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 Contents OF fREE sAMPLE bOOK
5. Work, Energy and Power P-31 – P-40 S-43 – S-56
Topic 1 : Work
Topic 2 : Energy
Topic 3 : Power
Topic 4 : Collisions
18. Moving Charges and Magnetism P-153 – P-165 S-218 – S-234
Topic 1 : Motion of Charged Particle in Magnetic Field
Topic 2 : Magnetic Field Lines, Biot-Savart’s Law and Ampere’s Circuital Law
Topic 3 : Force and Torque on Current Carrying Conductor
Topic 4 : Galvanometer and its Conversion into Ammeter and Voltmeter

This sample book is prepared from the book "97 JEE Main Physics Online
(2021 - 2012) & Offline (2018 - 2002) Chapterwise + Topicwise Solved
Papers 5th Edition".

ISBN - 9789391025625
MRP-590/-
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 Contents OF cOMPLETE bOOK

Chapter/ Topics Question Solutions

1. Physical World, Units and Measurements P-1 – P-9 S-1 – S-11

Topic 1 : Unit of Physical Quantities
Topic 2 : Dimensions of Physical Quantities
Topic 3 : Errors in Measurements & Experimental physics
2. Motion in a Straight Line P-10 – P-15 S-12 – S-20
Topic 1 : Distance, Displacement & Uniform Motion
Topic 2 : Non-uniform Motion
Topic 3 : Relative Velocity
Topic 4 : Motion Under Gravity
3. Motion in a Plane P-16 – P-21 S-21 – S-29
Topic 1 : Vectors
Topic 2 : Motion in a Plane with Constant Acceleration
Topic 3 : Projectile Motion
Topic 4 : Relative Velocity in Two Dimensions & Uniform Circular Motion
4. Laws of Motion P-22 – P-30 S-30 – S-42
Topic 1 : Ist, IInd & IIIrd Laws of Motion
Topic 2 : Motion of Connected Bodies, Pulley & Equilibrium of Forces
Topic 3 : Friction
Topic 4 : Circular Motion, Banking of Road
5. Work, Energy and Power P-31 – P-40 S-43 – S-56
Topic 1 : Work
Topic 2 : Energy
Topic 3 : Power
Topic 4 : Collisions
6. System of Particles and Rotational Motion P-41 – P-56 S-57 – S-80
Topic 1 : Centre of Mass, Centre of Gravity & Principle of Moments
Topic 2 : Angular Displacement, Velocity and Acceleration
Topic 3 : Torque, Couple and Angular Momentum
Topic 4 : Moment of Inertia and Rotational K.E.
Topic 5 : Rolling Motion
7. Gravitation P-57 – P-64 S-81 – S-93
Topic 1 : Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion
Topic 2 : Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation
Topic 3 : Acceleration due to Gravity
Topic 4 : Gravitational Field and Potential Energy
Topic 5 : Motion of Satellites, Escape Speed and Orbital Velocity

8. Mechanical Properties of Solids P-65 – P-68 S-94 – S-99

Topic 1 : Hooke’s Law & Young’s Modulus
Topic 2 : Bulk and Rigidity Modulus and Work Done in Stretching a Wire

9. Mechanical Properties of Fluids P-69 – P-76 S-100 – S-110

Topic 1 : Pressure, Density, Pascal’s Law and Archimedes’ Principle
Topic 2 : Fluid Flow, Reynold’s Number and Bernoulli’s Principle
Topic 3 : Viscosity and Terminal Velocity
Topic 4 : Surface Tension, Surface Energy and Capillarity

10. Thermal Properties of Matter P-77 – P-83 S-111 – S-120

Topic 1 : Thermometer & Thermal Expansion
Topic 2 : Calorimetry and Heat Transfer
Topic 3 : Newton’s Law of Cooling

