SR+LT BIPC ALL BATCHES DAILY PRACTICE ASSIGNMENTS

DAY – 17 (DT 26-04-2020)

SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Chapter : DUAL NATURE
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PHYSICS
1. If 5 % of the energy supplied to a bulb is irradiated as visible light, how many quanta are emitted per sec
by a 100 watt lamp? Assume wavelength of visible light as 5.6 × 10–5 cm.
(1) 1.4 × 1019 (2) 2.0 × 10–4
(3) 1.4 × 10 –19 (4) 2.0 × 104
nE hc
Sol : P Where E  h 
t 
Key :1
2. 10–3 watt and 5000 Å light is directed on a photoelectric cell. If the current in the cell is 0.16 A, the
percentage of incident photons which produce photoelectrons, is
(1) 0.4% (2) 0.04%
(3) 20% (4) 10%
 n  hc 
Sol : P    
 t   
Key :2
3. A l00 watt light source is emitting radiations of wavelength 5000Å. The rate of emission of photons is of
the order of :
(1) 1040 (2) 1020 (3) 1010 (4) 105
nE nh n P
Sol : P P ; 
t t t hc
Key :2
4. A sensor is exposed for time t to a lamp of power P placed at a distance  . The sensor has a circular
opening that is 4d in diameter. Assuming all energy of the lamp is given off as light, the number of
photons entering the sensor if the wave length of light is  is :-
(  >> d)
P  d 2t 4P d 2 t
(1) (2)
hc 2 hc 2
2
P d t P d 2 t
(3) (4)
4 hc 2 16 hc 2
nhc
Sol : E  nh 

Key :1
5. A 200W sodium street lamp emits yellow light of wavelength 0.6 m . Assuming it to be 25% efficient
converting electrical
energy of light, the number of photons of yellow light , it emits per second is :
20 19
1) 62 10 2) 3  10
20 18
3) 1.5 10 4) 6 10
Power P
Sol : Number of photons per second = 
Energy of photon hc / 
 25
200 
 100
6.6 1034  3 108
0.6 106
50  6  10 7 50
=  10 20  1.515  1020
66  3  10 27 33
Key : 3
6. The number of photons of wavelength 540nm emitted per second by an electric bulb of power 100W is
34
(taking h  6  10 J  s )
16 17 20 18
1) 3  10 2) 3  10 3) 3  10 4) 3  10
nhc
Sol : Power, P 
t
n  6  10 34  3  108
100  9
 n  31020
540  10  1
Key : 3
7. The momentum of a photon of energy 1 MeV in kg m/s will be (nearly)
1) 7 1024 2) 1022
3) 5 1022 4) 0.33106
13
Sol : P  E  1.6 108  5.3 1022  5 1022 Kg m / s
C 3 10
Key : 3
8. A 5 W source emits monochromatic light of wavelength 5000 Å. When placed 0.5 m away, it liberates
photoelectrons from a photosensitive metallic surface. When the source is moved to a distance if 1.0 m,
the number of photoelectrons liberated will be reduced by factor of
(1) 4 (2) 8 (3) 16 (4) 2
Sol : Intensity of light is inversely proportional to square of distance of source
1 I d2 1
i.e. I  2 ; 2  12 
d I1 d2 4
No. of photoelectrons emitted  intensity
Key : 1
9. Find the number of electrons emitted per second by a 24 W source of monochromatic light of
wavelength 6600 Å, assuming 3% efficiency for photoelectric effect (take h  6.6  10 –34 Js )
(1) 48  1019 (2) 48  1017
(3) 8  1019 (4) 24  1017
n n P 3
Sol : P  E ;  
t t E hc
3  6600 10 10
 34 8
 24 1017
6.6  10  3  10
Key : 4
10. When light radiation of frequency double the threshold frequency and of certain intensity is incident on a
metal surface the saturation current is ‘I’. If the intensity is doubled and frequency is made one-third the
saturation current is
1) I 2) 2I/3 3) 2I 4) 0
Sol : In the second case   0  no photoelectric effect
(  0  threshold frequency)
Key : 4

11. When a point source of light is at a distance of one metre from a photo cell, the cut off voltage is found to
be V. If the same source is placed at 2m distance from photo cell, the cut off voltage will be
1) V 2) V/2
3) V/4 4) V / 2
Sol :
Key : 1
12. The minimum intensity of light to be detected by human eye is 10-10bW/m2. The number of photons of
wavelength 5.6×10-7m entering the eye, with pupil area 10-6m2,per second for vision will be nearly
(1) 100 (2) 200 (3) 300 (4) 400
hc
Sol : Intensity I=n n=no.of photons entering per unit time
A
IA
n=
hc
1010  5.6  10 7  10 6
n= =300
6.6  10 34  3  108
Key :3
13. The ratio of de Broglie wavelength of molecules of hydrogen and helium in two gas jars kept separately
at temperatures of 27° C and 127°C respectively is :-
1) 2/ 3 2) 2/3
3) 3 /4 4) 8 /3
h
Sol : K = boltzmann constant
3mKT
T = Temperature
Key : 4
14. What will be the ratio of the de Broglie wavelengths of proton and α-particle of same kinetic energy
(1) 2:1 (2) 1:2 (3) 4:1 (4) 1:4
Sol : de Broglie wavelength
h
λ= (I)
mV
h
λ= (II)
2mK
h
λ= (III)
2mV
p 2
=
a 1
Key :1
15. A radiation of wavelength 200nm is propagating in the form of a parallel surface. The intensity of the
beam is 5mW and its cross-sectional area is 1.0 mm2. Find the pressure exerted by radiation on the
metallic surface if the radiation is completely reflected in Nm -2.
(1) 2×10-5 (2) 6.33×10-5 (3) 3.33×10-5 (4) 8×10-5
2I
Sol : Radiation pressure =
c
Key :3
16. The de Broglie wavelength associated with a nitrogen molecule at atmospheric pressure and temperature
27℃ will be nearly
(1) 0.1A (2) 0.2A (3)0.3A (4) 0.4A
Sol : Temperature=(T)=300K
Atomic mass of nitrogen = 14.00
Mass of nitrogen molecule (m)
=2×14V=28V
=28×1.6606×10-27Kg
=46.52×10-27Kg
Key :3
17. What potential must be applied on an electron microscope so that it may produce an electron
wavelength 1A?
(1) 50V (2) 100V (3) 150.5V (4) 200V
 150
Sol :λ A
V
λ =1A
150
1=
V
V=150V
Key :3
18. When the momentum of a proton is changed by an amount P0, the corresponding change in the de
Broglie wavelength is found to be 0.25%. Then the original momentum of the proton was
(1) P0 (2) 100 P0 (3) 400 P0 (4)4 P0
h
Sol : λ=
p
1
λα
p
p 

p 
p 

p 

P0 0.25 1
= =
p 100 400
P0 1
=
p 400
P=400P0
Key :3
19. The ratio of de Broglie wavelengths of molecules of hydrogen and helium which are at temperature
27℃ and 127℃, respectively is
1 3 8
(1) (2) (3) (4) 1
2 8 3
h
Sol : P=m  =

1
α
m
3RT
 rms=
M
1 M 2T2 4  400 8
  
2 M1T1 2  300 3
Key :3
20. Which of the following figure represent the variation of particle momentum with the associated de
Broglie wavelength?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol : Rectangular hyperbola
Key :1
21. If the kinetic energy of the particle is increased to 16 times its previous value, the percentage change in
the de Broglie wavelength of the particle is
(1) 60 (2) 50 (3) 25 (4) 75
 h h 1
Sol : p= = =
 p 2mKE
1
 1=
2m(100)
1 1
 2= = 1
2m(1600) 4
1
1
 
 = 1 2 ×100= 4 ×100=75%
1 1
Key :4
22. The de Broglie wavelength of neutrons in thermal equilibrium at temperature T is
3.08 0.308 0.0308 30.8
(1) A (2) A (3) A (4) A
T T T T
h 3RT
Sol : = =
m m
Key :4
23. The de Broglie wavelength of the electron in the ground state of the hydrogen atom is (radius of the first
orbit of hydrogen atom =0.53A)
(1) 1.67A (2) 3.33A (3) 1.06A (4) 0.53A
2 2
e m km 1
Sol :K 2 = m = e K=
r r r 4 0
Key :2
24. The ratio of the de Broglie wavelength of α-particle to that of a proton being subjected to the same
magnetic
 field so that the radii of their paths are equal to each other assuming the field induction vector
B is perpendicular to the velocity vectors of the α-particle and the proton is
1 1
(1) 1 (2) (3) (4) 4
4 2
m
Sol : r= m αq
Bq
Key :3
25. An electron of mass m, when accelerated through a potential difference V, has de Broglie wavelength λ.
The de Broglie wavelength associated with proton mass M accelerated through the same potential
difference will be
M m M m
(1) λ[ ] (2) λ[ ] (3) λ (4) λ
m M m M
1 h
Sol : Ve= m 2  =
2 m
Key :4
26. An electron of mass m and a photon have same energy E. The ratio of de Broglie wavelength associated
with them is (c being velocity of light):
E 1/2 1 2m 1 E
(1)[ ] (2) c(2mE)1/2 (3) [ ] 1/2 (4) [ ] 1/2
2m c E c 2m
2 2
1 p h
Sol : For electron E= m 2= 
2 2m 2me 2
 h 2  2mE e 2
hc Ep 2 E P
∴E= 2
 2mE e 2 h=
P c c
 e 2 E
2

p 2mc 2
1//2
e 1 E 
  
p c  2m 
Key :4
27. If an electron and a proton have the same de Broglie wavelength, then the kinetic energy of the electron
is
(1) Zero (2) less than that a proton
(3) more than that of a proton (4) equal to that of a proton
Sol : More than photon
Key :3
28. An electron and a photon possess the same de Broglie wavelength. If Ee and Ep are the energies of
E
electron and photon, respectively and v and c are their respective velocities, then e is equal to
Ep
v v v v
(1) (2) (3) (4)
c 2c 3c 4c
1   h
2=
Sol : Ee= m 2 m =
2 2 e
hc
EP=
P
Ee 
=
E P 2c
Key :2
29. The log-log graph between the energy E of an electron and its de Broglie wavelength λ will be

