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Class 12 - Mathematics
Sample Paper - 03 (2024-25)

Maximum Marks: 80
Time Allowed: : 3 hours

General Instructions:

i. This Question paper contains 38 questions. All questions are compulsory.

ii. This Question paper is divided into five Sections - A, B, C, D and E.
iii. In Section A, Questions no. 1 to 18 are multiple choice questions (MCQs) and Questions no. 19 and 20 are Assertion-
Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
iv. In Section B, Questions no. 21 to 25 are Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions, carrying 2 marks each.
v. In Section C, Questions no. 26 to 31 are Short Answer (SA)-type questions, carrying 3 marks each.
vi. In Section D, Questions no. 32 to 35 are Long Answer (LA)-type questions, carrying 5 marks each.
vii. In Section E, Questions no. 36 to 38 are Case study-based questions, carrying 4 marks each.
viii. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in 2 questions in Section B, 3 questions in Section
C, 2 questions in Section D and one subpart each in 2 questions of Section E.
ix. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Section A

{
1, when i ≠ j
1. If A = [aij] is a square matrix of order 2 such that aij = 2
0, when i = j , then A is

a)
[ 1
1
0
0 ]
[ ]
1 0
b)
0 1

[ ]
1 1
c)
1 0

[ ]
1 1
d)
0 0

| |
6 0 −1
2. The value of the determinant 2 1 4 is
1 1 3

a) 10
b) -7
c) 7
d) 8

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| |
x+y y+z z+x
3. The value of z x y is
1 1 1

a) 1
b) x + y + z
c) 2(x + y + z)
d) 0

| |
2 7 1
4. The value of the determinant 1 1 1 is:
10 8 1

a) 49
b) -51
c) -79
d) 47

x+1 y+1 z+1 x−3 y−5 z−7

5. Find the shortest distance between the lines 7
= −6
= 1
and 1
= −2
= 1

a) 2√31
b) 2√27
c) 2√23
d) 2√29

dy
6. The solution of x 2 + y 2 = 4, is
dx

a) x3 + y3 = 12x + C
b) x3 + y3 = 3x + C
c) x2 + y2 = 12x + C
d) x2 + y2 = 3x + C

7. A Linear Programming Problem is as follows:

Maximize/Minimize objective function Z = 2x - y + 5
Subject to the constraints
3x + 4y ≤ 60
x + 3y ≤ 30
x ≤ 0, y ≥ 0
In the corner points of the feasible region are A(0, 10), B(12, 6), C(20, 0) and O(0,0), then which of the following is
true?

a) Minimum value of Z is -5
b) At two corner points, value of Z are equal
c) Maximum value of Z is 40
d) Difference of maximum and minimum values of Z is 35

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8. The value of p for which the vectors 2î + pĵ + k̂ and − 4î − 6ĵ + 26k̂ are perpendicular to each other, is:

17
a) − 3
b) 3
c) -3
17
d) 3

2
9. The primitive of is
1 + cos 2x

a) 2 sec2 x tan x
b) sec2 x
c) -cot x
d) tan x

10. If [ ]
2
5
0
4
= P + Q, where P is a symmetric and Q is a skew symmetric matrix, then Q is equal to

[ ]
5
0 2
a) 5
−2 0

[ ]
5
2 2
b) 5
2
4

[ ]
5
2 −2
c) 5
2
4

[ ]
5
0 −
2
d) 5
0
2

11. In linear programming, optimal solution

a) satisfies all the constraints only

b) maximizes the objective function only
c) is not unique
d) satisfies all the constraints as well as the objective function

12. For what value of λ, the projection of vector î + λĵ on vector î − ĵ is √2?

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a) 3
b) 0
c) 1
d) -1

13. If |A| ≠ 0 which of the following is not true?

a) A 1 = | A | 1

( )
b) A ′
−1
( )
= A −1
′

c) A − 1 = | A | −1

d) (A2)-1 = (A-1)2

4 3
14. The probability that A speaks the truth is 5
and that of B speaking the truth is 4 . The probability that they contradict
each other in stating the same fact is:

4
a) 5
1
b) 5
3
c)
20
7
d)
20

15. The general solution of the DE (1 + x2)dy - xydx = 0 is

a) 2y2 = C(1 - x2)

b) y2 = C(1 + x2)
c) y = C(1 + x2)

√
d) y 1 + x 2 = C

16. If | →
a | = 4 and − 3 ≤ λ ≤ 2, then the range of | λ→
a | is

a) [0, 12]
b) [0, 8]
c) [8, 12]
d) [-12, 8]
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{
3x + 5, x≥2
17. The value of k for which f(x) = 2 is a continuous function, is:
kx , x<2

11
a)
4
4
b)
11

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11
c) − 4
d) 11

18. If the direction ratios of a line are proportional to 1, - 3, 2, then its direction cosines are

1 2 3
a) , ,
√14 √14 √14
1 2 3
b) − , − , −
√14 √14 √14
1 3 2
c) , − ,
√14 √14 √14
1 3 2
d) − , ,
√14 √14 √14

19. Assertion (A): If 3 ≤ x ≤ 10 and 5 ≤ y ≤ 15, then minimum value of () x

y
is 2.

Reason (R): If 3 ≤ x ≤ 10 and 5 ≤ y ≤ 15, then minimum value of

()
x
y
1
is 5 .

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.