11. Thermodynamics P-84 – P-92 S-121 – S-131

Topic 1 : First Law of Thermodynamics
Topic 2 : Specific Heat Capacity and Thermodynamical Processes
Topic 3 : Carnot Engine, Refrigerators and Second Law of Thermodynamics
12. Kinetic Theory P-93 – P-98 S-132 – S-140
Topic 1 : Kinetic Theory of an Ideal Gas and Gas Laws
Topic 2 : Speed of Gas, Pressure and Kinetic Energy
Topic 3 : Degree of Freedom, Specific Heat Capacity, and Mean Free Path
13. Oscillations P-99 – P-107 S-141 – S-154
Topic 1 : Displacement, Phase, Velocity and Acceleration in S.H.M.
Topic 2 : Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion
Topic 3 : Time Period, Frequency, Simple Pendulum and Spring Pendulum
Topic 4 : Damped, Forced Oscillations and Resonance
14. Waves P-108 – P115 S-155 – S-166
Topic 1 : Basic of Mechanical Waves, Progressive and Stationary Waves
Topic 2 : Vibration of String and Organ Pipe
Topic 3 : Beats, Interference and Superposition of Waves
Topic 4 : Musical Sound and Doppler’s Effect

15. Electric Charges and Fields P-116 – P-125 S-167 – S-179

Topic 1 : Electric Charges and Coulomb’s Law
Topic 2 : Electric Field and Electric Field Lines
Topic 3 : Electric Dipole, Electric Flux and Gauss’s Law

16. Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance P-126 – P-137 S-180 – S-196

Topic 1 : Electrostatic Potential and Equipotential Surfaces
Topic 2 : Electric Potential Energy and Work Done in Carrying a Charge
Topic 3 : Capacitors, Grouping of Capacitor and Energy Stored in a Capacitor

17. Current Electricity P-138 – P-152 S-197 – S-217

Topic 1 : Electric Current, Drift of Electrons, Ohm’s Law, Resistance and Resistivity
Topic 2 : Combination of Resistances
Topic 3 : Kirchhoff ’s Laws, Cells, Thermo e.m.f. Electrolysis
Topic 4 : Heating Effect of Current
Topic 5 : Wheatstone Bridge and Different Measuring Instruments

18. Moving Charges and Magnetism P-153 – P-165 S-218 – S-234

Topic 1 : Motion of Charged Particle in Magnetic Field
Topic 2 : Magnetic Field Lines, Biot-Savart’s Law and Ampere’s Circuital Law
Topic 3 : Force and Torque on Current Carrying Conductor
Topic 4 : Galvanometer and its Conversion into Ammeter and Voltmeter
19. Magnetism and Matter P-166 – P-170 S-235 – S-239
Topic 1 : Magnetism, Gauss’s Law, Magnetic Moment, Properties of Magnet
Topic 2 : The Earth Magnetism, Magnetic Materials and their Properties
Topic 3 : Magnetic Equipment
20. Electromagnetic Induction P-171 – P-177 S-240 – S-246
Topic 1 : Magnetic Flux, Faraday’s and Lenz’s Law
Topic 2 : Motional and Static EMI and Application of EMI
21. Alternating Current P-178 – P-185 S-247 – S-257
Topic 1 : Alternating Current, Voltage and Power
Topic 2 : AC Circuit, LCR Circuit, Quality and Power Factor
Topic 3 : Transformers and LC Oscillations
22. Electromagnetic Waves P-186 – P-192 S-258 – S-266
Topic 1 : Electromagnetic Waves, Conduction and Displacement Current
Topic 2 : Electromagnetic Spectrum
23. Ray Optics and Optical Instruments P-193 – P-204 S-267 – S-283
Topic 1 : Plane Mirror, Spherical Mirror and Reflection of Light
Topic 2 : Refraction of Light at Plane Surface and Total Internal Reflection
Topic 3 : Refraction at Curved Surface Lenses and Power of Lens
Topic 4 : Prism and Dispersion of Light
Topic 5 : Optical Instruments
24. Wave Optics P-205 – P-213 S-284 – S-293
Topic 1 : Wavefront, Interference of Light, Coherent and Incoherent Sources
Topic 2 : Young’s Double Slit Experiment
Topic 3 : Diffraction, Polarisation of Light and Resolving Power
25. Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter P-214 – P-221 S-294 – S-305
Topic 1 : Matter Waves, Cathode and Positive Rays
Topic 2 : Photon, Photoelectric Effect X-rays and Davisson-Germer Experiment
26. Atoms P-222 – P-226 S-306 – S-312
Topic 1 : Atomic Structure and Rutherford’s Nuclear Model
Topic 2 : Bohr’s Model and the Spectra of the Hydrogen Atom
27. Nuclei P-227 – P-231 S-313 – S-319
Topic 1 : Composition and Size of the Nuclei
Topic 2 : Mass-Energy Equivalence and Nuclear Reactions
Topic 3 : Radioactivity
28. Semiconductor Electronics : Materials,
Devices and Simple Circuits P-232 – P-244 S-320 – S-330
Topic 1 : Solids, Semiconductors and P-N Junction Diode
Topic 2 : Junction Transistor
Topic 3 : Digital Electronics and Logic Gates
29. Communication Systems P-245 – P-248 S-331 – S-334
Topic 1 : Communication Systems
Mock Test 1 with Solutions MT-1 – MT-8

