Public

Administration
Foundation: September 2023
B2_H1: Syllabus Decoded for Paper I

{Use the handout along with notes dictated in the class. Class-room notes
are mandatory for clearer understanding}

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 Chapter Focus area Linkages
1 INTRODUCTION In depth
Meaning, scope, and WHAT DO YOU STUDY WHEN WE STUDY PUB
signi1icance of Public AD?
Administration scope, and Signi1icance of Public Administration
Meaning and signi1icance of ‘public’ and
‘administration’,
What is public interest and how it impacts the
scope of public administration?
Why Public administration is important for
society? Public-Private Dichotomy,
Scope of public administration in the current era.
Government to governance
Wilson’s vision of public WHERE IT ALL BEGAN?
administration Dichotomy and Wilson’s logic behind separating
the study of administration from politics. The
search for ef1iciency leading to future
developments in the discipline of Public
Administration. Wilson as the father of PA.
Criticism of Wilson’s Vision for PA and Dichotomy.
Evolution of the VARIOUS PHASES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A
discipline and its present DISCIPLINE…
status. Epistemological perspectives in the theory
building and other Philosophical developments.
The logic behind modern, postmodern, positivism,
neo etc.
The idea of paradigm, paradigms in public
administration.
New Public IMPORTANT MILESTONES
Administration 1 and 2 Background for the emergence of NPA,
Basic premises, vision, and impact, rejection of
dichotomy.
Criticism of NPA 1 and 2
Public Choice Approach ECONOMICS IN PUB AD…
Concept and basic premises, Impact and
Criticism
Challenges of IMPACT OF LPG ON GOVERNMENT
liberalization ADMINISTRATION…
privatization and How the LPG movement has altered the nature of
globalization scope of public administration.
Good Governance WHAT DO WE EXPECT FROM THE GOVERNMENT
TODAY AND WHAT GOVERNMENT EXPECTS
FROM THE PEOPLE…
The de1inition given by the world bank.
Parameters of governance and good governance.
 New Public Management THE ECONOMICAL PRINCIPLES GUIDING THE
DIRECTION FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Retreat of the state and expansion of the private
sector for its attributes of ef1iciency. (Wilsonian
vision)