20. If R is the relation in the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} given by R = {{a, b) : |a - b| is even},

Assertion (A): R is an equivalence relation.
Reason (R): All elements of {1, 3, 5} are related to all elements of {2, 4}.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
Section B

21. Using the principal values, write the value of cos − 1 ()

1
2
+ 2sin − 1 ()
1
2
.

OR

2
Find the principal value of sec − 1 and sec-1(-2).
√3

22. The total cost C(x) associated with provision of free mid-day meals to x students of a school in primary classes is given
by C(x) = 0.005x3 - 0.02x2 + 30x + 50.
dC
If the marginal cost is given by rate of change of total cost, then write the marginal cost of food for 300 students.
dx
What value is shown here?

23. If f(x) = x3 + ax2 + bx + c has a maximum at x = -1 and minimum at x = 3. determine a, b and c.

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OR

The volume of a cube is increasing at the rate of 7 cm3 /sec. How fast is its surface area increasing at the instant when
the length of an edge of the cube is 12 cm?

2x 2 + 1
24. Find: ∫ dx
(
x2 x2 + 4 )
x 3
25. Show that the function f(x) = + decreases in the intervals (-3, 0) ∪ (0, 3).
3 x

Section C

x
26. Evaluate: ∫ π0 / 2 dx
sin x + cos x

27. A card from a pack of 52 cards is lost. From the remaining cards of the pack, two cards are drawn randomly one-by-one
without replacement and are found to be both kings. Find the probability of the lost card being a king.

x2
28. Evaluate: ∫ dx.
( x2 + 4 )( x 2 + 25 )
OR

( 2x − 1 )
Evaluate: ∫ (x−1) (x+2) (x−3)
dx.

dy 1
29. Find the particular solution of the differential equation x dx + y + = 0, given that y(1) = 0.
1 + x2

OR

dy
Find the particular solution of the following differential equation, given that x = 2, y = 1 x + 2y = x 2, (x ≠ 0).
dx

30. Solve the Linear Programming Problem graphically:

Maximize Z = 7x + 10y Subject to
x + y ≤ 30000
y ≤ 12000
x ≥ 6000
x ≥ y
x, y ≥ 0

OR

Solve the following problem graphically:

Minimise or Maximise Z = 3x + 9y subject to the constraints:
x + 3y ≤ 60
x + y ≥ 10
x≤y
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

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dy
31. If y = (sin x)x + sin-1√x, then find dx
..

Section D

32. Find the area bounded by the curve y -x|x|, x-axis and the ordinates x = - 3 and x = 3. Find the equation of the curve?

33. Let A be the set of all human beings in a town at a particular time. Determine whether each of the following relations are
reflexive, symmetric and transitive:

i. R = {(x, y): x is wife of y}

ii. R = {(x, y): x is father of y}

OR

x
Show that the function f : R → {x ∈ R : − 1 < x < 1} defined by f(x) = ,x ∈ R is one-one and onto function.
1+ |x|

[ ]
1 3 4
34. If A = 2 1 2 , Find A-1. Hence solve the system of equations x + 3y + 4z = 8, 2x + y + 2x = 5 and 5x + y + z = 7
5 1 1

35. Find the equations of the line passing through the point (3, 0, 1) and parallel to the planes x + 2y = 0 and 3y - z = 0.

OR

→
Find the distance of the point (-1,-5,-10) from the point of intersection of the line r = (2î − ĵ + 2k̂) + λ(3î + 4ĵ + 2k̂) and
the plane →r ⋅
( î − ĵ + k̂ ) = 5.
Section E

36. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow:
There are two antiaircraft guns, named as A and B. The probabilities that the shell fired from them hits an airplane are
0.3 and 0.2 respectively. Both of them fired one shell at an airplane at the same time.

i. How is Bayes' theorem different from conditional probability? (1)

ii. Write the rule of Total Probability. (1)
iii. What is the probability that the shell fired from exactly one of them hit the plane? (2)
OR
If it is know that the shell fired from exactly one of them hit the plane, then what is the probability that it was fired
from B? (2)

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37. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Renu purchased an air plant holder which is in the shape of a tetrahedron.
Let A, B, C and D are the coordinates of the air plant holder where A ≡ (1, 1, 1), B ≡ (2, 1, 3), C ≡ (3, 2, 2) and D
≡ (3, 3, 4).

→
i. Find the position vector of AB (1)
→
ii. Find the position vector of AD. (1)
iii. Find area of △ABC (2)
OR
→
Find the unit vector along AD (2)

38. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow:
In order to set up a rain water harvesting system, a tank to collect rain water is to be dug. The tank should have a square
base and a capacity of 250 m3. The cost of land is ₹ 5,000 per square metre and cost of digging increases with depth and
for the whole tank, it is ₹ 40,000 h2, where h is the depth of the tank in metres. x is the side of the square base of the tank
in metres.
ELEMENTS OF A TYPICAL RAIN WATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

i. Find the total cost C of digging the tank in terms of x. (1)

dC
ii. Find dx
. (1)
iii. Find the value of x for which cost C is minimum. (2)
OR
Check whether the cost function C(x) expressed in terms of x is increasing or not, where x > 0. (2)
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Class 12 - Mathematics
Sample Paper - 03 (2024-25)

Solution

Section A

[ ]
1 0
1. (b)
0 1
Explanation:

[ ]1
0
0
1

2. (b) -7
Explanation:

-7

| |
6 0 −1
2 1 4
1 1 3

=6(3-4) -0(6-4)+(-1)( 2-1)