Mock Test 2 with Solutions MT-9 – MT-16

 31

Work, Energy
5 and Power
of the inclined plane. If BC = 2AC, the coefficient of friction
TOPIC 1 is given by = k tan . The value of k is _________.
[NA 2 Sep. 2020 (I)]
6. Consider a force F xiˆ yjˆ . The work done by this
force in moving a particle from point A(1, 0) to B(0, 1)
along the line segment is: (all quantities are in SI units)
1. Two persons A and B perform same amount of work in [9 Jan. 2020 I]
moving a body through a certain distance d with
application of forces acting at angle 45° and 60° with the
direction of displacement respectively. The ratio of force
1
applied by person A to the force applied by person B .
x
is The value of x is _________ . [NA, Aug. 27, 2021 (I)]
2. A force of F = (5y + 20) ĵ N acts on a particle. The work
done by this force when the particle is moved from y = 0
m to y = 10 m is _______ J. [NA, July 25, 2021 (II)]
3. A porter lifts a heavy suitcase of mass 80 kg and at the 1 3
destination lowers it down by a distance of 80 cm with a (a) 2J (b)J (c) 1J (d) J
2 2
constant velocity. Calculate the work done by the porter 7. A block of mass m is kept on a platform which starts
in lowering the suitcase. (take g = 9.8 ms–2) from rest with constant acceleration g/2 upward, as
[July 22, 2021 (II)] shown in fig. work done by normal reaction on block in
(a) –62720.0 J (b) –627.2 J time t is: [10 Jan. 2019 I]
(c) +627.2 J (d) 784.0 J
4. A person pushes a box on a rough horizontal platform
surface. He applies a force of 200 N over a distance of
15 m. Thereafter, he gets progressively tired and his applied
force reduces linearly with distance to 100 N. The total m g2 t 2 m g2 t2
distance through which the box has been moved is 30 m. (a) (b)
8 8
What is the work done by the person during the total
movement of the box ? [4 Sep. 2020 (II)] 3m g 2 t 2
(a) 3280 J (b) 2780 J (c) 0 (d)
8
(c) 5690 J (d) 5250 J 8. When a rubber-band is stretched by a distance x, it exerts
5. B restoring force of magnitude F = ax + bx2 where a and b are
C constants. The work done in stretching the unstretched
rubber-band by L is: [2014]
A
1
A small block starts slipping down from a point B on an (a) aL2 bL3 (b) aL2 bL3
inclined plane AB, which is making an angle with the 2
horizontal section BC is smooth and the remaining section
aL2 bL3 1 aL2 bL3
CA is rough with a coefficient of friction . It is found that (c) (d) 2 2
2 3 3
the block comes to rest as it reaches the bottom (point A)
 32
9. A uniform chain of length 2 m is kept on a table such that As shown in the figure, a particle of mass 10 kg is placed at
a length of 60 cm hangs freely from the edge of the table. a point A. When the particle is slightly displaced to its
The total mass of the chain is 4 kg. What is the work done right, it starts moving and reaches the point B. The speed
in pulling the entire chain on the table ? [2004] of the particle at B is x m/s.
(a) 12 J (b) 3.6 J (c) 7.2 J (d) 1200 J (Take g = 10 m/s2)
10. A force F The value of ‘x’ to the nearest integer is________.
(5i 3 j 2k ) N is applied over a particle
[March 18, 2021 (I)]
which displaces it from its origin to the point r (2i j )m. 18. A ball of mass 4 kg, moving with a velocity of 10ms–1,
The work done on the particle in joules is collides with a spring of length 8 m and force constant 100
[2004, Online May 7 2012 S,] Nm–1. The length of the compressed spring is x m. The
(a) +10 (b) +7 (c) –7 (d) +13 value of x, to the nearest integer, is ________.
11. A spring of spring constant 5 × 103 N/m is stretched initially [March 18, 2021 (II)]
by 5cm from the unstretched position. Then the work 19. Two particles having masses 4 g and 16 g respectively are
required to stretch it further by another 5 cm is moving with equal kinetic energies. The ratio of the
[2002 S, 2003] magnitudes of their momentum is n : 2. The value of n will
(a) 12.50 N-m (b) 18.75 N-m [Feb. 25, 2021 (II)]
(c) 25.00 N-m (d) 6.25 N-m 20. Two solids A and B of mass 1 kg and 2 kg respectively are
moving with equal linear momentum. The ratio of their
TOPIC 2 A
kinetic energies (K.E.)A : (K.E.)B will be , so the value of
1
A will be ________. [Feb. 24, 2021 (II)]
21. A cricket ball of mass 0.15 kg is thrown vertically up by a
bowling machine so that it rises to a maximum height of 20
12. An engine is attached to a wagon through a shock absorber m after leaving the machine. If the part pushing the ball