2 Administrative thinkers
Scienti1ic management EARLIEST ATTEMPT OF DEVELOPING A SCIENCE
and SM movement OF ADMINISTRATION…
Scienti1ic management of Taylor, Structures,
The vocabulary used by Taylor, Elementalism
Criticism
Classical Theory MORE SCHOLARS LOOKING FOR A SCIENCE OF
A. Fayol ADMINISTRATION…
B. Gulick and Urwick Managerial View, Functionalist (Functions
performed by an organisation and a manager)
Criticism.
Principles of Organisation, Human factor, and
Time in Public Administration
Weber’s Bureaucratic MILESTONE IN PUB AD: BUREAUCRACY – THE
Model - its critique and GOOD, BAD AND UGLY.
post-Weberian Authority and Power,
Developments Types of authorities,
Characteristics of Bureaucracy, relevance of
bureaucracy, critique of bureaucracy, weber’s
analysis on shortcoming of bureaucracy, post
Weberian development – neo- Weberian state,
Blacksburg manifesto, new public service, public
goods, and public interest, pareto optimality
Dynamic Administration BRIDGE: FROM OLD SCHOOL TO THE NEW.
(Mary Parker Follett) Follet’s Contingency Model, order of the situation,
Con1lict Resolution,
Views on
Power, Authority, leadership, communication, and
Control. Criticism of Follet’s ideas in dynamic
administration.
Human Relations School BRINING HUMANS BACK IN THE
(Elton Mayo and others) ORGANIZATION…
Hawthorne Experiment,
Group Behaviour and dynamics in industrial
organisations, Importance of informal groups.
Functions of the FUNCTIONS OF EXECUTIVE: MANAGING PEOPLE
Executive (Chester IN THE ORGANIZATION…
Barnard) Organisations as systems of Human Cooperation,
Total situation, formal and informal organisations,
 acceptance of authority (Fiction of Authority),
Characteristic of a complex organization,
Contribution-Satisfaction Equilibrium, Zone of
Indifference,
Views on communication, coordination, decision
making, authority, power, leadership, qualities of a
leader, moral/ethical leadership, planning.
Criticism.
Simon’s decision- making A PERSPECTIVE THAT BROKE THE COURSE OF
theory PUB AD!
Decision making model, Programmed and non-
programmed decisions, rationality and Bounded
rationality, ‘satisfyising’ behaviour, administrative
man, Fact-Value dichotomy, Zone of acceptance, 4
types of rationalities, views on authority and
ef1iciency, Communication, informal organization,
Criticism of Simon.
Participative ORGANIASATIONS FOR THE PEOPLE’S
Management (R. Likert, GROWTH…
C.Argyris, D.McGregor). R. Likert –
i. Supervisory Styles
ii. (Job Centred vs Employee Centred)
iii. Interaction In1luence system to
maximize skills, resources, and
individual’s motivation at different
levels of organisation
iv. Linking Pin Model
v. Management Systems (System – 1 to
System –4)
vi. Ways of managing con1lict
D. McGregor –
i. Theory X and Theory Y,
ii. Scanlon Plan,
iii. Rehabilitation of Rational Emotive
Manager,
iv. Working through differences,
v. Transactional In1luence
C. Argyris -
i. Strategies for Organizational
Development:
ii. Maturity-Immaturity Theory Improving
Interpersonal Competence
iii. Organisational Structures – Pyramid
Structure, Modi1ied Formal
Organisation, Matrix Organisation.
 iv. Techniques of Programmed Learning –
Sensitivity (T- Group) Training
v. Individual and Group adaptation
vi. Organisational Learning Criticism of the
above thinkers
Theories – system and MODERN ORGANISATIONS…
contingency Analysis and evaluation of models

3 Administrative
Behaviour
Communication; Morale;. GLUE THAT BINDS ORGANISATIONS…
Role and processes of communication.
Manuel castells- network society,
Motivation Theories – THE DRIVING FORCE BEHIND ACTIONS OF
content, process and PEOPLE…
contemporary; Traditional, content Vs. Process, Contemporary.
Contributions: Maslow’s need hierarchy Herzberg,
McGregor, Alderfer ERG model
Victor vroom’s VIE model Pavlov’s Reinforcement
theory, Operant condition theory of B.F Skinner,
Edwin Locke (Goal setting theory)
Equity Theory (Stacy adams)
Cognitive evaluation theory by Charms.
Criticism

Theories of Leadership: LEADER MUST BE FIRM YET GENTLE…

Traditional and Modern Trait theories, modern theories, contingency
theories.
Contributions:
OHIO Study, Likert
Michigan Study
Leadership grid, Blake and Moulton
Fiedler’s Contingency theory Path Goal Theory,
Robert House
Lifecycle approach, Hersey & Blanchard
Cognitive resource theory, Diago and Garcia
Leader-member exchange theory,
Contemporary developments.

5 Accountability and THE MORAL SIDE OF ADMINISTRATION AND

control: HOW TO ENSURE IT…
Concepts of The basic concepts. How accountability,
accountability and responsibility and control linked.
control
 Legislative, Executive, Different ,means by which accountability is
and judicial control over ensured in the organization.
administration
Means of accountability
and control
Citizen and Understanding the citizen administration interface
Administration and ways of improving it.
Role of media, The actors outside government that are asking
interest groups, right questions and making the administration
voluntary answerable for their actions.
organizations. The concepts and its implication for
Civil society; administration and democracy.
Citizen’s
Charters; Right
to Information,
Social audit
6 Administrative Law: WITH GREAT POWERS COMES GREATER
RESTRICTIONS… CONSTITUIONALISM AT WORK
Meaning, scope and Common law vs administrative law
signi1icance;
Dicey on Administrative Dicey’s criticism of droit administratif
law;
Delegated legislation; Growth, relevance and control of delegated
legislation
Administrative Tribunals. Need and scope. Tribunalisation of justice, in the
context of administrative law.

