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kaustubh
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What is EMI, EMS and EMC?

Compiled by: Kaustubh Varadpande


How EMI Couples- Source to Victim Theory

Compiled by: Kaustubh Varadpande


Types of EMC Tests & Standards (test
methods)
EMC

EMI- Emissions EM Immunity/Susceptibility


Conducted EMI Radiated EMI Conducted Immunity Radiated Immunity
Conducted Radiated
emissions emissions Conducted RF Susceptibility Radiated susceptibility
CISPR 16 CISPR 16 IEC 61000-4-6 IEC 61000-4-3
Electrical fast transients
IEC 61000-4-4
Surge
IEC 61000-4-5
Voltage dips & interrupts
IEC 61000-4-11
Electrostatic discharge
IEC 61000-4-2
Power freq magnetic field
IEC 61000-4-8
Compiled by: Kaustubh Varadpande
Radiated Emissions
• Radiated Emissions refers to the unintentional
release of electromagnetic energy from an
electronic device or apparatus. Any electronic
device may generate Electromagnetic fields that
unintentionally propagate away from the device's
structure.

• Test Limits: IEC 60601-1-2/CISPR 11

• Test specs: 30MHz to 1000MHz

• Acceptance criteria: Radiated emissions must not


exceed the limit line specified in the standard
CISPR 11

Compiled by: Kaustubh Varadpande


Conducted Emissions
• Conducted emissions are the noise currents
generated by the Device-Under-Test (DUT) that
propagate through the power cord or harness
to other components/systems or power grid.

• Test Limits: IEC 60601-1-2/CISPR 11

• Test specs: 150kHz to 30MHz

• Acceptance criteria: Conducted emissions must


not exceed the limit line specified in the
standard CISPR 11

Compiled by: Kaustubh Varadpande


Radiated susceptibility
• Radiated susceptibility is a measure
of the system’s ability to operate
acceptably when subjected to an
externally generated electromagnetic
field.

• Test Method: IEC 61000-4-3

• Test Level: IEC 60601-1-2

• Test specs: 30MHz to 2500 MHz, 3V/m, 80%


AM with 1kHz sine wave

• Test setup: Anechoic chamber, Antenna and


Signal generator, RF power amplifier

• Acceptance criteria: EUT should function


normally during and after the test
Compiled by: Kaustubh Varadpande
Conducted susceptibility test
• Conducted susceptibility or immunity is the
ability of a system to operate acceptably when
subjected to radio frequency voltage or
current on interconnecting conductors.
Typically such radio frequency noise is induced
on electrical conductors from a variety of
sources and coupling mechanisms.

• Test Method: IEC 61000-4-6

• Test Level: IEC 60601-1-2

• Test specs: 150kHz to 80MHz, 3Vrms, 80% AM with 1kHz sine


wave

• Test setup: Signal generator, 6dB attenuator & RF power amplifier

• Acceptance criteria: EUT should function normally during and


after the test Compiled by: Kaustubh Varadpande
ESD (electrostatic discharge) test
• Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is the
sudden flow of electricity between
two electrically charged objects
caused by contact, an electrical
short, or dielectric breakdown.

• Test Method: IEC 61000-4-2

• Test Level: IEC 60601-1-2

• Test specs: +/-15kV

• Test setup: ESD gun, Coupling


planes

• Acceptance criteria: EUT should


function normally during and after
the test
Compiled by: Kaustubh Varadpande
EFT (electrical fast transients) test
• The test for electrical fast transients (EFT) or
burst immunity, as defined by the IEC61000-
4-4 standard, simulates the switching
transients caused by the interruption of
inductive loads, relay contact bounce, and
so on. This test is performed on power,
signal, and earth wires.

• Test Method: IEC 61000-4-4

• Test Level: IEC 60601-1-2

• Test specs: +/-2kV

• Test setup: Transient generator

• Acceptance criteria: EUT should function


normally during and after the test
Compiled by: Kaustubh Varadpande
Surge test
• The basics of the test are to subject the system to voltage
spikes on top of the nominal voltage input to the system.
These spikes are representative of voltage fluctuations that
occur from causes such as large motor drives, nearby lightning
strikes, etc. These high voltage deviations can cause a variety
of issues when applied to a system not designed to handle
them.

• Test Method: IEC 61000-4-5

• Test Level: IEC 60601-1-2

• Test specs: +/-2kV

• Test setup: Surge generator

• Acceptance criteria: EUT should function normally during and


after the test
Compiled by: Kaustubh Varadpande
Voltage dips & interrupts test
• The objective of these tests is to evaluate the
immunity of equipment by applying voltage dips,
short interruptions and voltage variation on the
power line.

• Test Method: IEC 61000-4-11

• Test Level: IEC 60601-1-2

• Test specs: 0%, 40%, 70%

• Test setup: Variac, Voltage dips generator

• Acceptance criteria: EUT should function normally


during and after the test

Compiled by: Kaustubh Varadpande


PFMF (power frequency magnetic field) test
• Electronic Products are tested for immunity to
power frequency magnetic fields to insure their
continued reliable operation when placed in
service

• Test Method: IEC 61000-4-8

• Test Level: IEC 60601-1-2

• Test specs: 30A/m

• Test setup: Current transformer, Magnetic loop


antenna

• Acceptance criteria: EUT should function normally


during and after the test

Compiled by: Kaustubh Varadpande

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