of length 1.5 m. The system with a total mass of 40,000 kg applies a constant force F on the ball and moves
is moving with a speed of 72 kmh –1 when the brakes are horizontally a distance of 0.2 m while launching the ball,
applied to bring it to rest. In the process of the system the value of F (in N) is (g = 10 ms–2) __________.
being brought to rest, the spring of the shock absorber [NA 3 Sep. 2020 (I)]
gets compressed by 1.0 m. If 90% of energy of the wagon 22. A particle (m = l kg) slides down a frictionless track (AOC)
is lost due to friction, the spring constant is _______ starting from rest at a point A (height 2 m). After reaching
× 105 N/m. [NA, Sep. 1, 2021 (II)] C, the particle continues to move freely in air as a projectile.
13. A body of mass ‘m’ dropped from a height ‘h’ reaches the When it reaching its highest point P (height 1 m), the
kinetic energy of the particle (in J) is: (Figure drawn is
ground with a speed of 0.8 gh. The value of workdone schematic and not to scale; take g = 10 ms–2)
by the air-friction is : [Sep. 1, 2021 (II)] [NA 7 Jan. 2020 I]
(a) –0.68 mgh (b) mgh Height
(c) 1.64 mgh (d) 0.64 mgh A
P
14. A block moving horizontally on a smooth surface with a
speed of 40 ms–1 splits into two equal parts. If one of the
2m C
parts moves at 60 ms–1 in the same direction, then the
fractional change in the kinetic energy will be x : 4 where x
=__________. [NA, Aug. 31, 2021 (I)]
15. A uniform chain of length 3 meter and mass 3 kg overhangs O
a smooth table with 2 meter laying on the table. If k is the
23. A particle moves in one dimension from rest under the
kinetic energy of the chain in joule as it completely slips
influence of a force that varies with the distance travelled
off the table, then the value of k is _________ .
by the particle as shown in the figure. The kinetic energy
(Take g = 10 m/s2) [NA, Aug. 26, 2021 (I)]
of the particle after it has travelled 3 m is :
16. If the Kinetic energy of a moving body becomes four
[8 April 2019 I, 7 Jan. 2020 II]
times its initial Kinetic energy, then the percentage change
in its momentum will be : [July 20, 2021 (II)]
(a) 100% (b) 200% (c) 300% (d) 400%
A
17. C
B
tal
ri zon ce 10 m
ho urfa 5m
s (a) 4 J (b) 2.5 J (c) 6.5 J (d) 5 J
 33
24. A spring whose unstretched length is l has a force 30. A force acts on a 2 kg object so that its position is given
constant k. The spring is cut into two pieces of unstretched as a function of time as x = 3t2 + 5. What is the work
lengths 11 and l2 where, l1 = nl2 and n is an integer. The done by this force in first 5 seconds?
ratio k1/k2 of the corresponding force constants, k1 and k2 [9 Jan. 2019 II]
will be: [12 April 2019 II] (a) 850 J (b) 950 J
(c) 875 J (d) 900 J
1 1
(a) n (b) 2 (c) (d) n2 31. A particle is moving in a circular path of radius a under the
n n
25. A body of mass 1 kg falls freely from a height of 100m, on k
action of an attractive potential U . Its total energy is:
a platform of mass 3 kg which is mounted on a spring 2r 2
having spring constant k = 1.25 × 106 N/m. The body sticks [2018]
to the platform and the spring’s maximum compression is
k k
found to be x. Given that g = 10 ms–2, the value of x will be (a) 2 (b)
close to : [11 April 2019 I] 4a 2a 2
(a) 40 cm (b) 4 cm (c) 80 cm (d) 8 cm 3 k
26. A uniform cable of mass ‘M’ and length ‘L’ is placed on a (c) zero (d)
2 a2
th
1 32. Two particles of the same mass m are moving in circular
horizontal surface such that its part is hanging
n 16 3
orbits because of force, given by F(r) r
below the edge of the surface. To lift the hanging part of r
the cable upto the surface, the work done should be: The first particle is at a distance r = 1, and the second, at
[9 April 2019 I] r = 4. The best estimate for the ratio of kinetic energies of
MgL MgL 2MgL the first and the second particle is closest to
(a) 2 (b) 2 (c) (d) nMgL [Online April 16, 2018]
2n n n2
(a) 10–1 (b) 6 × 10–2 (c) 6 × 102 (d) 3 × 10–3
27. A wedge of mass M = 4m lies on a frictionless plane. A
33. A body of mass m = 10–2 kg is moving in a medium and
particle of mass m approaches the wedge with speed v. There
experiences a frictional force F = –kv2. Its intial speed is v0
is no friction between the particle and the plane or between
the particle and the wedge. The maximum height climbed by 1 2
= 10 ms–1. If, after 10 s, its energy ismv0 , the value of k
the particle on the wedge is given by: [9 April 2019 II] 8