(1) (2) (3) (4)

 h
Sol : Ee=
2 e
h
logEe=log -log  e
2
 = speed of electron
Key :3
30. In a TV tube the electrons are accelerated by a potential difference of 10 kV. Then, their de Broglie
wavelength is nearly
o o o o
(1) 1.2 A (2) 0.12 A (3) 12 A (4) 0.01 A
hc 2  1025
Sol : E=vq=    10  103  1.6  10 19
 
o
   1.25A
Key :1
31. If  0 is the de Broglie Wavelength for a proton accelerated through a potential difference of 100V, the
de Broglie wavelength for α-particle accelerated through the same potential difference is
  
(1)2 20 (2) 0 (3) 0 (4) 0
2 2 2 2
Sol : 2 20
Key :1
32. The de Broglie wavelength of neutron at 927℃ is λ. What will be its wavelength at 27℃?
  
(1) (2) (3) 4λ (4) 2λ
2 4
1
Sol : α
T
Key :4
33. In the experiment of photo electric effect, wavelength of light is  and minimum de-Broglie wavelength
of photo electrons is  ' .Threshold wavelength of metal 0 . Correct relation is (m = mass of electron) :-
1 1 h
(1)  
0  2mC ( ' ) 2
1 1 1
(2)  
0  m( ' )
1 1 h2
(3)  
0  2mC ( ' ) 2
1 1 h
(4)  
0  2mC 2 ( ' )2
1 2 hc hc
Sol : mvmax  
2  0
Key :1
34. If kinetic energy of an electron is increased by 4%then percentage change in de-Broglie wavelength:-
(1) decreases by 2% (2) decreases by 1%
(3) increases by 5% (4) None of these
h 1  KE2
Sol :  ; 1 
2 mKE KE 2 KE1
Key :1
35. An  -particle and a deuteron are moving with velocities v and 2v respectively. What will be the ratio of
their de Broglie wavelengths –
(1) 1 : 1 (2) 2 :1
(3) 1: 2 (4) 2 : 1
 md vd
Sol : 
d m v
Key :1
36. If E and P are the energy and the momentum of a photon respectively then on reducing the wavelength of
photon -
(1) P and E both will decrease
(2) P and E both will increase
(3) P will increase and E will decrease
(4) P will decrease and E will increase
1
Sol : EP

Key :2
37. An electron with speed v and a photon with speed c have the same de-Broglie wavelength. If the kinetic
energy and momentum of electrons is Ee and pe and that of photon is Ep and pp respectively, then the
correct statement is:-
E 2c P 2c
(1) e  (2) e 
Ep v Pp v
Ep 2c Pp 2c
(3)  (4) 
Ee v Pe v
h
Sol :   , p  2 mKE
mv
Key : 3
e
38. A proton and electron are accelerated through same potential, then will be :-
p
(1) 1 (2) me / m p
(3) m p / m e (4) m p / me

h  mp q p
Sol :  ; e  
2mqv  p me qe
Key : 4
39. Energy of an electron and photon are equal. If wavelength of electron is 1Å then wavelength of the
photon is approx:-
(1) 82.67 Å (2) 1 Å
(3) 124 Å (4) 1.67 Å
Sol :
Key : 1
40. In third orbit of hydrogen atom, de Broglie wavelength of electron is  then radius of third orbit is :–
3 
(1) 3  (2)  (3) (4)
2 2
2 r  n 3
Sol : 2 r  n ;   ; r 
n 2 2
Key : 4
41. Which of the following statements is wrong-
(1) De-Broglie waves are probability waves.
(2)De-Broglie wavelength of a moving particle is inversely proportional to its momentum.
(3) Wave nature is associated with atomic particles only.
(4) In general wave nature of matter is not observed.
Sol : Conceptual
Key : 3
42. An electron of mass m and charge e initially at rest gets accelerated by a constant electric field E. The
rate of change of de-Broglie wavelength of this electron at time t ignoring relativistic effects is
h eEt
1) 2
2)
eEt E
 mh h
3) 4)
eEt 2 etE
Eq Ee
Sol : After t seconds V=0+at= t t
m m
h hm d  h d (1/ t ) h
  ;  
mv mEet dt Ee dt Eet 2
Key : 1
43. A photon collides with a stationary hydrogen atom in ground state in elastically. Energy of the colliding
photon is 10.2 eV. After a time interval of the order of micro second another photon collides with same
hydrogen atom in elastically with an energy of 15 eV. What will be observed by the detector
1) 2 photon of energy 10.2 eV
2) 2 photon of energy of 1.4 eV
3) One photon of energy 10.2 eV and an electron of energy 1.4 eV
4) One photon of energy 10.2 eV and another photon of 1.4 eV
Sol : Due to 10.2 eV photon one photon of energy 10.2 eV will be detected.
Due to 15 eV photon the electron will come out of the atom with energy (15 - 13.6) = 1.4 Ev
Key : 3
44. A proton accelerated through a potential difference of 100V has de-Broglie wave length 0 . The de-
Broglie wavelength of an   particle, accelerated through 800V is
 o  o o
1) 2) o 3) 4)
2 2 4 8
Sol :  h h  qvm
   p p p
P 2mqv  q v m

1  100  1 1 1 
      o
2  800  1 64 8 8
Key : 4
45. A proton and an   particle have the same de-Broglie wavelength. What is the other quantity equal for
both of them?
1) Charge 2) Energy 3) Speed 4) Momentum
h
Sol :   , p p  p  ;  p   
p
Key : 4
46. Two electrons are moving with the same speed v. One electron enters a region of uniform electric field
while the other enters a region of uniform magnetic field. Then after some time if the de-Broglie
wavelengths of the two are 1 and  2 then
1) 1   2 2) 1   2
3) 1   2 4) 1  2 or 1  2
Sol : The electrons may be accelerated or retarded.
Key : 4
47. Which of the following graphs represents the variation of the particle momentum and the associated de-
Broglie wavelength?

h 1
Sol :  or  
p p
i.e.,  p graph is a rectangular hyperbola.
Key : 3
48. The de-Broglie wavelength of an electron in the first Bohr orbit is
1) equal to one-fourth the circumference of the first orbit
2) equal to half the circumference of first orbit
3) equal to twice the circumference of first orbit
4) equal to the circumference of the first orbit
nh nh
Sol : mvr  ; 2r  ; 
2 mv
Key : 4
49. If the kinetic energy of the particle is increased by 16 times, the percentage change in the de Broglie
wavelength of the particle is
1) 25% 2) 75% 3) 60% 4) 50%
1
Sol : 
KE
2 KE1 KE1 1
  
1 KE2 16 KE1 4
 2 1
1  1
1 4
 2  1  3
   100    100  75%
 1  4
Key : 2
50. The de-Broglie wavelength of a neutron at 27°C is  . What will be its wavelength at 927°C
   
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 3 4 9
1  T
Sol : neutron   1  2
T 2 T1


1

 273  927   1200
2
2  273  27  300

 2 
2
Key : 1
51. The potential energy of a particle of mass m is given by
E : 0  x  1
U  x   0
0 : x  1
1 and 2 are the de-Broglie wavelengths of the particle, when 0  x  1 and x  1respectively. If the

total energy of particle is 2E0 , the ratio 1 will be
2
1
1) 2 2) 1 3) 2 4)
2
h
Sol : K .E.  2 E0  E0  E0 (for 0  x  1)  1 
2mE0
h 
K .E.  2E0  0  2E0 (for x  1 )  2   1 2
2m2 E0 2
Key : 3

52. The de Broglie wavelength  associated with a proton increases by 25%, if its momentum is decreased
by p0 . The initial momentum was
p p
(1) 4 p0 (2) 0 (3) 5 p0 (4) 0
4 5
 
Sol : 2 1  0.25
1
2 5 P 5
  1 
1 4 P2 4
4P
P1  P2  Po  P1  1  Po  P1  5Po
5
Key : 3
53. Electrons having energy E have de Broglie wavelength . The energy to be added to an electron to
reduce its de Broglie wavelength to /2 is
1) E 2) 2E 3) 3E 4) 4E
 h 1
Sol :  
2 mE E
1  1 E'
 ;  ,  2  E '  4E Energy to be added = 4E-E = 3E
E 2 E' E
Key : 3

54. Two identical particles are moving in the same direction and are associated with de Broglie wavelengths
of 1 and 2(1<2). If they collide and the collision is completely inelastic, then the de Broglie
wavelength of the compound particle is
2λ1λ 2
1) 2) λ1λ 2
λ 2  λ1
λλ λ  λ2
3) 1 2 4) 1
λ1  λ 2 2
Sol : 1 = h/p1 and 2 = h/p2. The magnitude of total momentum after collision is p1 + p2
 = h/(p1 + p2).
h 
  1 2
h h 1  2

