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2022461 lab5

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2 views

2022461 lab5

Uploaded by

Habib Rahman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Independent University, Bangladesh(IUB)

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

LAB REPORT:05
Experiment Name: Humidity Sensor

on
Course No. EEE 423L (Autumn 2024)
Title of the Course: Sensor and Instrumentation Lab

Submitted by
Name of the Student: Md Alif Hasan Akash
Student’sID : 2022461
Section : 1

Submitted to:
Asif Al Suny(Course Instructor)
Circuit Design
QUESTIONS FOR LAB REPORT

1. Complete the data table and explain the results obtained.


Data Table:
Rectifier Final Output
Output

Ambient 2.26 V 0.10 V


Conditions

After 2.27 V 0.26 V


Breathing

The data table indicates that when air was supplied, the sensor's output increased by (2.27 – 2.26) = 0.01V. This demonstrates that the
sensor is sensitive to environmental changes and delivers precise readings at each measurement point.
2.Describe the working principle of the humidity sensor used in this experiment.

We used a capacitive humidity sensor that measures humidity by detecting changes in capacitance as the material absorbs
moisture. The sensor contains two electrodes separated by a hygroscopic dielectric material. When the material absorbs
moisture, its dielectric constant changes, which in turn affects the capacitance. This variation is converted into an output
signal (voltage or current) proportional to the humidity level. The sensor's accuracy and sensitivity depend on the
dielectric material, electrode design, and calibration, making it ideal for applications such as environmental monitoring
and industrial systems.

2. Explain in detail the hardware setup including the functions of each block and the calibration process
required to perform this experiment. (400 words max)

The hardware setup is designed to measure humidity by converting changes in humidity into a readable output. It begins
with a 40 kHz oscillator that generates a stable high-frequency signal, which is sent to the capacitive humidity sensor. The
capacitance of the sensor varies with humidity, modulating the incoming signal. This modulated signal is then amplified by
an AC amplifier to ensure it is strong enough for further processing.

Next, the signal passes through a 40 kHz filter to isolate the desired frequency and eliminate unwanted noise. The filtered
signal is then directed into a full-wave rectifier, which converts the AC signal into a smooth DC signal that reflects the
humidity changes. The rectified signal is fed into a differential amplifier, which compares it with a reference voltage from
Slide B. This comparison produces an output directly related to the humidity level.

The output from the differential amplifier is further amplified by Amplifier #1 and drives the moving coil meter, visually
indicating the humidity level based on the amplified signal. To calibrate the system, the sensor is exposed to known
humidity levels, and the reference voltage is adjusted using the slide, which acts as a variable resistor. When the moving coil
meter shows a zero reading, the humidity sensor is calibrated. This setup provides a reliable method for detecting and
displaying humidity variations with accuracy.

Md Alif Hasan Akash


Student Name Student ID 2022461

Course Title Sensor and Instrumentation Lab Course Code EEE 423L

Term Spring Summer Autumn Year 2024 Experiment

NameHumidity Sensor Experiment


Number 05
Submission Date 05/12/2024 Due Date 05/12/2024 Tick (√) on the appropriate box (anyone from 1 to 5)
Rubrics(weight) Intermediate (4) Intermediate (2)
Accomplishe d (5) Developing (3) Novice (1)
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