v2 2v 2 2v 2 v2
will be: [2017]
–4
(a) 10 kg m –1 –1
(b) 10 kg m s –1 –1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
g 7g 5g 2g
(c) 10–3 kg m–1 (d) 10–3 kg s–1
28. A particle which is experiencing a force, given by 34. An object is dropped from a height h from the ground.
F 3i 12 j, undergoes a displacement of d 4i. If Every time it hits the ground it looses 50% of its kinetic
energy. The total distance covered as t is
the particle had a kinetic energy of 3 J at the beginning
[Online April 8, 2017]
of the displacement, what is its kinetic energy at the end
(a) 3h (b)
of the displacement? [10 Jan. 2019 II]
(a) 9 J (b) 12 J 5 8
(c) h (d) h
(c) 10 J (d) 15 J 3 3
29. A block of mass m, lying on a smooth horizontal surface, 35. A time dependent force F = 6t acts on a particle of mass
is attached to a spring (of negligible mass) of spring 1 kg. If the particle starts from rest, the work done by the
constant k. The other end of the spring is fixed, as shown force during the first 1 second will be [2017]
in the figure. The block is initally at rest in its equilibrium (a) 9 J (b) 18 J (c) 4.5 J (d) 22 J
position. If now the block is pulled with a constant force 36. A point particle of mass m, moves long the uniformly rough
F, the maximum speed of the block is: [9 Jan. 2019 I] track PQR as shown in the figure. The coefficient of friction,
between the particle and the rough track equals . The
particle is released, from rest from the point P and it comes to
m F rest at a point R. The energies, lost by the ball, over the parts,
PQ and QR, of the track, are equal to each other, and no
energy is lost when particle changes direction from PQ to QR.
2F F F F
(a) (b) (c) (d) The value of the coefficient of friction and the distance
mk mk mk mk x (= QR), are, respectively close to : [2016]
 34
42. The potential energy function for the force between two
P atoms in a diatomic molecule is approximately given by
h=2m a b
U(x) = 12 , where a and b are constants and x is the
30° R x x6
Horizontal Q distance between the atoms. If the dissociation energy of
Surface
the molecule is
(a) 0.29 and 3.5 m (b) 0.29 and 6.5 m
(c) 0.2 and 6.5 m (d) 0.2 and 3.5 m D U (x ) U at equilibrium , D is [2010]
37. A person trying to lose weight by burning fat lifts a mass
of 10 kg upto a height of 1 m 1000 times. Assume that the b2 b2
(a) (b)
potential energy lost each time he lowers the mass is 2a 12a
dissipated. How much fat will he use up considering the
work done only when the weight is lifted up? Fat supplies b2 b2
(c) (d)
3.8 × 107 J of energy per kg which is converted to 4a 6a
mechanical energy with a 20% efficiency rate. Take g = 9.8 43. An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100
ms–2 : [2016] m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the
(a) 9.89 × 10–3 kg (b) 12.89 × 10–3 kg range [2008]
(c) 2.45 × 10–3 kg (d) 6.45 × 10–3 kg (a) 200 J - 500 J (b) 2 × 105 J - 3 × 105 J
38. A particle is moving in a circle of radius r under the action (c) 20, 000 J - 50,000 J (d) 2,000 J - 5, 000 J
of a force F = r2 which is directed towards centre of the 44. A 2 kg block slides on a horizontal floor with a speed of 4m/s.
circle. Total mechanical energy (kinetic energy + potential It strikes a uncompressed spring, and compresses it till the
energy) of the particle is (take potential energy = 0 for r = 0) : block is motionless. The kinetic friction force is 15N and spring
[Online April 11, 2015] constant is 10,000 N/m. The spring compresses by [2007]
1 3 5 3 (a) 8.5 cm (b) 5.5 cm (c) 2.5 cm (d) 11.0 cm
(a) r (b) r 45. A particle is projected at 60o to the horizontal with a kinetic
2 6
energy K. The kinetic energy at the highest point is
4 3 (a) K /2 (b) K [2007]
(c) r (d) r3 (c) Zero (d) K /4
3
46. A particle of mass 100g is thrown vertically upwards with
th
1 a speed of 5 m/s. The work done by the force of gravity
39. A bullet looses of its velocity passing through during the time the particle goes up is [2006]
n
(a) –0.5 J (b) –1.25 J (c) 1.25 J (d) 0.5 J
one plank. The number of such planks that are required to
47. The potential energy of a 1 kg particle free to move along
stop the bullet can be: [Online April 19, 2014]