= 6 (-1) +0+ (-1)
= -6 -1
=-7

3. (d) 0
Explanation:

4. (d) 47
Explanation:

47

| |
2 7 1
1 1 1
10 8 1
= 2(1-8)-7(1-10)+1(8-10)
= 2(-7) - 7(-9) +1(-2)
= -14 +63-2
= -16 +63
= 47

5. (d) 2√29
Explanation:

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On comparing the given equations with:
x − x1 y − y1 z − z1 x − x2 y − y2 z − z2
in the Cartesian form two lines = = and = =
a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2
We get;
x 1 = − 1, y 1 = − 1, z 1 = − 1; a 1 = 7, b 1 = − 6, c 1 = 1 and x 2 = 3, y 2 = 5, z 2 = 7; a 2 = 1, b 2 = − 2, c 2 = 1
now, the shortest distance the line is given by:

| |
x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1
a1 b1 c1
a2 b2 c2

S. D. =
2
+ ( c 1a 2 − c 2a 1 ) 2 + ( a 1b 2 − a 2b 1 ) 2
√(b c −b c )
1 2 2 1

| |
3 − ( − 1) 5 − ( − 1) 7 − ( − 1)
1
S. D. = 7 −6 1
√116 1 −2 1

| |
4 6 8
1
= 7 −6 1
√116 1 − 2 1
1
= [ − 16 − 36 − 64]
√116
1
= |− 116| = √116 = 2√29
√116

6. (a) x3 + y3 = 12x + C
Explanation:

We have ,

dy
x2 + y2 =4
dx
dy
y2 = 4 − x2
dx

(
y 2dy = 4 − x 2 dx )
⇒
(
∫ y 2dy = ∫ 4 − x 2 dx )
y3 x3
⇒
3
= 4x − 3
+C

⇒ y3 + 12x - x3 + C
⇒ x3 + y3 = 12x + C

7. (a) Minimum value of Z is -5

Explanation:
Corner points Value of Z = 2x - y + 5
A(0, 10) Z = 2(0) - 10 + 5 = -5 (Minimum)

B(12, 6) Z = 2(12) - 6 + 5 = 23
C(20, 0) Z = 2(20) - 0 + 5 = 45 (Maximum)

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O(0, 0) Z = 0(0) - 0 + 5 = 5

So the minimum value of Z is -5.

8. (b) 3
Explanation:

9. (d) tan x
Explanation:

tan x

[ ]
5
0 −
2
10. (d) 5
0
2

Explanation:

[ ]
5
0 −
2
5
0
2

11. (d) satisfies all the constraints as well as the objective function
Explanation:

In linear programming, any point in the feasible region which gives that gives the optimal value (maximum or minimum)
of the objective function is called optimal solution. In other words, it satisfies all the constraints as well as the objective
function.

12. (d) -1
Explanation:

-1

13. (c) A − 1 = | A | −1

Explanation:

A −1 = | A | −1

7
14. (d)
20
Explanation:

7
20

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15. (b) y2 = C(1 + x2)

Explanation:

Here, (1 + x2)dy - xydx = 0

dy x
= dx
y 1 + x2

Let 1 + x2 = t
2x dx = dt
dy dt
=
y 2t
On integrating on both sides we
log t
logy = 2
+c
2 log y = log t + C
log y2 = log t + C
y2 = (1 + x2)C
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16. (a) [0, 12]

Explanation:

→
Given that, | a | = 4 and − 3 ≤ λ ≤ 2
→ →
We know that, | λ a | = | λ | | a |
→ →
⇒ | λ a | = | − 3 | | a | = 3.4 = 12 at λ = − 3
→ →
⇒ | λ a | = | 0 | | a | = 0.4 = 0 at λ = 0
⇒ | λ→
a | = |2| |→
a | = 2.4 = 8 at λ = 2
→
Hence, the range of | λ a | is [0, 12].

11
17. (a)
4
Explanation:

11
4

1 3 2
18. (c) , − ,
√14 √14 √14
Explanation:

1 3 2
, − ,
√14 √14 √14
The direction ratios of the line are proportional to 1, -3, 2
∴ The direction cosines of the line are
1 −3 2
2 2 2
, 2 2 2
, 2
√1 + ( −3) +2 √1 + ( −3) +2 √1 + ( − 3 )2 + 22
1 −3 2
= , ,
√14 √14 √14

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19. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:

x
For maximum value of , we take maximum value of x and minimum value of y,
y

i.e., Maximum value of

() x
y
=
10
5
=2

Similarly, minimum value of () x

y
=
3
15
=
1
5

20. (c) A is true but R is false.

Explanation:

Assertion: Given that, A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5},

R = {(a, b) : |a - b| is even}
Let a ∈ A ⇒ |a - a| = 0 (which is even), ∀a
So, R is reflexive.
Let (a, b) ∈ R ⇒ |a - b| is even.
⇒ |a - b| = |-(b - a)| = |b - a|, therefore |b - a| is also even.

⇒ (b, a) ∈ R. So, R is symmetric.

Now, let (a, b) ∈ R and (b, c) ∈ R.
⇒ | a − b | is even and |b - c| is even.
⇒ (a − b) is even and (b - c) is even.
⇒ (a - c) = (a - b) + (b - c) is even
[ ∵ sum of two even integers is even]
⇒ | a − c | is even ⇒ (a, c) ∈ R.
So, R is transitive.
Hence, R is an equivalence relation.
Reason: Also, no element of the {1, 3, 5} can be related to any element of {2, 4}, as all elements of {1, 3, 5} are odd
and all elements of {2, 4} are even.
So, the modulus of the difference between the two elements (from each of these two subsets) will not be even.
Hence Reason is not correct.