1 2
Key : 3
55. An unstable particle at rest suddenly explodes in to three equal fragments which move in the same
horizontal plane. Two of them moving in perpendicular directions are associated with de Broglie
wavelength of  each. The de Broglie wavelength associated with the third fragment is
1) 2  2)  3)/ 2 4) /2
Sol :
P

P'
h h h 
Here P  , P'  2P  '  2   ' 
   2
Key : 3
56. The ratio of de-Broglie wavelength of a -particle to that of a proton being subjected to the same
magnetic field so that the radii of their paths are equal to each other assuming the field induction vector
B is perpendicular to the velocity vectors of the -particle and the proton is
1 1
1) 1 2) 3) 4)2
4 2
Sol : Sol in a When a charged particle (charge q, mass m) enters perpendicularly magnetic field B then,
mv
radius of the path described by it r  mv  qBr .
qB
h
Also de-Broglie wavelength 
mv

h  q p rp 1
 
qBr
  
 p q r 2
rp  r 

Key : 3
57. An electron moving with an initial velocity v  v0 i and is in a magnetic field B  B0 j . Then, its de-
Broglie wavelength
1) remains constant
2) increases with time
3) decreases with time
 4) first increases then decreases

Sol : Given, v  v0 i
B  B0 j

B0

V0
X
 
Force on charged particle moving in external magnetic field =  q v0 i  B0 j
 
 q is negative, force is in direction of - k (into the plane of paper) For force perpendicular to
velocity, the particle execute uniform circular motion. Since, magnitude of velocity v 0 is constant.
h h
de-Broglie wavelength,    =constant
mv mV0
Key : 1
58. A particle is projected horizontally with a velocity 10 m/s. What will be the ratio of de-Broglie
wavelength of the particle, when the velocity vector makes an angle 300 and 600 with the horizontal
1) 3 : 1 2) 1: 3
3) 2 : 3 4) 3:2
Sol :   cos 
1 cos300 3/2
 0
  3 :1
2 cos 60 1
2
Key : 1
59. The de-Broglie wavelength of a particle moving with a velocity 2.25 108 m / s is equal to the
wavelength of photon. The ratio of kinetic energy of the particle to the energy of the photon is
(velocity of light is 3 10 8 m / s )
(1) 1 8 (2) 3 8 (3)5 8 (4) 7 8
Sol :
Key : 2
60. The ratio of the de Broglie wavelength of proton and  particle which have been accelerated through
same potential difference is
1) 2 3 2) 3 2 3) 2 2 4) 3 3
Sol : K.E gained by a charge q after being accelerated through a potential difference v Volt is given by
1 2
mv
qV = 2
2qV
V
m and mv  2mqV
h h
 
mv 2mqv
de Broglie wavelength
h
p 
2m p q pV p
Now ,
For  particle
h p m q V
   
2 m q V  m p q pV p
V  V p
Putting , we get
p m q 4 2
   82 2
 mp q p 1 1
Key : 3
61. The kinetic energy of an electron gets tripled then the de Broglie wavelength associated with it changes
by a factor
1 1
1) 2) 3 3) 4) 3
3 3
Sol : For an electron
h

De Broglie wavelength, 2mK
Where h = Planck’s constant, m = mass of an electron, K = kinetic energy of an electron
Since m remains the same,
1
 
K
 K' 3K 
 1
  ' 
 K K or 3
Key : 3
62. The ratio of the de Broglie wavelengths of a proton and an   particle will be 1 : 2 if their
1) kinetic energies are in the ratio 1:8
2) kinetic energies are in the ratio 8:1
3) velocities are in the ratio 1:8
4) velocities are in the ratio 8:1
h p 1 mv 1
Sol :   ,     
p  2 mp v p 2
v 1 vp
   8
vp 8 v
Key : 4
63. An electron and a photon, each has a de-Broglie wavelength of 1.2A0 . The ratio of their energies will be
1) 1:1 2) 1:10
3)1:100 4) 1:1000
h
Sol : me ve  m p v p ;  

P=constant
1
me ve 2 1  m  v 2 2
Ee 2 e  e 1  c   ve  1v
 2
         e
E pn mpc 2  m p   c  2  ve   c  2 c
h
e 
me ve
h 6.64  1034
ve   31 10
 0.6  107
me e 9.1 10  1.2  10
1 ve 1 0.6 107
   1:100
2 c 2 3 108
Key : 3
64. A proton, a neutron, an electron and an  - particle have same energy. Then, their de-Broglie
wavelengths compare as
1)  p  n  e  
2)    p  n  e
3) e   p  n  
4) e   p  n  
Sol : We know that the relation between  and K is given by
h
  K  Kinetic energy 
2 mK
Here, for the given value of energy K
 1

m
  p : n : e : 
1 1 1 1
 : : :
mp mn me m
Since, m p  mn , hence  p  n
As, m  m p , therefore    p
As, me  mn , therefore e  n
Hence    p = n  e
Key : 2
65. If de-Broglie wavelength of
I) a bullet of mass 0.40 kg travelling with speed of 1.0 kms-1 is 1
II) a ball of mass 0.60 kg moving at a speed of 1.0 ms-1 is 2
III) a dust particle of mass 1.0 109 kg drifting with a speed of 2.2 ms-1 is 3
Then,
1) 1  2  3 2) 2  1  3
3) 1  2  3 4) 3  1  2
h
Sol : Using   and p  mv ,
p
p1  m1v1  (0.4kg 1kms 1 )  400kg ms 1
p2  m2 v2  (0.6kg  1ms 1 )  0.6kg ms 1
p3  m3v3  (1.0  109  2.2)  2.2  10 9 kg ms 1
p1  p2  p3
 1
1  2  3    
 p
Key : 3
66. A particle is dropped from a height H. The de-Broglie wavelength associated with particle is proportional
to
1) H 2) H 1/2 3) H 0 4) H 1/2
Sol : Velocity gained by particle
v  2 gH
h h h
       H 1/2
p mv m 2 gH
Key : 4
67. The de-Broglie wavelength of a neutron in thermal equilibrium with heavy water at a temperature T
(Kelvin) and mass m, is
h h
1) 2)
mKT 3mKT
2h 2h
3) 4)
3mKT mKT
Sol : de-Broglie wavelength
h h
 
mv 2m  KE 
h h
 ; 
3  3mKT
2m  KT 
2 
Key : 2
68. A particle A with mass mA is moving with a velocity V and hits a particle B of mass mB which is at rest
(one dimensional motion) If the collision is elastic, the change in the de-Broglie wavelength of the
particle A is
h 2mB 
1)  
V  mA (mA  mB ) 
h 2mA 
2)  
 mB (mA  mB ) 
V
h 2mB 
3)  
V  mA (mA  mB ) 
h  2mA 
4)  
V  mB (mA  mB ) 
h h
Sol : initial  ;  final 
mAV mAV1
 m  mB 
Where V1   A V
 mA  mB 
h  m A  mB 
 final 
m A  m A  mB  V
h  mA  mB 
Change in    final  initial    1
mAV  mA  mB 
h 2 mB 
  
V  m A  m A  mB  
Key : 1
69. The de-Broglie wavelength of a photon is twice the de-Broglie wavelength of an electron. The speed of
C
the electron Ve  (C – speed of light). Then
100
( Ee  energy of electron, E p  energy of photon)
Ee Ee
1)  104 2)  102
Ep Ep
Pe Pe
3)  104 4)  103
meC meC
h h2
Sol : e   Ee 
2me Ee 2me e2
hc hc
Ep  Since  p  2e ; E p 
p 2e
Ep hc 2me e2 e me c
  
Ee 2e h2 h
h h h 100
But e   
mVe m  c me c
e
100
E p h 100 me c
 
Ee mec h
Ep E
 102 ; e  102
Ee Ep
Key : 2
70. A particle moving with a speed that is one eighth of the speed of light in vacuum, has a de Broglie
wavelength half that of a photon having energy E. Neglecting relativistic variation of mass of the
particle, the kinetic energy of the particle is
1) E/16 2) E/4 3) E/8 4) 8E
1 1 hc
Sol :  particle   photon 
2 2 E
h 2E
Momentum of the particle P  
 partilce C
1 1 2E C  C E
Kinetic energy of particle KE  PV    V   KE 
2 2 C 8  8 8
Key : 3
o o
71. The energy that should be added to an electron to reduce its de Broglie wavelength from 2A to1A is
1) four times the initial energy
2) equal to the initial energy
3) twice the initial energy
4) thrice the initial energy
h
Sol : de Broglie wavelength,  
2 mE
h 2
1
or E  2
or E 2
2 m 
2 2
E   1 1
 1   2      or E2  4E
E2  1   2  4
The energy should added to decrease the
wavelength  E2  E1  4 E  E  3E
Key : 4
72. In a photo emissive cell, with exiting wavelength  , the fastest electron has speed v. If the exciting
wavelength is changed to 3 / 4 , the speed of the fastest emitted electron will be
1
2
(1) v  3 
1
2
(2) 4
v 
4
  3
1
2
(3) less than v  4 
1
(4) greater than 4
v 
2

3   3
1 hc
Sol : mv 2  
2 h
1 2 4hc
m  v1   
2 3h
2 4hc
V 1   3h  
V2 hc

h
4  hc  1
V1 
2     
3 h  3
   
V  hc

h
1
V1 
2 
4 4
    3 
V  3 hc   3
h
 4
V1  V
3
Key : 4

73. A photoelectric surface is illuminated successively by monochromatic light of wavelengths  and . If
2
the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons in the second case is 3 times than in the first
case, the work function of the surface of the material is
(h= Planck’s constant, c= speed of light)
hc hc 2hc hc
1) 2) 3) 4)
2   3
Sol : According to Einstein photoelectric equation
hc
E  Kmax  W , E 