n2 2n 2 x4 x2
(a) the x-axis is given by V ( x) J.
(b) (c) infinite (d) n 4 2
2n 1 n 1
40. Two springs of force constants 300 N/m The total mechanical energy of the particle is 2 J. Then, the
(Spring A) and 400 N/m (Spring B) are joined together in maximum speed (in m/s) is [2006]
series. The combination is compressed by 8.75 cm. The
3
E E (a) (b) 2
ratio of energy stored in A and B is A . Then A is 2
EB EB
1
equal to : [Online April 9, 2013] (c) (d) 2
2
4 16 3 9
(a) (b) (c) (d) 48. A mass of M kg is suspended by a weightless string. The
3 9 4 16
horizontal force that is required to displace it until the
41. At time t = 0 a particle starts moving along the x-axis. If its string makes an angle of 45° with the initial vertical direction
kinetic energy increases uniformly with time ‘t’, the net is [2006]
force acting on it must be proportional to [2011 RS]
(a) constant (b) t (a) Mg ( 2 1) (b) Mg 2

1 Mg
(c) (d) t (c) (d) Mg ( 2 1)
t 2
 35
49. A spherical ball of mass 20 kg is stationary at the top of a 56. A 60 HP electric motor lifts an elevator having a maximum
hill of height 100 m. It rolls down a smooth surface to the total load capacity of 2000 kg. If the frictional force on the
ground, then climbs up another hill of height 30 m and finally elevator is 4000 N, the speed of the elevator at full load is
rolls down to a horizontal base at a height of 20 m above the close to: (1 HP = 746 W, g = 10 ms–2) [7 Jan. 2020 I]
ground. The velocity attained by the ball is (a) 1.7 ms–1 (b) 1.9 ms–1
[2005] (c) 1.5 ms–1 (d) 2.0 ms–1
(a) 20 m/s (b) 40 m/s 57. A particle of mass M is moving in a circle of fixed radius R
in such a way that its centripetal acceleration at time t is
(c) 10 30 m/s (d) 10 m/s
given by n2R t2 where n is a constant. The power delivered
50. A particle moves in a straight line with retardation to the particle by the force acting on it, is :
proportional to its displacement. Its loss of kinetic energy [Online April 10, 2016]
for any displacement x is proportional to [2004]
(a) x (b) ex (c) x2 (d) loge x 1
(a) M n2 R2t2 (b) M n2R2t
51. A particle is acted upon by a force of constant magnitude 2
which is always perpendicular to the velocity of the particle, (c) M n R2t2 (d) M n R2t
the motion of the particles takes place in a plane. It follows 58. A wind-powered generator converts wind energy into electrical
that [2004] energy. Assume that the generator converts a fixed fraction
(a) its kinetic energy is constant of the wind energy intercepted by its blades into electrical
(b) its acceleration is constant energy. For wind speed , the electrical power output will be
(c) its velocity is constant most likely proportional to
(d) it moves in a straight line [Online April 25, 2013]
52. A wire suspended vertically from one of its ends is (a) 4 (b) 2 (c) (d)
stretched by attaching a weight of 200N to the lower end. 59. A body of mass ‘m’, accelerates uniformly from rest to ‘v1’
The weight stretches the wire by 1 mm. Then the elastic in time ‘t1’. The instantaneous power delivered to the body
energy stored in the wire is [2003] as a function of time ‘t’ is [2004]
(a) 0.2 J (b) 10 J (c) 20 J (d) 0.1 J
mv1t 2 mv12t
53. A ball whose kinetic energy is E, is projected at an angle of (a) (b)
45° to the horizontal. The kinetic energy of the ball at the t1 t12
highest point of its flight will be [2002]
mv1t mv12t
(a) E (b) E / 2 (c) E/2 (d) zero (c) t1 (d)
t1
60. A body is moved along a straight line by a machine
