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VASCULATURE

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Bea Balolong Avila
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8 views

VASCULATURE

Uploaded by

Bea Balolong Avila
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRIMARY HEMOSTASIS:

VASCULATURE
Althea Marie Mamaril, RMT
COMPONENTS OF HEMOSTASIS
In hemostasis, we have three key elements/components:

➢ Extravascular component
➢ Intravascular component
➢ Vascular component
COMPONENTS OF HEMOSTASIS
COMPONENTS OF HEMOSTASIS
COMPONENTS OF HEMOSTASIS
BLOOD VESSELS
Blood vessels are hollow tubes that carry
blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen
and nutrients to tissues and removing waste
products.
3 Types of Blood Vessels:
1. Arteries - are large thick-walled blood vessels
that propel oxygen-rich blood away from the
heart to the capillaries.
2. Veins - have thinner walls than arteries and
carry oxygen-poor blood, carbon dioxide, and
other waste products back to the heart.
3. Capillaries - are the smallest and most
numerous blood vessels.
BLOOD VESSELS
The bigger blood vessels, arteries and
veins, are capable of constriction and dilation to
regulate blood flow rate and pressure. These
activities are controlled by the smooth muscle
in their walls. Their structure includes three
layers.
The capillaries consist of a single
continuous endothelial cell layer attached to a
basement membrane. The lumen is just large
enough for a single RBC or WBC to pass. The
junctions (openings) along the capillary wall
allow metabolic exchange processes into and
out of the blood.*
➢ Pericytes - cells that lie beneath the
endothelium of BV and may differentiate
into vessel-related cells when needed.
BLOOD VESSELS
3 Layers of (Larger) Blood Vessels:

1. Tunica externa/adventitia - composed of


connective tissue, fibroblasts, and collagen fibers.

2. Tunica media - composed of smooth muscle cells,


elastic tissue, collagen fibers, and occasional
fibroblasts.

3. Tunica interna/intima - comes into contact with


blood cells and is composed of a lining of epithelial
cells, basement membrane, and collagen fibers.
ANTICOAGULANT properties of INTACT vascular intima:
1. Endothelial cells being rhomboid and contiguous.
2. Prostacyclin - platelet inhibitor and a vasodilator
3. Nitric oxide - induces smooth muscle relaxation and subsequent vasodilation
4. Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor - controls the activation of the TF pathway
5. Thrombomodulin - inhibitor of thrombin formation
6. Heparan sulfate - enhances activity of antithrombin (a serine protease
inhibitor)
PROCOAGULANT properties of DAMAGED vascular intima:
1. Vasoconstriction
2. Collagen
3. von Willebrand Factor
4. P-selectin
5. ICAMs
6. PECAMs
7. Tissue Factor
FIBRINOLYTIC properties of vascular intima:
1. Tissue plasminogen activator
2. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
The End.
Althea Marie Mamaril, RMT

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