /s
T

Volume of filtrate in one revolution

'
V =V x tc=m ³

PRECAUTION & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS:

 Proper cleaning is must of drum and its clothes.


 Feed slurry is filtered before feeding it into the tank.
 Low flow is best for operating it.
 Vacuum pump connections should be correct & properly tight.

TROUBLESHOOTING:
 If the slurry is overflow from the drum slow down the feed inlet rate.
 If the vacuum is not proper than check the vacuum and tight the screw which are on the
vacuum connecting plate.
 For constant pressure operate the ball valves during experiment if it fluctuates.

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