TOPIC 3 delivering a constant power. The distance moved by the
body in time ‘t’ is proportional to [2003]
(a) t 3/4 (b) t 3/2
(c) t 1/4 (d) t 1/2
54. A body of mass 2 kg is driven by an engine delivering a TOPIC 4
constant power of 1 J/s. The body starts from rest and
moves in a straight line. After 9 seconds, the body has
moved a distance (in m) ________. [5 Sep. 2020 (II)]
55. A particle is moving unidirectionally on a horizontal plane
under the action of a constant power supplying energy
61. A body of mass M moving at speed V0 collides elastically
source. The displacement (s) - time (t) graph that describes
the motion of the particle is (graphs are drawn schematically with a mass ‘m’ at rest. After the collision, the two masses
and are not to scale) : [3 Sep. 2020 (II)] move at angles 1 and 2 with respect to the initial direction
S S
of motion of the body of mass M. The largest possible
value of the ratio M/m, for which the angles 1 and 2 will
be equal, is : [Aug. 31, 2021 (I)]
(a) (b) (a) 4 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) 2
62. A block moving horizontally on a smooth surface with a
t t speed of 40 m/s splits into two parts with masses in the
S S ratio of 1:2. If the smaller part moves at 60 m/s in the same
direction, then the fractional change in kinetic energy is :-
[Aug. 31, 2021 (II)]
(c) (d) 1 2 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
t t 3 3 8 4
 36
comes momentarily to rest at the end of its arc. The speed
63. A ball of mass 10 kg moving with a velocity 10 3 m/s
of the bullet just before collision is :
along the x-axis, hits another ball of mass 20 kg which is at
rest. After the collision, first ball comes to rest while the (take g = 9.8 ms–2) [March 16, 2021 (II)]
second ball disintegrates into two equal pieces. One piece
starts moving along y-axis with a speed of 10 m/s. The
second piece starts moving at an angle of 30° with respect
to the x-axis.
The velocity of the ball moving at 30° with x-axis is x m/s.
The configuration of pieces after collision is shown in the
m h
figure below. M
The value of x to the nearest integer is ______. v
[March 18, 2021 (I)]
y-axis (a) 821.4 m/s (b) 831.4 m/s
Piece 1
v1 = 10 m/s (c) 841.4 m/s (d) 811.4 m/s
67. Given below are two statements : one is labelled as
Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
x-axis Assertion A : Body ‘P’ having mass M moving with speed
30° ‘u’ has head-on collision elastically with another body ‘Q’
will have a maximum speed equal to ‘2u’ after collision.
Reason R : During elastic collision, the momentum and
v2 kinetic energy are both conserved.
64. A object of mass m1 collides with another object of mass In the light of the above statements, choose the most
m2, which is at rest. After the collision the objects move appropriate answer from the options given below :
with equal speeds in opposite direction. The ratio of the [Feb. 26, 2021 (I)]
masses m2 : m1 is: [March 18, 2021 (II)] (a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation
(a) 2 : 1 (b) 3 : 1
of A
(c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 1
(b) A is not correct but R is correct
65. A ball of mass 10 kg moving with a velocity 10 3ms 1 (c) A is correct but R is not correct
along X-axis, hits another ball of mass 20 kg which is at (d) Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct
rest. After collision, the first ball comes to rest and the explanation of A
second one disintegrates into two equal pieces. One of
68. A ball with a speed of 9 m/s collides with another identical