Section B

21. We have, cos-1 () 1

2
= cos-1 cos 3 ( ) π

=
π
3 [ ∵
π
3
∈ [0, π] ]
Also sin-1 − ( ) 1
2
= sin-1 (-sin )
π
6

( ( ))
= sin-1 sin −
π
6

=-
π
6 [ ∵
[ ]]
−
π
6
∈ − ,
π π
2 2

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π
cos-1
π
() 1
2
2π
( ) ( )
1
- 2sin-1 − 2
π
= 3- 2 − 6
π

= 3
+ 3
= 3

OR

Since sec-1 : R - (-1, 1) → [0, π] − {} π

2
is a bijection. Therefore, sec-1 x represents an angle in [0, π] − {}
π
2
whose

secant is x. Thus,

i. sec − 1
() (√3
2
= An angle θ ∈ [0, π] −
{} π
2
such that secθ =
2

√3 ) =
π
6

ii. sec-1(-2) =
( An angle θ ∈ [0, π] −
{}
π
2
such that secθ = − 2
) =
2π
3

22. Given, C(x) = 0.005x3 - 0.02x2 + 30x + 50

On differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get

( )
dC
= 0.005 3x 2 − 0.02(2x) + 30
dx

= 0.015x2 - 0.04x + 30
On putting x = 300, we get
dC
= 0.015(300) 2 − 0.04(300) + 30
dx
= 1350 - 12 + 30 = 1368
Therefore,the marginal cost of food for 300 students is Rs 1368.
By providing free mid-day meals to the students of primary classes, care and concern is shown towards their health and
nutritional status.

23. Consider the function

f(x) = x3 + ax2 + bx + c
Then f'(x) = 3x2 + 2ax + b
It is given that f(x) is maximum at x = -1.
∵ f'( -1) = 3( -1)2 + 2a( -1) + b = 0
⇒ f'(-1) = 3 -2a + b = 0 ....(1)
It is given that f(x) is minimum at x = 3
∵f'(3) = 3(3)2 + 2a(3) + b = 0
⇒ f'(3) = 27 + 6a + b = 0 ....(2)

Solving equations(1) and (2), we have

a = -3 and b = - 9
Since f'(x) is independent of constant c, it can be any real number.

OR

At any instant t, let the length of each edge of the cube be x, V be its volume and S be its surface area. Then,
dV
= 7 cm3 / sec ... (given) ... (i)
dt

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dV dV dx
Now, V = x3 ⇒ = ⋅
dt dx dt

(x )
d dx
3
⇒ 7= ⋅ .... [ ∵ V = x3]
dx dt
dx
⇒ 3x 2 ⋅ =7
dt
dx 7
⇒ =
dt 3x 2
dS dS dx
∴ S = 6x2 ⇒ = ⋅
dt dx dt
d 7
=
dx (6x ) 2 ⋅
3x 2

(
= 12x ×
3x
7
2
) =
28
x

⇒
[ ] dS
dt
x = 12
= ( ) 28
12
cm2 /sec = 2 3 cm 2 / sec
1

1
Hence, the surface area of the cube is increasing at the rate of 2 cm 2 / sec at the instant when its edge is 12 cm.
3

2x 2 + 1
24. I = ∫ dx
(
x2 x2 + 4 )
2x 2 + 1 2y + 1
Let = y(y+4)
, where x2 = y
x2 ( x2 + 4 )
2y + 1 A B
Put = +
y(y+4) y y+4
⇒ 2y + 1 = A(y + 4) + By
1 7
⇒ A= ,B=
4 4
2y + 1 1 7 1 7
∴ = + = +
y(y+4) 4y 4(y+4) 4x 2
(
4 x2 + 4 )
1 1 7 1
⇒ I= ∫ dx + ∫ dx
4 x2 4 x2 + 4

1
= − 4x + 8 tan-1
7
() x
2
+C

1 3
25. f(x) = −
3 x2
1 3
for decreasing f ′(x) < 0 ⇒ − <0
3 x2

⇒ x2 < 9 ⇒ -3 < x < 3

since, f(x) is not defined at x = 0
so f(x) decreasing in (-3, 0) ∪ (0, 3)

Section C

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π/2 x
26. Let I = ∫ 0 dx ...(i)
sin x + cos x
π
2 −x
π/2
⇒ I = ∫0 dx
sin
( ) ( )
π
2
−x + cos
π
2
−x

a a
By using property of definite integrals,∫ 0f(x)dx = ∫ 0f(a − x)dx, we get
π
2
−x
π/2
I = ∫0 dx ...(ii)
cos x + sin x
Adding (i) and (ii), we get
π
x+ 2 −x π π/2 1
π/2
2I = ∫ 0 dx = ∫0 dx
sin x + cos x 2 sin x + cos x
π π/2 1
⇒ 2I = ∫
2 0 2tan
x
1 − tan 2
x
2 2
x + x
1 + tan 2 2
1 + tan 2 2
x
π π/2 1 + tan 2 2
⇒ 2I = ∫ dx
2 0 x x
2tan 2 + 1 − tan 2 2
x
π π/2 sec 2 2
= ∫ dx
2 0 x x
− tan 2 2 + 2tan 2 + 1