Where, Kmax is maximum kinetic energy of emitted electron and W is work function of an electron
hc
KE1  W

2hc
KE2  W

KE2  3KE1
2hc 3hc
W   3W
 
hc
2W 

hc
W
2
Key : 1
74. The work function of cesium is 2.14 eV. Find the wavelength of the incident light if the photo current is
brought to zero by a stopping potential of 0.60 volt :
(1) 454 nm (2) 640 nm
(3) 540 nm (4) None of these
Sol :
Key : 1
75. The graph between the energy of photoelectrons (E) and the wavelength of incident light (ƛ)is
E E
E

(1)  (2)  (3)  (4) sp

Sol :  Hyperbolic
Graph between Energy of photoelectrons (E) & Wavelength of incident light (λ)
hc
E=

1
Eα

Key :4
76. A proton is accelerated through potential difference of 1V then K.E of proton will be
 (1) 1840eV (2) 0.1eV (3) 1eV (4) 1/1840eV
Sol : Potential difference (V) =1V
Kinetic Energy acquired =q×V
=1.6×10-19×1
=1.6×10-19J
=1eV
Key :3
77. The wavelength of a 1KeV photon is 1.24×10-9 m. what is frequency of 1MeV photon
(1) 1.24×1015HZ (2) 2.4×1020HZ (3) 1.24×1018HZ (4) 2.4×1023HZ
hc
Sol : Energy E=

hc
E= =1Kev

λ =1.24×10-9m
hc=E λ
hc=1Kev× λ
hc=1.24×10-9×103
=1.24×10-6evm
hc
E= =1mev

1.24  10 6 evm
1×106=

1.24  10 6 evm
λ=
1  106
λ=0.81×10-12evm
c
v=Frequency=

8
3  10 m / s
v=
0.81  1012 evm
v=2.43×1020Hz
Key :2
78. A 200 W sodium street lamp emits yellow light of wavelength 0.6 µm. assuming it to be 25% efficient
in converting electrical energy to light, the number of photons of yellow light it emits per second is
(1)62×1020 (2) 3×1019 (3) 1.5×1020 (4) 6×1018
25 hc n  6.6  1034  3  108
Sol : ×200=n =
100  0.6  10 6
50  0.6  106
n= 26
=1.5×1020
6.6  3  10
Key :3
79. On making ultraviolet light of energy 6.2eV incident on aluminum surface, faster photoelectrons are
emitted. If the work function of aluminum surface is 4.2eV, then the kinetic energy of these fastest
electrons will be
(1) 3.2×10-19 J (2) 3.2×10-17 J (3) 3.2×10-16 J (4) 3.2×10-11 J
Sol : K.E of fastest electron
=E -∅0
=(6.2-4.2)eV
=2.0eV
=2×1.6×10-19J=3.2×10-19J
Key :1
80. Light of wavelength 3000A in photoelectric effect gives electron of maximum K.E 0.5 eV. If
wavelength changes to 2000 A then maximum K.E of emitted electrons will be
(1) Less then 0.5eV (2) 0.5eV
(3) Greater than 0.5eV (4) PEE does not occurs
Sol : Greater than 0.5eV
Key :3
81. A point source causes photoelectric effect from a small metal plate. Which of the following curves may
represent the saturation photocurrent as a function of the distance between the source and metal?

(1) a (2) b (3) c (4) d

Sol : The saturation photocurrent as a function of the distance between the source and metal

Key :4
82. The work function for three different metals A,B,C are WA,WB and Wc, respectively, with WA>WB>WC.
The graph between stopping potential (V0) and frequency (V) for them would look like
C A
C BA ABC B B
A C
V0 V0 V0 V0

(1) V (2) V (3) V (4) V

Sol :
C BA
V0

V
Key :1
83. The anode voltage of a photocell is kept fixed. The wavelength ƛ of the light falling on the cathode is
gradually changed. The plate current I of the photocell varies as follows

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol : Plate current I of the photocell varies

Key :4
84. When a certain metal surface is illuminated with light of frequency  , the stopping potential of

photoelectric current is V0. When the same surface is illuminated by light of frequency the stopping
2
V
potential is 0 . The threshold frequency for photoelectric emission is
2
(1)  (2)  (3) 2  (4) 4
6 3 3 3
Sol : Einstein’s photo electric question
hc e(V0 )  w
=
 2
hc  V0 
=e   +w
  4 
hc V
=
 3
V0=V/3
Key :2
85. The work function of a metallic surface is 5.01 eV. The photoelectrons are emitted when light of
wavelength 200A falls on it. The potential difference applied to stop the fastest photoelectrons is
[h=4.14×10-15eV sec]
(1) 1.2 volts (2) 2.24 volts (3) 3.6 volts (4) 4.8 volts
Sol : Energy of incident
12375
E=
2000
E=6.18eV
According to relation
E=w0+eV0
(E  w 0 )
V0=
e
(6.18eV  5.01eV )
V0=
e
V0=1.17V
V0=1.17V≈1.2V
V0=1.2Volts
Key :1
86. light of wavelength ƛ strikes a photosensitive surface and electrons are ejected with kinetic energy E. If
the kinetic energy is to be increased to 2E, the wavelength must be changed to ƛ’ where
 
(1) ƛ’= (2) ƛ’= 2 ƛ (3) < ƛ’< ƛ (4) ƛ’> ƛ
2 2
hc
Sol : E= -w


< λ1< λ
2
Key :3
87. when monochromatic radiation of intensity I falls on a metal surface, the number of photoelectrons and
their maximum kinetic energy are N and T, respectively. If the intensity of radiation is 2I, the the
number of emitted electrons and their maximum kinetic energy are respectively,
(1) N and 2T (2) 2N and T (3) 2N and 2T (4) N and T
Sol : 2N and T
1. Kinetic energy of photoelectron defends on the frequency incident
2. A number of the photoelectron depends upon the intensity
So the number of emitted
Key :2
88. Two identical photo cathodes receive light of frequencies f1 and f2. If the velocity of the respectively , v1
and v2 , then
2h 2h
(1) v12-v22= ( f1- f2) (2) v1+v2=[ ( f1+ f2)]1/2
m m
2h 2h
(3) v12+v22= ( f1+ f2) (4) v1-v2==[ ( f1- f2)]1/2
m m
2h
Sol : V12-V22= (F1-F2)
m
Key :1
89. Monochromatic radiation emitted when electron on hydrogen atom jumps from first excited to the
ground state irritates a photosensitive material. The stopping potential is measured to be 3.75 V. The
threshold frequency of the material is
(1) 4×1015Hz (2) 5×1015Hz (3) 1.6×1015Hz (4) 2.5×1015Hz
Sol : Energy released from emission of electron
E=(-3.4)-(-13.6)
E=10.2eV
∅=E-ev=hV
E  eV
V=
h
10.2  3.57
= e
6.67  1034
V=1.6×1015Hz
Key :3
90. A silver ball of radius 4.8 cm is suspended by thread in the vacuum chamber. UV light of wavelength
200nm is incident on the ball for sometime during which a total energy of 1×10-7 J falls on the surface.
Assuming on an average one out of 103 photons incident is able to eject electron, the potential on sphere
will be
(1) 1V (2) 2V (3) 3V (4) Zero
hc
Sol : E=n n= number of photon

E  10 7  200  10 9
n= = =1011
hc 6.6  10 34  3  108
1011
9  109  3  e
1 Q 10 9  109  108  1.6  10 19
V= = = =3Volts
4 0 R 4.8  102 4.8  10 2
Key :3
91. A photon energy E ejects a photoelectron from a metal surface whose work function is W0. If this
electron enters into a uniform magnetic field of induction B in a direction perpendicular to the field and
describes a circular path of radius r, then the radius r, is given by,
2m(E  W0 )
(1) (2) 2m(E  W0 )eB
eB
2e(E  W0 ) 2m(E  W0 )
(3) (4)
mB eB
m
Sol : r=
Bq

2( E  0 )
m
r= m
Be

2( E  0 )
r=
eB
E=ꙍ0+KEmax
1
E- ꙍ0= m 2
2
2( E  0 )

m
Key :4
92. Figure represents the graph of kinetic energy (K) of photoelectron (in eV) and frequency (v) for a metal
used as cathode in photoelectric experiment. The work function of a metal is

(1) 1eV (2) 1.5 eV (3) 2eV (4) 3eV

Sol : y-intercept of graph gives work function in ‘eV’
Key :3
93. Photoelectric emission is observed from a metallic surface for frequencies u1 and u2 of the incident light
rays (u1>u2). If the maximum values of kinetic energy of the photoelectrons emitted in the two cases are
in the ratio 1:k, then the threshold frequency of the metallic surface is
u v ku  u 2 ku 2  u1 u u
(1) 1 2 (2) 1 (3) (4) 2 1
k 1 k 1 k 1 k
KE1 hu1  0
Sol : 
KE 2 hu 2  0
1 hu1  0

