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Lesson 2 Fundamental Reading Skills

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Lesson 2 Fundamental Reading Skills

Uploaded by

Sarah Neri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 2: Fundamental Reading Skills

Reading Process

As a complex process, reading consists of the following stages: pre-reading, while


reading, and post-reading stage.

The pre-reading stage aims to motivate the readers to read and to activate their
schema or background knowledge. The skills used in this stage include previewing,
free writing, surveying, questioning, making assumptions about the author, and
identifying the purpose.

In the while-reading stage, you may reread the text until you fully understand its
meaning. The skills used in this stage include getting the meaning of words through
context clues, predicting, inferencing, monitoring comprehension, annotating the
text, and reflecting.

In the last stage or the post-reading stage, you have to check your understanding
of the text. The skills used in this stage include summarizing, paraphrasing, drawing
conclusions, making graphic organizers, and journal writing.

Basic Reading Skills

Rapid Reading aims to locate specific information or main ideas in a very short span
of time. Example of this include skimming, locating the main idea and scanning,
which are both pre-reading skills.

1. Skimming is a type of quick reading which aims to get the main idea and
overview of the material. It is usually done when reading newspapers, magazines,
books, and letters.

2. Locating the main idea is a reading skill which involves identifying the central
message of a reading selection. The main idea is usually found in either or both the
first and last sentences of a paragraph, but it may at times appear in the middle of
the text.

3. Scanning is a quick reading strategy which aims to get specific information from a
given text.
Previewing

Previewing is a skill wherein a reader looks over a material and focuses on the
information he/she finds relevant. Previewing allows readers to set the
purpose and link the content of the material to their background knowledge. It is
conducted during the pre-reading stage.

Effective previewing involves clarifying the purpose, reading the title and headings,
and checking the illustration and other visuals.

Literal Reading

Literal Reading involves the understanding of ideas and facts that are directly
stated in the material. This skill include note-taking, paraphrasing, and summarizing.
These are typically done in the post-reading stage.

Summarizing is a technique that involves condensing a lengthy text into a shorter


passage which is usually 15 to 30 percent of the source material while retaining its
essence.

Paraphrasing involves restating ideas from the original text. Unlike a summary, the
length of a paraphrased text is almost similar to the length of the original text
because it focuses on the details and not on the main idea.

Inferential Reading

Inferential reading refers to the process of deducing facts and ideas not directly
expressed in a text. It is also known as "reading between the lines."

This skill includes making generalizations, inferences, and conclusions. This is


applied during the while-reading stage.

Critical Reading

Critical reading refers to the close and thorough evaluation of the claims in the text
in terms of relevance, validity, and logic.

This skill includes distinguishing facts from opinions and detecting logical fallacies.
As with inferential reading, critical reading happens in the while-reading stage.
Types of Reading According to Purpose

1. Developmental Reading - is a type of reading which aims to develop the reader's


reading skills

Ex: Mary reads a long text to improve his reading comprehension skills.

2. Pleasure Reading - is a more passive type of reading that primarily aims to


provide enjoyment and entertainment

Ex: Karen reads her favorite book, To Kill a Mockingbird, to relax after a long
day.

3. Functional Reading - is a type of reading designed to help readers learn


basic functional reading, such as reading school forms and instructions

Ex: Kim reads a college application form to understand how to fill it out.

4. Remedial Reading - is a type of reading which aims to correct the effects of


poor teaching and poor learning

Ex: Francis reads a pronunciation chart with his teacher to help him correct
his pronunciation of diphthongs.

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