Let tan
x
2
= t. Then, d tan
( ) x
2
= dt ⇒
1
2
x
sec 2 dx = dt
2
⇒ dx =
2dt

sec 2 2
x

π π
Also, x = 0 ⇒ t = tan0 = 0 and x = ⇒ t = tan =1
2 4
π 1 2dt dt dt
∴ 2I = ∫
2 0 − t 2 + 2t + 1
= π∫ 10 = π∫ 10
(
− t 2 − 2t − 1 ) − [ (t−1) −2 ]
2

[ ]|
1
dt 1 √2 + t − 1
⇒ 2I = π∫ 10 =π× log |
( √2 ) 2 − ( t − 1 ) 2 2√2 √2 − t + 1 0

⇒ 2I =
2√2
π
[ log1 − log
( )] √2 − 1
√2 + 1
= −
2√2
π
log
( ) √2 − 1
√2 + 1
=
π
2√2
log
( ) √2 + 1
√2 − 1

{ }
π ( √2 + 1 ) 2 π π
⇒ 2I = log = log(√2 + 1) 2 = log(√2 + 1)
2√2 ( √2 − 1 ) ( √2 + 1 ) 2√2 √2
π
⇒ I= log(√2 + 1)
2√2

27. Let E1: Lost card is king

Let E2: Lost card is not a king
A: Two cards drawn are kings
1 12
P(E1) = , P(E2) =
13 13

() ()
3C 4C
A 2 A 2
P E1
= 51C
,P E2
= 51C
2 2

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( )
P E1 P
( )
A

()
E1
E1
P =
A

( )
P E1 P

3C
( ) A
E1
+ P E2 P( ) ( )
A
E2

1 2
13
× 51C
2
= 3C 4C
1 2 12 2

13
× 51C + 13 × 51C
2 2
3 1
= 75
or 25

x2 + 1
28. Let I = ∫ dx
( x + 4 ) ( x + 25 )
2 2

Put, t = x2 ,and then by partial fractions we have,

x2 + 1 t+1 A B
= = + .... (1)
( t + 4 ) ( t + 25 ) t+4 t + 25
( x + 4 ) ( x + 25 )
2 2

(A + B)t + (25A + 4B) = t + 1

A + B = 1 ….(1)
25A + 4B = 1 ....(2)
Solving equation (1)and(2), we get,
−1 8
A= and B =
7 7
Now,
t+1 −1 1 8 1
= × + ×
( t + 4 ) ( t + 25 ) 7 t+4 7 t + 25
x2 + 1 −1 1 8 1
= × + ×
7 x2 + 4 7 x 2 + 25
( x + 4 ) ( x + 25 )
2 2

x2 + 1 −1 1 8 1
∫ dx = × + ×
7 2 7 2
( x + 4 ) ( x + 25 )
2 2 x +4 x + 25

= −
1
7
1
× tan − 1
2 () x
2
+
8
7
1
× tan − 1
5 () x
5
+c

= −
1
14
tan − 1 () x
2
+
8
35
tan − 1 () x
5
+c

OR

( 2x − 1 )
Let I, = ∫ dx
(x−1) (x+2) (x−3)
Using partial fractions we have,
( 2x − 1 ) A B C
= + + .... (i)
(x−1) (x+2) (x−3) x−1 x+2 x−3
Which implies,
A(x + 2)(x - 2) + B(x - 1)(x - 3) + C(x - 1)(x + 2) = 2x - 1
Now put x + 2 = 0
Therefore, x = -2
A(0) + B(-2 - 1)(-2 - 3) + C(0) = 2x - 2 - 1
B(-3)(-5) = -5

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1
B= −
3
Now put x - 3 = 0
Therefore, x = 3
A(0) + B(0) + C(2) (5) = 5
1
C=
2
Now put x - 1 = 0
Therefore, x = 1
A(3) (-2) + B(0) + C(0) = 1
1
A= − 6
Now From equation (i) we get,
( 2x − 1 ) −1 1 1 1 1 1
(x−1) (x+2) (x−3)
= 6
× x−1
− 3
× x+2
+ 2
× x−3
( 2x − 1 ) −1 1 1 1 1 1
∫ dx = ∫ dx − ∫ dx+ ∫ dx
(x−1) (x+2) (x−3) 6 x−1 3 x+2 2 x−3
−1 1 1
= 6
log | x − 1 | − 3 log | x + 2 | + 2 log | x − 3 | + c

dy 1
29. x dx + y + =0
1 + x2
dy 1
x +y= −
dx 1 + x2

dy
dx
+ () 1
x
y= −
(
x 1 + x2
1

)
So it a linear differential equation
1 1
P= and Q = −
x
(
x 1 + x2 )
1
IF = e ∫ pdx = e ∫ x dx = e log x = x
General solution
y. IF = ∫ Q. IFdx + C
1
y. x = − ∫ . x dx + C
(
x 1 + x2 )
1
y. x = − ∫ dx + C
(1+x ) 2

y. x = − tan − 1x + C ...(i)
At x =1, y = 0
0 = − tan − 1(1) + C
π
C= 4
Putting in eqn (i)
π
y. x = − tan − 1x +
4

OR

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dy
We have, x + 2y = x 2(x ≠ 0)
dx

⇒
dy
dx
+ () 2
x
⋅ y = x ...(i)

This is linear differential equation of the form

dy 2
dx
+ Py = Q, here P = x
and Q = x.
2
∴ IF = e ∫ Pdx = e ∫ ( 2 / x ) dx = e 2log x = e log x = x 2
The general solution is given by
y ⋅ IF = ∫ (IF × Q)dx + C
⇒ y ⋅ x 2 = ∫ x 2 × xdx + C
⇒ y ⋅ x 2 = ∫ x 3dx + C
x4
∴ y ⋅ x2 = + C ...(ii)
4
On putting x = 2, y = 1 in Eq. (ii), we get
24
1 ⋅ 22 = 4
+C ⇒ 4=4+C ⇒ C=0
x4
∴ y ⋅ x2 = [from Eq. (ii)]
4
2
x
⇒ y= 4
which is the required particular solution.