K hu 2  0
h(u2-Ku1)= ꙍ0(1-k)
=h  0(1-k)
ku1  u 2
 0=
k 1
Key :2
94. Photons of energy 6 eV are incident on a metal surface whose function is 4 eV. The minimum kinetic
energy of the emitted photoelectrons will be
(1) 0eV (2) 1eV (3) 2 eV (4) 10 eV
Sol : KEmax=0eV
KEmax=6-4=2eV
Key :1
95. A photosensitive metallic surface has work function  . If proton of energy 3  fall on this surface , the
electron comes out with a maximum velocity of 6×106ms-1. When the photo energy is increased to 9  ,
then maximum velocity of photoelectron will be
(1) 12×106m/s (2) 6×106m/s (3) 3×106m/s (4) 24×106m/s
Sol : h  = ꙍ0+KEmax
1
3Q=Q+ m (6×106)2
2
1
9Q=Q+ m 2
2
8Q 2

2Q (6  106 ) 2
 =12×106m/s
Key :1
96. The work functions of silver and sodium are 4.6 and 2.3 eV, respectively. The ration of the slope of
stopping potential versus frequency plot for Silver to that of Sodium is
(1) 1:1 (2) 2:1 (3) 3:1 (4) 1:2
Sol : w1=4.6eV KEmax=h  -w0
 h w
w2=2.3eV V= - 0
e e
h
Slope of stopping potential vs frequency graph is
e
h h
∴ : =-1:1
e e
Key :1
97. The radiation corresponding to 3→2 transition of hydrogen atom falls on a metal surface to made to
enter a magnetic field of 3×10-4T. If the radius of the largest circular path followed by these electrons is
10.0mm, the work function of the metal is close to
(1) 1.8eV (2) 1.1eV (3) 0.8eV (4) 1.6eV
 1 1   1 1 
Sol : E=13.6  2  2  =13.6  2  2 
 n1 n2  2 3 
5 17
=13.6× = =eV
49 9
m
r=
Bq

p=m  =Bqr
p 2 B 2 e 2 r 2 (3  10-4 ) 2  (1.6  10-19 ) 2  (102 ) 2
KEmax= = =
2m 2m 2  9.1  10-39
Work function =E-KEmax=1.1eV
Key :2
98. The kinetic energy of the most energetic photoelectrons emitted from a metal surface is doubled when
the wavelength of the incident radiation is reduced from λ1 to λ2. The work function of the metal is
hc 2hc 2hc 2hc
(1) (2λ2- λ1) (2) (2λ2- λ1) (3) (λ1+ λ2) (4) (λ1- λ2)
12 12 12 12
hc
Sol : KE1= -w0
1
hc
KE2= -w0 KE2=2KE1
2
Key :1
99. The stopping potential for the photoelectrons emitted from a metal surface of work function 1.7 eV is
10.4 V. Identify the energy levels of hydrogen atom which will result in emission of wavelength equal
to that incident radiation for the above photoelectric effect
(1) n=3to1 (2) n=3to2 (3) n=2to1 (4) n=4to1
Sol : E=1.7+10.4=12.1eV
 1 1 
=13.6  2  2 
 n1 n2 
Key :1
100. Light of wavelength 2475 A is incident on barium photoelectrons emitted describes a circle of radius
1
100cm by a magnetic field of flux density ×10-5Tesla. Work function of the barium is
17
e
(given =1.7×1011)
m
 (1) 1.8eV (2) 2.1eV (3) 4.5eV (4) 3.3eV
1
Sol : h  =w0+ m 2
2
12400
W0= -0.5
2475
=5-0.5=4.5eV
P=m  =Ber
P 2 B 2 e2 r 2
KE= =
2m 2m
2 2
B r e
= (e)
2 m
1 10-10
=  ×1×1.7×1011eV
17 2
=0.5eV
Key :3
101. When light of wavelength 300 nm falls on a photoelectric emitter, photoelectrons are liberated. For
another emitter, light of wavelength 600nm is sufficient for liberating photoelectrons. The ratio of the
work function of the two emitters is
(1) 1:2 (2) 2:1 (3) 4:1 (4) 1:4
Sol : h  = ꙍ0+KEmax [Here KEmax=0]
w01 h1 2 600
  
w02 h2 1 300
Key :2
102. From the figure describing photoelectric effect we may infer correctly that

(1) Na and AI both have the same threshold frequency

(2) Maximum kinetic energy for both the metals depend linearly on the frequency
(3) The stopping potentials are different for Na and AI for the same change in frequency
(4)AI is a better photosensitive material than Na
Sol : Slopes are equal
KEmax=h  =w0
Y=mx-c(linear equation)
Key :2
103. What is the Broglie wavelength of 1kg mass moving with a velocity of 10m/s?
(1) 6.626×10-35 \m (2)6.626×10-33m (3) 6.626×10-34m (4) 6.626×10-36m
h
Sol : λ=
mV
6.626  1034
λ=
1  10
λ=6.626×10-35m
Key :1
104. In a photoelectric experiment, the potential difference V that must be maintained between the illuminated
surface and the collector so as just to prevent any electron from reaching the collector is determined for
different frequencies f of the incident illumination. The graph obtained is shown. The maximum kinetic
energy of the electrons emitted at frequency f1 is :-
Sol : Conceptual
Key : 1
105. The graph is showing the photocurrent with the applied voltage of a photoelectric effect experiment.
Then :-

(1) A & B will have same intensity and B & C have same frequency
(2) B & C have same intensity and A & B have same frequency
(3) A & B will have same frequency and B & C have same intensity
(4) A & C will have same intensity and B & C have same frequency
Sol : A and B have same intensity B and C have same force
Key : 1
106. The metallic surface is illuminated with monochromatic light of wavelength and stopping potential for
photoelectric current is 5V0.When the same metallic surface is illuminated with a light of wavelength
 the stopping potentials is V0. What is the threshold wavelength for the surface?
8
(1)  (2) 8
3
1 1 
Sol : 5v0  hc     (1)
  0 
1 1 
v0  hc     (1)
  0 
Solve for 0
Key :1
107. The cathode of a photoelectric cell is changed such that the work function changes from W1 toW2 (W2 >
W1). If the current before and after change are I1 and I2, all other conditions remaining unchanged, then
(assuming hv>W2)
(1) I1 = I2 (2) I1< I2
(3) I1> I2 (4) I1< I2< 2I
Sol : Current depends on intensity only
Key :1
108. The surface of a metal is illuminated with light of 400 nm. The maximum kinetic energy of the ejected
photoelectrons was found to be 1.68 eV. The work function of the metal is : (hc = 1240 eV nm)
(1) 3.09 eV (2) 1.42 eV
(3) 1.51 eV (4) 1.68 Ev
hc
Sol : KEmax  w

Key :
109. The work function of a surface of a photo sensitive material is 6.2 eV. The wavelength of the incident
radiation for which the stopping potential is 5V lies in the:-
(1) Infrared region
 (2) X-ray region
(3) Ultraviolet region
(4) Visible region
hc
Sol : ev0   6.2 ev Solve for 

Key : 2
110. Threshold wavelength of a metal surface is
5×10–10 m. When it is illuminated by light of wavelength 2×10–10 m , stopping potential is V0what will be
stopping potential if wavelength of light is doubled :-
V
(1) 0 (2) 2V0
2
(3)   0.5V0  (4)   0.5V0 
1 1 
Sol : v0  hc     (1)
  0 
 1 1
x  hc     (2) Solve for x
 2 0 
Key : 4
111. If the surface of a metal successively exposed to radiation of wavelength 1 = 350 nm and 2 =450 nm,
the maximum velocity of photo electrons will differ by a factor of 2. The work function of this metal is :-
(1) 2.8 × 10–20 J (2) 6.1 × 10–17 J
(3) 3.2 × 10–18 J (4) 4.0 × 10–19 J
c
Sol : KEmax  h  w

Key : 4
112. The figure shows the variation of photo current with anode potential for a photo-sensitive surface for
three different radiations. Let Ia, Ib and Ic be the intensities and fa, fb and fc be the frequencies for the
curves a, b and c respectively.

(1) fa = fb and Ia  Ib (2) fa = fc and Ia = Ic

(3) fa = fb and Ia = Ib (4) fa = fc and Ib = Ic
Sol : a and b have same frequency due to same stopping potential and a and b have different intensities due
to different current.
Key :1
113. Maximum velocity of photoelectrons emitted by a metal surface is 1.2 × 106 m/s. Assuming the specific
charge of the electron to be 1.8 × 1011 C/kg, the value of the stopping potential in volt will be :-
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 6
2v0 e
Sol : v
m
v0  Stopping potential
Key :3
114. When the energy of the incident radiation is increased by 20%, the kinetic energy of the photoelectrons
increase from 0.5 eV to 0.8 eV. The work function of the metal is
1) 1.5 eV 2) 0.65 eV
3) 1.0 eV 4) 1.3 eV
Sol : E1    0.5  (1)
 E2    0.8  (2)
120 6
E2  E1  E1
100 5
solving   1.0 eV
Key : 3
115. Work function for three different metals are WA ,WB and WC where WA  WB >WC . The graph between
stopping potential V0 and frequency of incident radiation 'V ' is plotted. Which is the correct graph?