7 Comparative Public ADMINISTRATION ACROSS THE BORDERS –

Administration: STUDYING PUB AD BEYOND USA
Historical and Search for scienti1ic and universal principles of
sociological factors administration, Ecological and Systems Approach
affecting administrative
systems;
Administration and Understanding the Ecological aspects in1luencing
politics in different administration and vice versa
countries;
Current status of New CPA, Globalisation and Development,
Comparative Public Development Administration
Administration;
Ecology and Ferrel Heady, Riggs, Sala Model, Internal and
administration; external environment in1luence: Theoretical
models.
Riggsian models and their Agraria-industria typology, Prismatic model,
critique. Bazaar- canteen model, Riggs on development,
critical appraisal of Riggs.
8 Development WHAT DEVELOPMENT MEANS TO DIFFERENT
Dynamics: SOCIETIES AND HOW GOVERNMENT CARRIES IT
OUT
Concept of development; Development administration: origin and evolution,
comparison with traditional, dynamism of scope.
Changing pro1ile of Conceptual perspective, various phases: Crisis
development phase, governance phase.
administration;
‘Anti-development Participative development, Contribution of
thesis’; Bureaucracy and scholars: Jean Dreze, Amartya Sen, Antithetical
development; aspect, Contribution of scholars: Weber, Peter
Blau, Riggs. Indian Perspective- empowerment
approach.
Strong state versus the Theoretical and practical emerging scenarios.
market debate;
Impact of liberalisation Administration from regulatory to facilitator,
on administration in challenges, minimalist state, Neo-liberal model
developing countries;.
Women and development Womenisation of development, role and issues
- the self-help group faced by women and SHGs
movement

9 Personnel HOW TO MANAGE PEOPLE IN THE GOVERNMENT

Administration: ORGANIZATION
Importance of human Role of HRD in government, HRD developments in
resource development; government systems, approaches to integrated
HRD.
Recruitment, training, Types, relevance and issues. (Recent developments
career advancement, in Indian administration)
position classi1ication,
discipline, performance
appraisal, promotion, pay
and service conditions;
employer-employee Whitley commission, Administrative ethics,
relations, grievance (learning the topic with paper 2 examples)
redressal mechanism;
Code of conduct;
Administrative ethics

10 Public Policy: DESIGNING A MANUAL OF PUBLIC SERVANT TO

FULFILL THE PURPOSE OF DEMOCRACY
Models of policy- making Systems model, rational models, Incrementalist
and their critique model: Lindbloom, Dror’s normative-optimum
model, mixed model
 Processes of Techniques involved in policy making, models and
conceptualisation, agencies involved in policy process, formal and
planning and informal channels, Perspectives and challenges
implementation, involved.
monitoring, evaluation
and review and their
limitations
State theories and public Role of state in making and implementing the
policy policies, Marx’s views, Socialist view on the state.
formulation.

11 Techniques of HOW TO MAKE ADMINISTRATION MORE

Administrative EFFIECIENT – LEGACY OF SCIENTIFIC
Improvement: MANAGEMENT.
Organisation and The tools, techniques and methods of improving
methods, Work study and administrative ef1iciency.
work management;
e-governance and
information technology;
Management aid tools
like network analysis,
MIS, PERT, CPM.

12 Financial MANAGING THE FUEL OF GOVERNMENT

Administration: BUSINESS EFFECTIVELY.
Monetary and 1iscal In1luencing macroeconomic outcomes using the 2
policies; tools of Monetary and Fiscal Policy, FRBM Act,
2003
Public borrowings and Debt management, transparency and
public debt, accountability, framework and pitfalls.
Budgets - types and Institutions involved in budgetary
forms; process: Parliament, Political Executive, Audit
Department, Parliamentary Committees, Scrutiny
of Budget, Principles of Budget-making
Budgetary process; Implementation of budget, scrutiny of budget,
Financial accountability; reforms in 1inancial management.
Accounts and audit. Types and forms: Legal audit, social audit, ethical
audit.