30. We have to maximize Z = 7x + 10y

First, we will convert the given inequations into equations, we obtain the following equations:
x + y = 30000, y = 12000, x = 6000, x = y, x = 0 andy = 0
Region represented by x + y ≤ 30000 :
The line x + y = 30000 meets the coordinate axes at A(30000, 0) and B(0, 30000) respectively.
By joining these points we obtain the line x + y = 30000 Clearly (0, 0) satisfies the inequation x + y ≤ 30000.
So, the region containing the origin represents the solution set of the inequationx + y ≤ 30000
The line y = 12000 is the line that passes through C(0, 12000) and parallel to x-axis.
The line x = 6000 is the line that passes through (6000, 0) and parallel to y-axis.
Region represented by x ≥ y:
The line x = y is the line that passes through the origin. The points to the right of the line x = y satisfy the inequation x
≥ y Like by taking the point (-12000, 6000).
Here, 6000 > -12000 which implies y > x. Hence, the points to the left of line x = y will not satisfy the given in equation
x ≥ y
Region represented by x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 :
since, every point in the first quadrant satisfies these inequations. So, the first quadrant is the region represented by the in
equations x ≥ 0 andy ≥ 0
The feasible region determined by subject to the constraints are, x + y ≤ 30000, y ≤ 12000, x ≥ 6000, x ≥ y, and
non-negative restrictions,x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 are as follows:

The corner points of the feasible region are D(6000, 0), A(3000, 0), F(18000, 12000) and E(12000, 12000).
The values of objective function at the corner points are as follows:

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Corner point Z = 7x + 10y

D(6000, 0) 7 × 6000 + 10 × 0 = 42000

A(3000, 0) 7 × 3000 + 10 × 0 = 21000

F(18000, 12000) 7 × 18000 + 10 × 12000 = 246000

E(12000, 12000) 7 × 12000 + 10 × 12000 = 204000

We see that the maximum value of the objective function Z is 246000 which is at F(18000,12000)
that means at x = 18000 and y = 12000
Thus, the optimal value of objective function z is 246000.

OR

The linear inequations or constraints

x + 3y ≤ 60
x + y ≥ 10
x≤y
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 and objective functions is max or min (Z) = 3x + 9y
Reducing the above inequations into equations and finding their point of intersection i.e.,
x + 3y = 60 ... (i)
x + y = 10 ... (ii)
x = y ... (iii)
x = 0, y = 0... (iv)

Equations Point of Intersection

(i) and (ii) x = − 15, y = 25

Point is ⇒ ( − 15, 25)

(i) and (iii) x = 15 ⇒ y = 15

Point is ⇒ (15, 15)

(ii) and (iii) x = 5, y = 5

Point is (5, 5)

(i) and (iv) when x = 0 ⇒ y = 20,

Point is(0, 20)

when y = 0 ⇒ x = 60,

Point is (60, 0)

(ii) and (iv) when x = 0 ⇒ y = 10,

Point is (0, 10)

when y = 0 ⇒ x = 10,

Point is (10, 0)

Now for feasible region,

For x + 3y ≤ 60, putting x = 0 and y = 0, we have

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0 + 0 ≥ 10 i.e., Not true
⇒ The shaded region will be away from origin.
Also, we have x ≥ 0, and y ≥ 0 indicates that the shaded part will exist in first quadrant only. Here feasible region will be
ABCDA, having corner points as A(0, 20), B(15, 15), C(5, 5) and D(0, 10).
For optimal point substituting the value of all corner points in objective function Z = 3x + 9y

Corner points Z

A(0, 20) 180

Maximum
B(15, 15) 180
C(5, 5) 60
Minimum
D(0, 10) 90

So that the minimum value of Z is 60 at C (5, 5) of the feasible region and the maximum value at A (0, 20) and B(15, 15)
is Z = 180.

31. According to the question, y = (sinx) x + sin − 1√x.......(i)

Let u = (sinx) x...............................(ii)
Then, Equation.(i) becomes, y = u + sin − 1√x............(iii)
Differentiating both sides of (iii) w.r.t x,we get,
dy du 1 d
= + × (√x)
dx dx dx
√1 − ( √ x )2
dy du 1 1
dx
= dx
+ × .............(iv)
√1 − x 2√x
Taking log on both sides of Equation.(ii),
log u = x log sinx
Differentiating both sides w.r.t x,
1 du d d
⇒
u dx
= x dx (logsinx) + logsinx dx (x)[ Using product rule of derivative]

⇒
du
dx
=u x×[ 1
sin x dx
d
(sinx) + logsinx(1) ]
⇒
du
dx
= (sin x)x [ x
sin x ]
× cosx + logsinx [ From Eq(ii)]

From (iv),we get,

dy 1 1
⇒ = (sinx) x[x cot x + log sinx] + ×
dx √1 − x 2√x

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Section D

32. The equation of the curve is

y = x|x| =
{ x 2, x ≥ 0
− x 2, x < 0
The graph of y = x | x | is shown in Fig. and the region bounded by y = x | x | , x-axis and the ordinates x = - 3 and x = 3 is
shaded in the given Fig.