Sol : As work function is greater for a given frequency K max is less hence stopping potential is less
Key : 2
116. The maximum velocity of an electron emitted by light of wavelength  incident on the surface of a metal
of work function  , is
1/ 2
 2(hc   )  2(hc   )
1)  m  2)
  m
1/ 2 1/2
 2(hc   )   2(h    ) 
3)  m  4)  
   m 
Sol : Where h = Planck's constant, m = mass of electron and c = speed of light.
According to Einstein’s photoelectric equation
1/2
hc 1  2(hc   ) 
   mv 2  v   
 2  m 
Key : 3
117. When a point source of monochromatic light is at a distance of 0.2 m from a photoelectric cell, the cut-
off voltage and the saturation current are 0.6 volt and 18 mA respectively. If the same source is placed 0.6
m away from the photoelectric cell, then
1) The stopping potential will be 0.2 V
2) The stopping potential will be 0.6 V
3) The saturation current will be 6 mA
4) The saturation current will be 18 mA
Sol : Cut off voltage is independent of intensity and hence remains the same. Since distance becomes 3
times, so intensity (I) becomes I . Hence photo current also decreases by this factor i.e. becomes
9
18
 2 mA .
9
Key : 2
118. Light from a hydrogen discharge tube is incident on the cathode of a photoelectric cell the work function
of the cathode surface is 4.2 eV. In order to reduce the photo-current to zero the voltage of the anode
relative to the cathode must be made
1) – 4.2 V 2) – 9.4 V
3) – 17.8 V 4) +9.4 V
Sol : E  W0  eV 0
For hydrogen atom, E  13 . 6 eV
 + 13.6 = 4.2 + eV0
 (13 .6  4 . 2) eV
 V0   9.4 V
e
Potential at anode = – 9.4 V
Key : 2
119. The stopping potential V for photoelectric emission from a metal surface is plotted along Y-axis and
frequency  of incident light along X-axis. A straight line is obtained as shown. Planck's constant is given
by
Y
V

0 X


1) Slope of the line

2) Product of slope on the line and charge on the electron
3) Product of intercept along Y-axis and mass of the electron
4) Product of Slope and mass of electron
Sol : K max  h   h 0  eV0  h  h 0  V0  h   h  0
e e
h
Comparing this equation with y  mx  c , we get slope m   h  me
e
Key : 1
120. Work function of lithium and copper are respectively 2.3 eV and 4.0 eV. Which one of the metal will be
useful for the photoelectric cell working with visible light ? (h = 6.6  10–34J-s, c = 3  108m/s)
1) Lithium 2) Copper
3) Both 4) None of these
12375
Sol : From 0 
W0
12375
The maximum wavelength of light required for the photoelectron emission, (0 ) Li   5380 Å .
2.3
12375
Similarly (0 )Cu  = 3094 Å.
4
Since the wavelength 3094 Å does not in the visible region, but it is in the ultraviolet region. Hence to
work with visible light, lithium metal will be used for photoelectric cell
Key : 2
121. According to Einstein's photoelectric equation, the graph between the kinetic energy of photoelectrons
ejected and the frequency of incident radiation is
Kinetic energy

Kinetic energy

Frequency Frequency
1) 2)
Kinetic energy

Kinetic energy

Frequency Frequency
3) 4)
Sol : According to Einstein equation
h   h 0  K max  K max  h   h 0 on comparing it with y  mx  c, it is clear to say that,
This is the equation of straight line having positive slope (h) and negative intercept (h 0 ) on KE axis
Key : 1
122. For the photoelectric effect, the maximum kinetic energy E k of the emitted photoelectrons is plotted
against the frequency  of the incident photons as shown in the figure. The slope of the curve gives
 Ek


1) Charge of the electron
2) Work function of the metal
3) Planck's constant
4) Ratio of the Planck’s constant to electronic charge
Sol : Comparing Einstein’s equation
K max  h   h 0 , with y  mx  c, we get slope, m  h
Key : 3
123. In an experiment on photoelectric effect the frequency f of the incident light is plotted against the
stopping potential V0 . The work function of the photoelectric surface is given by (e is electronic charge)
Y
V0
A
O X
0 

1) OB  e in eV 2) OB in volt
3) OA in eV
4) The slope of the line AB
h W
Sol : Using Einstein’s equation, V0      0
e
  e
Comparing this equation with y  mx  c
W
We get intercept on – V0 axis  0
e
W0
 OB   W0  OB  e
e
Key : 3
124. For a photoelectric cell the graph showing the variation of cut of voltage (Vo) with frequency () of
incident light is best represented by
Vo Vo

1)  2) 
Vo
V0


3) 4) 
Sol : According to Einstein’s equation
h W
h = W0 + Kmax V0     0
e e
W0
This is the equation of straight line having positive slope (h/e) and intercept on  V0 axis, equals to
e
Key : 1
125. The correct graph between the maximum energy of a photoelectron and the inverse of wavelength of the
incident radiation is given by the curve
 C
A

Kmax
B

0 1/0 1/
1) A 2) B 3) C
4) None of the above
Sol : K max  h  h 0  hc  hc i.e. graph between Kmax and 1
will be straight line having slope (hc) and
 0 
hc
intercept on – KE axis
0
Key : 3
126. A silver sphere (work function 4.6 eV)is suspended in vacuum chamber by an insulating thread.
Ultraviolet light of wavelength 0.2  m falls on the sphere. Then its maximum potential will be
0
 
 hc  12400 ev A 
 
1. 4.6 V 2. 6.2 V
3. 1.6 V 4. 1 V
Sol :
Key :3
127. The work function of a metal is 4.2eV. Two photons of each energy 2.5 eV strike an electron of the
metal. Then
1) the electron emitted with zero energy
2) electron is not emitted
3) electron is emitted with energy 0.8 eV
4) electron is emitted with energy 1.7 eV
Sol : Work function of aluminum = 4.2 eV (Given)
Number of photons = 2 (Given)
Energy of each photon = 3.5eV (Given)
Electron emission refers to the process of an electron escaping from a metal surface. Every possible
atom has a positively charged nuclear part and many negatively charged electrons around it.
The energy of two photons cannot be added at the moment, when the photons collide with electron.
Thus, all the energy of photon will be dissipated or wasted as the energy generated is not sufficient to
knock it out.
Thus, if two photons, each of energy 3.5 eV strike an electron of aluminum, then emission of electrons
is not possible.
Key :2
15 o
128. Threshold frequency for a metal is 10 Hz . Light of wave length 4000 A falls on its surface. Which
of the following statements is correct?
1) No photo electric emission takes place
2) Photo electron come out with zero speed.
3
3) Photo electron come out with 10 m/s speed
6
4) Photo electron come out with 10 m/s speed
Sol : Frequency
C 3  108
  10
 0.75  1015
 4000  10
0.75 1015  o 1015 Hz  
Hence, no photoelectric emission takes place
Key : 1
15
129. A photon of energy 8eV is incident on a metal surface of threshold frequency 1.6  10 Hz . The
maximum kinetic energy of photo electrons emitted is h  6.6  10 34
J  sec,1eV  1.6  1019 J 
1) 1.4 eV 2) 0.8 eV
 3) 4.2eV 4) 2.8eV
15
Sol : E  h  8eV ,o  1.6 10 Hz
h  Wo  KEmax  KEmax  h  h o
6.6  1034  1.6  1015
KEmax  8 
1.6  1019
= 8-6.6 = 1.4eV
Key : 1
o
130. The work function of a metal is 1eV. Light of wavelength 3000 A is incident on this metal surface. The
velocity of emitted photoelectrons will be nearly
1) 107 m/s 2) 1  105 m/s
3) 1 104 m / s 4) 1 106 m / s
Sol : From Einstein’s photoelectric equation E  W0  K max
12375
Now, E   4.125eV
3000
Kmax  E  W0  4.125eV 1eV  3.125eV
1
 mv2max  3.125 1.6 1019 J
2
2 3.1251.61019
vmax   1106 m / s
9.11031
Key : 4
o
131. In a photoelectric experiment for 4000 A incident radiation, the potential difference to stop the ejection is
o
2V. If the incident light is changed to 3000 A , then the potential required to stop the ejection of electrons
will be
1) 2V 2) less than 2V
3) zero 4) greater than 2V
Sol : By decreasing the wavelength of incident light energy of incident light will increase.
Key : 4
132. The work functions of metals A and B are in the ratio 1 : 2. If light of frequencies f and 2f are incident on
metal surfaces of A and B respectively, the ratio of the maximum kinetic energies of photoelectron
emitted is (f is greater than threshold frequency of A, 2f is greater than threshold frequency of B)
1) 1 : 1 2) 1 : 2 3) 1 : 3 4) 1 : 4
Sol : K1  hf  W  K 2  2hf  2W
K1 1
 
K2 2
Key : 2
133. The surface of a metal is illuminated with the light of 400 nm. The maximum kinetic energy of the
ejected photoelectrons was found to be 1.68 eV. The work function of the metal is:  hc  1240eV .nm 
1) 1.42 eV 2) 1.52 eV
3) 1.68 eV 4) 3.09 eV
hc 12400
   KEmax  ev  1.68ev
Sol :  4000
  3.1  1.68  ev  1.42ev
Key : 1
134. When photons of energy h  fall on an aluminum plate (of work function=E0), photoelectrons of
maximum kinetic energy K are ejected. If the frequency of the radiation is doubled, the maximum kinetic
energy of the ejected photoelectrons will be
1) K 2) K + h 
3) K + E0 4) 2K
Sol : K  E  W  hv  Eo and K 1  h 2v  Eo
  hv  E0   hv ; K 1  K  hv
Key : 2
135. The threshold wavelength for photoelectric emission from a material is 5200 Å. Photo-electrons will be
emitted when this material is illuminated with monochromatic radiation from a