Clearly, y = x|x|, being an odd function is symmetric in opposite quadrants. Therefore, the required area is twice the area
of the shaded region in the first quadrant.
Let us slice the region in first quadrant into vertical strips. The approximating rectangle shown in Fig. has length =
|y1|dx. As it can move between x = 0 and x = 3, therefore, area of the shaded region in first quadrant
3
| | 3
A = ∫ 0 y 1 dx = ∫ 0y 1dx .......[ ∵ y1 ≥ 0 ∴ |y1 | = y1]
3
⇒ A = ∫ 0x 2dx ........[ ∵ P(x1, y1) lies on y = x2 ∴ y1 = x2]

[]
3
x3
⇒ A= = 9 sq. units.
3
0

Hence required area = 2A = 2 × 9 = 18 sq. units.

33. i. R = {(x, y) : x is wife of y}

Reflexive: since x can not be wife of x.
∴ (x, x) ∉ R
⇒ R is not reflexive
Symmetric: Let (x, y) ∈ R
⇒ x is wife of y
⇒ Y is husband of x
⇒ (y, x) ∉ R
⇒ R is not symmetric
Transitive: Let (x, y) ∈ R and (y, z) ∈ R
⇒ x is wife of y and y is husband of z which is a contradiction
⇒ (x, z) ∉ R
⇒ R is not transitive

ii. A be the set of human beings

R = {(x, y) : x is father of y}
Reflexive: since x can not be father of x
∴ (x, x) ∉ R

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⇒ R is not reflexive
Symmetric: Let (x, y) ∈ R
⇒ x is father of y
⇒ y can not be father of x
⇒ (y, x) ∉ R
⇒ R is not symmetric
Transitive:
Now, let (x,y), (y,z) ϵ R
⇒ x is the father of y and y is the father of z.
⇒ x is not the father of z.
⇒ Indeed x is the grandfather of z.
⇒ (x,z) ∉ R
⇒ R is not transitive.

OR

f is one-one: For any x, y ∈ R - {+1}, we have f(x) = f(y)

x y
⇒ =
1+ |x| |y| +1
⇒ xy + x = xy + y
⇒ x = y

Therefore, f is one-one function.

If f is one-one, let y = R - {1}, then f(x) = y
x
⇒
x+1
=y
y
⇒ x= 1−y
It is cleat that x ∈ R for all y = R - {1}, also x = ≠ -1
Because x = -1
y
⇒
1−y
= −1
⇒ y = -1 + y
which is not possible.
y
Thus for each R - {1} there exists x = ∈ R - {1} such that
1−y
y
x 1−y
f(x) = = =y
x+1 y
1−y
+1

Therefore f is onto function.

[ ]
1 3 4
34. If A = 2 1 2
5 1 1
then |A| = 1(1 - 2) - 3(2 - 10) + 4(2 - 5)
= 11 ≠ 0
Then cofactors of A are
A11 = -1, A12 = 8, A13 = -3,
A21 = 1, A22 = -19, A23 = 14, A31 = 2, A32 = 6, and A33 = -5

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[ ]
A 11 A 12 A 13 T

Then, adj A = A 21 A 22 A 23

A 31 A 32 A 33

[ ]
−1 8 −3 T

= 1 − 19 14
2 6 −5

[ ]
−1 1 2
Adj A = 8 − 19 6
−3 14 −5
1
Now, A-1 = |A|
adjA

[ ]
−1 1 2
1
= 8 − 19 6 ...(ii)
11
−3 14 −5

Given system of equations are

x + 3y + 4z = 8
2x + y + 2z = 5
5x + y + z = 7

[ ] [] []
1 3 4 8 x
Let, A = 2 1 2 , B = 5 , and X = y
5 1 1 7 z
Then AX = B

[ ] []
1 3 4 8
2 1 2 X= 5
5 1 1 7

[ ] []
1 3 4 −1 8
X= 2 1 2 5
5 1 1 7

[ ][ ]
−1 1 2 8
1
= 8 − 19 6 5 [using (ii) equation]
11
−3 14 −5 7

[ ] []
− 8 + 5 + 14 11
1 1
= 64 − 95 + 42 = 11
11 11
− 24 + 70 − 35 11

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[]
11
1
X= 11
11
11

[] []
x 1
y = 1
z 1
Hence, x = 1, y = 1, z = 1

35. Equation of the two planes are x + 2y = 0 and 3y - z = 0.

→ →
Let n 1 and n 2 be the normal to the two planes, respectively.
→ →
∴ n 1 = î + 2ĵ and n 2 = 3ĵ − k̂
Since required line is parallel to the given two planes.

| |
î ĵ k̂
→ → →
Therefore, b = n 1 × n 2 = 1 2 0
0 3 −1

= î( − 2) − ĵ( − 1) + k̂(3)

= − 2î + ĵ + 3k̂
So, the equation of the line through the point (3, 0, 1) and parallel to the given two planes is
(x − 3)î + (y − 0)ĵ + (z − 1)k̂ + λ( − 2î + ĵ + 3k̂)
= (x − 3)î + yĵ + (z − 1)k̂ + λ( − 2î + ĵ + 3k̂)