1) 50 watt infrared lamp

2) 1 watt infrared lamp
3) 50 watt ultraviolet lamp
4) 1 watt orange lamp
Sol : In this case, for photoelectric emission the wavelength of incident radiations must be less than 5200Å.
Wavelength of ultraviolet radiations is less then this value (5200 Å) but wavelengths of orange and
infrared radiations are higher than this value.
Key :3
136. When monochromatic radiation of intensity I falls on a metal surface, the number of photoelectrons and
their maximum kinetic energy are N and T respectively. If the intensity of radiation is 2I, the number of
emitted electrons and their maximum kinetic energy are respectively
1) N and 2T 2) 2N and T
3) 2N and 2T 4) N and T
Sol : Number of photoelectrons  Intensity
When I is doubled, N will also be doubled.
Maximum kinetic energy is independent of intensity
Hence number of emitted electrons is 2N and maximum KE is T.
Key :2
137. Two identical metal plates show photoelectric effect by a light of wavelength A falling on plate A and
B on plate B   A  2B  . The maximum kinetic energy is
1) 2 K A  K B 2) K A  K B / 2
3) K A  2 K B 4) K A  K B / 2
hc hc
Sol :  W0  K max   W0  K A ………… (i)
 A
hc
and  W0  K B ……….. (ii)
B
1 1
Subtracting (i) from (ii), hc     K B  K A
 B A 
1 1 
 hc     KB  K A
 B 2B 
hc
  KB  KA ……………(iii)
2 B
From (ii) and (iii), 2K B  2K A  W0  K B
 2K A  K B  W0
K W K
 K A  B  0 which gives  K A  B
2 2 2
Key : 2
138 The figure shows a plot of photocurrent versus anode potential for a photo sensitive surface for three
different radiations. Which one of the following is a correct statement?
 (1) Curves a and b represent incident radiation of different frequencies and different intensities
(2) Curves a and b represent incident radiations of same frequency but of different intensities
(3) Curves b and c represent incident radiations of different frequencies and different intensities
(4) Curves b and c represent incident radiations of same frequency having same intensity
Sol: Curves A and B represents incident radiations of same frequency but of different intensities, stopping
potential depends on frequency, current depends on intensities
Key : 2
139. Light of wavelength A and B fall on two identical metal plates A and B respectively. The maximum
kinetic energy of photoelectrons is K A and K B respectively, then one of the following relations is true?
  A  2 B 
KB
1) K A  2) 2K A  K B
2
3) K A  2K B 4) K A  2K B
hc hc
Sol : KA  W   KA W
A A
2hc  A 
KB 
A
W  B  2 
 
K B  2K A  W
KB
K B  2K A 2K A  K B  K A 
2
Key : 1
140. A silver ball of radius 4.8 cm is suspended by a thread in the vacuum chamber. UV light of wavelength
200 nm is incident on the ball for some time during which a total energy of 1  10–7J falls on the surface.
Assuming on an average one out of 103 photons incident is able to eject electron. The potential on sphere
will be
a)1V b)2 V c)3 V d) Zero
E 1  10 7  200  10 9
Sol : n   34 8
 1  10 11
hc 6 . 6  10  3  10
10 11
Number of electrons ejected n  3
 10 8
10
1 ne 9 109 108 1.6 1019
V   3V
4 0 r 4.8 102
Key : 3
141. The electric filed in an electromagnetic wave is represented by E  10sin(2  1015 t ) Vm 1 . If this
electromagnetic radiation falls on a metal with a work function 1.6 eV, the maximum kinetic energy of
the photoelectrons emitted nearly
a) 2.5 eV b) 1.4 eV
c) 0.8 eV d) 4.1 eV
Sol : E  10 sin  2  10 t  v / m
15
 E  E0 sin  t 
   2  2 1015    1015 Hz
6.62  1034 1015
use KE  h     1.6
1.62  1019
KEmax  4.09  1.6  2.49ev  2.5ev
Key : 1

142. When a light of wavelength  and photon energy 2 eV falls on a metal surface, electrons are emitted with
maximum speed v. If the wavelength is decreased by 25 % the maximum speed of the emitted electron
becomes 2v. The work function of the metal surface is
a) 2.4 eV b) 1.78 eV
c) 4.2 eV d) 3.6 eV
hc
Sol :  2eV

3
When  decreased by 25% then  '  
4
hc 4 hc 8
  eV
' 3  3
hc
KE  W

1 2
mv  2  W ......(i)
2
1 8
m 4v 2   W ......(ii)
2 3
 (i ) / (ii)
1 2 W 6  3W 16
   8  3W  24  12W  9W  16  W   1.78ev
4 8  3W 8  3W 9
3
Key : 2
143. If the wavelength of the incident radiation changes from 1 to 2 , then the maximum kinetic energy of
the emitted photo electrons changes from K1 to K 2 , then the work function of the emitter surface is
 K  K  K  2 K1
a) 1 1 2 2 b) 1 2
2  1 1  2
K 2  K1 2  1
c) d)
1 K1  2 K 2 2 K1  1 K 2
hc
Sol : Max KE , K  W

hc hc
K1  W   K1  W .......(i)
1 1
hc hc
K2  W   K 2  W .......(ii )
2 2
Equ.(i ) / (ii )
2 K1  W

1 K 2  W
K 2 2  W 2  K11  W 1
W (2  1 )  K11  K 22
K11  K 2 2
W
2  1
Key : 1
144. When radiation of wavelength  is incident on a metallic surface, the stopping potential is 4.8 volts. If
the same surface is illuminated with radiation of double the wavelength, then the stopping potential
 becomes 1.6 volts. Then the threshold wavelength for the surface is
1) 2 2) 4
3) 6 4) 8
Sol : 4.8×e=hc/λ−ϕ−−−−−−−−−1)
1.6×e=hc/2λ−ϕ−−−−−−2)
From 1 and 2
so, 3(hc/2λ−ϕ)= hc/λ−ϕ
3hc/2λ−3ϕ=hc/λ−ϕ
hc/2λ=2ϕ
hc/ λT=hc/4λ=ϕ
So, threshold wavelength is 4λ.
Hence, the answer is (2).
Key : 2
145. The figure shows stopping potential V0 and frequency v for two different metallic surfaces A and B. The
work function of A, as compared to that of B is

1) less 2) more
3) equal 4) nothing can be said
Sol : From the given graph it is clear that if we extend the given graph for A and B, intercept of
the line A on V axis will be smaller as compared to line B means work function of A is
smaller than that of B.
Key : 1
146. What retarding potential is necessary to stop the emission of photoelectrons, if the work function of the
target material is 1.24eV and wavelength of incident light is 436 nm ? (Take hc = 1240 eV nm)
1) 1.6 V 2) 1.2 V 3) 2.8 V 4) 13.2 V
hc
E  hn 
Sol : Energy of photon, 
1240eV nm
E  2.84eV
or 436 nm
According to Einstein equation for photoelectric effect
K max  hu  0  2.84  1.24  1.6eV
In terms of stopping potential
K max  eVS ; 1.6eV  eVs , ir VS  1.6V

Key : 1
147. A metallic surface is irradiated by a monochromatic light of frequency and stopping potential is found to
be V1. If the light of frequency irradiates the surface, the stopping potential will be
h h
V1  1  2  V1  2  1 
1) e 2) e
e h
V1  2  1  V1  1  2 
3) h 4) e
1
K max  mv 2  eVS
Sol : Maximum kinetic energy 2
Where Vs is the stopping potential.
According to Einstein’s photoelectric effect
hv1  0  eV1 ---(i)
hv2  0  eV2 -----(ii)
 h  v1  v2   e V1  V2 
h h
 v1  v2   V1  V2 V2  V1   v2  v1 
e or e
Key : 2
148. A surface irradiated with light of wavelength 480 nm gives out electrons with maximum velocity v m/s,
the cut off wavelength being 600 nm. The same surface would release electrons with maximum velocity
2v m/s if it is irradiated by light of wavelength
1) 325 nm 2) 360 nm
3) 384 nm 4) 300 nm
1 2 1 1 
mv  hc   
Sol : 2   0  ---- ( i)
1 2 1 1 
m  2v   hc   
2   0 
------ ( ii)
Divide ( i) by (ii) , we get
1 1
 1 1
1  0 
 1 480 600

4 1 1 4 1 1

 0 or  600
Solving for  we get
  300 nm
Key : 4
149. In a photoelectric experiment. the graph of frequency of incident light (in HZ) and stopping potential V
(in Volt) is as shown in the figure. from figure, the value of the planck’s constant is (e is the elementary
V(volt)
a

b
c

  Hz 
charge)
ab cb ac ac
e e e e
1) cb 2) ab 3) bc 4) ab
h
Sol : Slope = e’
------ ( i)
From the graph in the question
ab
Slope = bc ----- ( ii)
from ( i) and (ii) we get
ab
he
bc
Key : 1
150. The figure shows the variation of photocurrent with anode potential for a photo- sensitive surface for
three different radiations. Let I a , I b and I c and be the intensities and a ,b and c be the frequencies
for the curves a, b and c respectively Then
Photocurrent

c
b a

O Anode potential
a  b I  I
1) and a b
 
2) a c and I a  Ic


3) a  b and I a  Ib
 4) b  c and Ib  Ic
Sol : From the graph, we note that the saturation
current is same for curves b and c but different for curve a. Therefore, intensities of b and c will be
equal but different from that of a i.e. I a  Ib but
Ib  I c
As stopping potential is same for curves a
and b, hence . a  b Thus answer (1) is correct
Key : 1
151. Two photons of energies twice and thrice the work function of a metal surface. Then the ratio of
maximum velocities of the photoelectrons emitted in the two cases respectively is
1) 2 :1 2) 3 :3
3) 3: 2 4) 1 : 2
Sol : Let 0 be the work function of a metal surface
Given : E1  20 and E2  30
According to Einsten’s photoelectric equation
Incident energy = Work function + Maximum kinetic energy of an emitted electrons
 E1  0  K max ------------ (i)and
1