OR

→
r = (2i − j + 2k) + λ(3i + 4j + 2k)

Then, in Cartesian form,we have

x−2 y+1 z−2
3
= 4
= 2
= λ ..... (i)
coordinates of any point on (i) is ,
3λ + 2, 4λ − 1, 2λ + 2
The equation of plane is

→
( )
r . î − ĵ + k̂ = 5

(xî + yĵ + zk̂ ) (î − ĵ + k̂ ) = 5

⋅

x - y + z = 5 .... (ii)

If the point (3λ + 2, 4λ − 1, 2λ + 2)lies on (ii),then

(3λ + 2) − (4λ − 1) + (2λ + 2) = 5

λ+5=5
λ=0
we get (2, -1, 2) as the coordinate of the point of intersection of the given line and the plane.

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Now distance between the points (-1, -5, -10) and (2, -1, 2)
= √(2 + 1) 2 + ( − 1 − 5) 2 + (2 + 10) 2
= 13

Section E

36. i. Bayes' theorem defines the probability of an event based on the prior knowledge of the conditions related to the event
whereas in case of the condition probability, we find the reverse probabilities using Bayes' theorem.

ii. Consider on event E which occurs via two different events A and B. The probability of E is given by the value of
total probability as:
P(E) = P(A ∩ E) + P(B ∩ E)

P(E) = P(A) P
() E
A
+ P(B)
()
E
B

iii. Let P be the event that the shell fired from A hits the plane and Q be the event that the shell fired from B hits the
plane. The following four hypotheses are possible before the trial, with the guns operating independently:
E = PQ, E = Pˉ Q,
1
ˉ E = PQ,
2
ˉ E = PQ ˉ
3 4
Let E = The shell fired from exactly one of them hits the plane.
P(E1) = 0.3 × 0.2 = 0.06,
P(E2) = 0.7 × 0.8 = 0.56,
P(E3) = 0.7 × 0.2 = 0.14,
P(E4) = 0.3 × 0.8 = 0.24

P
() () () ()
E
E1
= 0, P
E
E2
+0, P
E
E3
= 1, P
E
E4
=1

() ()
P(E) = P(E1) ⋅ P
E
E1
+ P(E2) ⋅ P
E
E2
+ P(E3).

P
() ()
E
E3
+ P(E4) ⋅ P
E4
E

= 0.14 + 0.24 = 0.38

OR
By Bayes' Theorem,

i. P(Shell fired from exactly one of them hits the plane)

= P[(Shell from A hits the plane and Shell from B does not hit the plane) or (Shell from A does not hit the plane
and Shell from B hits the plane)]
= 0.3 × 0.8 + 0.7 × 0.2 = 0.38
P(Shell fired from B hit the plane ∩ Exactly one of them hit the plane)
ii. P(Exactly one of them hit the plane)
P (Shell from only B hit the plane )
= P (Exactly one of them hit the plane )
0.14 7
= 0.38
= 19

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P E3( ) P
( )
E

()
⋅
E3
E3
iv. P =
E

0.14 7
( )
P E1 ⋅ P
( )
E
E1 ( )
+ P E2 ⋅ P
( )
E
E2
+ P E3 P( ) ( )
E
E3 ( )
+ P E4 ⋅ P
( )
E
E4

= 0.38
= 19
NOTE: The four hypotheses form the partition of the sample space and it can be seen that the sum of their

probabilities is 1. The hypotheses E1 and E2 are actually eliminated as P

() ()
E
E1
=P
E
E2
=0

Alternative way of writing the solution:

→
37. i. Position vector of AB
= (2-1)î + (1-1)ĵ + (3-1)k̂ = î + 2k̂

→
ii. Position vector of AD
= (3 - 1)î + (3 - 1)ĵ +(4 - 1)k̂ = 2î + 2ĵ + 3k̂

1 → →
iii. Area of △ABC = | AB × AC |
2

| |
→ → î ĵ k̂
AB × AC = 1 0 2 = î(0-2) - ĵ(1-4) + k̂(1-0)
2 1 1

= -2î + 3ĵ + k̂
→ →
⇒ | AB × AC | =
√( − 2) 2 + 32 + 12
= √4 + 9 + 1 = √14
1
∴ Area of △ABC = 2 √14 sq. units
OR
→
→ AD
Unit vector along AD = →
| AD |
2 î + 2 ĵ + 3k 2 iˆ + 2 jˆ + 3k̂ 1
= = = (2î + 2ĵ + 3k̂)
√2 2 + 2 2 + 3 2 √4 + 4 + 9 √17

38. i. C = 40000h2 + 5000x2

as x2h = 250
40000 ( 250 ) 2
⇒ C= + 5000x2
x4

dC − 160000 ( 250 ) 2
ii. dx
= + 10000x
x5

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dc
iii. For minimum cost =0
dx
⇒ 10000x6 = 250 × 250 × 160000
⇒ x = 10
d 2C
showing > 0 at x = 10
dx 2
∴ cost is minimum when x = 10
OR
dC − 160000 ( 250 ) 2
dx
= + 10000x
x4
dC
dx
= 0 gives x = 10
dC dC
dx
> 0 in (10, ∞) and dx
< 0 in (0, 10).
Hence, cost function is neither increasing nor decreasing for x > 0
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