E    K
and 2 0 max ---------- (ii)2

or K max  E1  0 ---------- (iii)

1

and K max  E2  0 -------- (iv)

2

Divide ( iii) by (iv) , we get

K max1 20  0 1
 
K max 2 30  0 2
2
vmax 1 vmax1 1
2
1
 
vmax 2 vmax 2 2
or 2
or
Key : 4
152. The electron in the hydrogen atom jumps from excited state ( n = 3) to its ground state ( n = 1) and the
photons thus emitted irradiate a photosensitive material. If the work function of the material is 5.1 eV,
13.6
the stopping potential is estimated to be ( the energy of the electron in nth state En   2 eV)
n
1) 5.1 V 2) 12.1 V
3) 17.2 V 4) 7V
Sol : Energy released when electron in the atom jumps from excited state ( n = 3) to ground state ( n = 1) is

13.6  13.6 
E  h  E3  E1   2 
32  1 
13.6
  13.6  12.1eV
9
Therefore, stopping potential
eVs  h  0 = 12.1 - 5.1;

[ Work function 0  5.1 ev]

Key : 4
153. Photons with energy 5eV are incident on a cathode C in a photoelectric cell. The maximum energy of
emitted photoelectrons is 2eV. When photons of energy 6eV are incident on C, no photoelectrons will
reach the anode A, if the stopping potential of A relative to C is
1) - 1 V 2) - 3V 3) + 3V 4) + 4V
1 2
eVs  mvmax  hv  0
Sol : 2
2  5  0  0  3eV
In second case
eVs  6  3  3eV  Vs  3V
VAC  3V
Key : 2
154. A photosensitive metallic surface is illuminated alternately with lights of wavelength 3100 Å and 6200
Å. It is observed that maximum speeds of the photoelectrons in two cases are in ratio 2: 1. The work
Function of the metal is (hc = 12400 eVÅ)
(1) 1 eV (2) 2 eV
4 2
(3) eV (4) eV
3 3
1
Sol : m  (2V ) 2  (4eV )   … (1)
2
1
m(V ) 2  (2eV )   … (2)
2
Solving equations (1) and (2)
1
4. mv 2
2 4ev   4
 ;   eV
1 2 2ev   3
mv
2
Key : 3
155. If the light of wavelength  is incident on metal surface, the ejected fastest electron has speed v . If the
3
wavelength is changed to , the speed of the fastest emitted electron will be
4
4 4
1) smaller than v 2) greater than v
3 3
3) 2v 4) zero
hc 1 2
Sol :  w  mv ..............(1)
 2
4hc 1
 w  mv12 ...................(2)
3 2
4v2 2w
From 1 and 2 v1  
3 3m
4
v1  
3
Key : 2
156. The stopping potential (V0)-frequency (v) graph for a given emitter surface is given. The threshold
wavelength is
2V

( V0 )
1V
5 6 7 8

( V x 1014 HZ)
1) 4500A0 2) 6000A0 3) 5000 A0
4) cannot be estimated from given data
hc c
Sol : Vo  5 x1014 ; W   ho ; o 
o o
3 108
  6000 A0
5 1014
Key : 2
157. When a piece of metal is illuminated by a monochromatic light of wavelength  , then stopping potential
is 3Vs. When same surface is illuminated by light of wavelength 2  , the stopping potential becomes Vs.
The value of threshold wavelength for photoelectric
effect is
4
1) 4  2) 8  3)  4) 6 
3
1 1 
Sol : 3eVs  hc           (1)
  0 
 1 1
And eVs  hc             (2)
 2 0 
1 1

 0 (   )2
3  o
1 1 o  2

2 o
3o  6  2o  2 ; 0  4
Key : 1
158. Light of two different frequencies whose photons have energies 1 eV and 2.5 eV respectively illuminate
to same metallic surface of work function 0.5 eV. Ratio of maximum speeds of emitted electrons will be
1) 1:4 2) 1:2 3) 1:1 4) 1:5
1 2
Sol : mv  E  Wo
2
v1 E1  Wo

v2 E2  Wo
1  0.5 0.5 1 1
  
2.5  0.5 2 4 2
Key :2
159. A photon of energy h is absorbed by a free electron of a metal having work function   h
1) The electron is sure to come out
2) The electron is sure to come out with a kinetic energy h  
3) Either the electron doesn’t come out or it come out with a kinetic energy h  
4) It may come out with kinetic energy less than h  
Sol : It may come out with kinetic energy less than h  
Key :4
160. The graph between 1/  and stopping potential (V) of three metals having work functions 1 , 2 and 3
in an experiment of photoelectric effect is plotted as shown in the figure. Which of the following
statement (s) is/are correct ? (Here  is the wavelength of the incident ray).

i) Ratio of work functions 1 : 2 : 3  1: 2 : 4

ii) Ratio of work function 1 : 2 : 3  4 : 2 :1
iii) tan  is directly proportional to hc/e, where h is planck’s constant and c is the speed of light
iv) The violet colour light can eject photoelectrons form metal 2 and 3.
1) i, iii 2) i, ii 3) ii, iv 4) iii, iv
Sol : From the relation,
 hc  hc  1  
eV    or V     
  e    e
This is equation of straight line.
hc
Slope is tan  
e
hc hc hc
1 : 2 : 3  : :  1: 2 : 4
01 02 03
1 0
 0.001nm1 or 01  10000 A
01
1 0
 0.002nm 1 or 02  5000 A
02
1 0
 0.004nm 1 or 03  25000 A
03
0
Violet colour has wavelength 4000 A .
So, violet colour can eject photoelectrons from metal – 1 and metal -2
Key : 1
161. Electrons with de-Broglie wavelength  fall on the target in an X-ray tube. The cut-off wavelength of the
emitted X-rays is :-

h h
Sol : 
p 2 mKE
h2 2 mc 2
 EK  , 0 
2 m 2 h
Key : 1
162. The wavelength of most energetic X-rays emitted when a metal target is bombarded by 40 keV electrons,
is approximately:-
(1) 300 Å (2) 10 Å
(3) 4 Å (4) 0.31 Å
0 12400
Sol :   A  
  E (ev)
Key : 4
163. The dependence of the short wavelength limit min on the accelerating potential V is represented by the
curve of figure
B
log min

A
C
logV
1) A 2) B 3) C 4) None of these
hc hc 1
Sol : K max  h  h 0   i.e. graph between Kmax and will be straight line having slope (hc) and
 0 
hc
intercept on – KE axis
0
Key : 1
164. The graph that correctly represents the relation of frequency  of a particular characteristic X-ray with the
atomic number Z of the material is
  

Z Z
1) I 2) I
 

Z Z
3) I 4) I

Sol : By Moseley’s law,   a( Z  b ) or,   a 2 (Z  b )2

Comparing with the equation of a parabola, y 2  4 ax it conforms to graph c.
Key : 3
165. X - rays are diffracted from a crystal of lattice plane spacing 2A0. The maximum wavelength that can be
diffracted is
1) 1A0 2) 2A0 3) 2.5A0 4) 4A0
Sol : According to Bragg’s formula
2d sin    and d  2 A0

for maximum wavelength max  2d

max  4A0
Key : 4
166. Electrons with de Broglie wavelength fall on the target in an X- ray tube. The cut-off wavelength of the
emitted X - rays is
2mc 2 2h
0  0 
1) h 2) mc
2m 2 c 2  3
0   
3) h2 4) 0
Sol : Let K be the kinetic of the incident electron. Its linear momentum p  2mk The de Broglie wavelength is
h h h2
  K
related to the linear momentum as or p 2mk 2 m 2
The cut -off wavelength of the emitted X- ray is related to the kinetic energy of incident electron
as
hc h2 2mc 2
K  2
 0 
0 2m h
Key : 1
167. There are two sources of light each emitting with a power of 100W. One emits X-rays of wavelength
1nm and the other visible light at 500nm. The ratio of number of photons of X-rays to the photons of
visible light of the given wavelength
1) 1 : 50 2) 1 : 5000 3) 1 : 54) 1 : 500
Sol : Let wavelength X-rays - 1 ; wavelength of visible light  2
Here power and hence E is const.
E hc hc
 P  n1  n2
t 1 2
n n n  1
 1 2 1  1 
1 2 n2 2 500
Key : 4
168. When a beam of accelerated electrons hits a target a continuous X-ray spectrum is emitted from the
target. Which of the following wavelengths is absent in X-ray spectrum, if the X-ray tube is operating at
40,000 volts
0 0 0 0
1) 1.5 A 2) 1.0 A 3) 0.5 A 4) 0.25 A
 hc 12400 1.24 0
Sol : min    0.31A
eV 40000 4
0
 Wavelength less than 0.31 A is absent
Key : 4
169. If an X-ray spectrum is formed due to transition of an electron from an outer shell to an inner shell and if
we consider the spectral lines K  , L and M  , then
1) K  and L have a common inner shell
2) K  and L have a common outer shell
3) L and M  have a common outer shell
4) L and M  have a common inner shell
Sol : L is transition from N to L
M  is transition from N to M
In both of them, the outer shell is same.
Key : 3