the pieces starts moving along Y-axis at a speed of 10 m/s.
The second piece starts moving at a speed of 20 m/s at an ball at rest. After the collision, the direction of each ball
angle (degree) with respect to the X-axis. makes an angle of 30° with the original direction. The ratio
The configuration of pieces after collision is shown in the figure. of velocities of the balls after collision is x : y, where x is
The value of to the nearest integer is _________. _________. [Feb. 24, 2021 (I)]
[March 16, 2021 (I)] 69. Two bodies of the same mass are moving with the same
After Collision speed, but in different directions in a plane. They have a
Y
completely inelastic collision and move together thereafter
with a final speed which is half of their initial speed. The
angle between the initial velocities of the two bodies (in
degree) is ______. [NA 6 Sep. 2020 (I)]
X-axis
70. Particle A of mass m1 moving with velocity ( 3i 1
j ) ms
collides with another particle B of mass m2 which is at rest
initially. Let V1 and V2 be the velocities of particles A and
B after collision respectively. If m1 = 2m2 and after collision
66. A large block of wood of mass M = 5.99 kg is hanging from
two long massless cords. A bullet of mass m = 10 g is fired 1
V1 (i 3 j ) ms , the angle between V1 and V2 is :
into the block and gets embedded in it. The (block + bullet)
[6 Sep. 2020 (II)]
then swing upwards, their centre of mass rising a vertical
(a) 15º (b) 60º
distance h = 9.8 cm before the (block + bullet) pendulum
(c) – 45º (d) 105º
 37
71. Blocks of masses m, 2m, 4m and 8m are arranged in a line on
1 1
a frictionless floor. Another block of mass m, moving with (a) mu2 (b) mu2
3 8
speed v along the same line (see figure) collides with mass
m in perfectly inelastic manner. All the subsequent collisions 3 2
are also perfectly inelastic. By the time the last block of (c) mu2 (d) mu2
4 3
mass 8m starts moving the total energy loss is p% of the
original energy. Value of ‘p’ is close to : [4 Sep. 2020 (I)] 76. A body A, of mass m = 0.1 kg has an initial velocity of 3 iˆ ms–1.
v It collides elastically with another body, B of the same
mass which has an initial velocity of 5 ĵ ms–1. After
m m 2m 4m 8m
collision, A moves with a velocity v 4 iˆ ˆj . The
(a) 77 (b) 94
(c) 37 (d) 87
x
72. A block of mass 1.9 kg is at rest at the edge of a table, of energy of B after collision is written as J. The value of
10
height 1 m. A bullet of mass 0.1 kg collides with the block
and sticks to it. If the velocity of the bullet is 20 m/s in the x is _______. [NA 8 Jan. 2020 I]
horizontal direction just before the collision then the kinetic 77. A particle of mass m is dropped from a height h above the
energy just before the combined system strikes the floor, ground. At the same time another particle of the same
is [Take g = 10 m/s2. Assume there is no rotational motion mass is thrown vertic ally upwards from the ground with
and losss of energy after the collision is negligiable.] a speed of 2 gh . If they collide head-on completely
[3 Sep. 2020 (II)]
inelastically, the time taken for the combined mass to reach
(a) 20 J (b) 21 J
(c) 19 J (d) 23 J h
the ground, in units of is: [8 Jan. 2020 II]
73. A particle of mass m with an initial velocity u iˆ collides g
perfectly elastically with a mass 3 m at rest. It moves with
1 3 1 3
a velocity v ˆj after collision, then, v is given by : (a) (b) (c) (d)
2 4 2 2
[2 Sep. 2020 (I)] 78. A man (mass = 50 kg) and his son (mass = 20 kg) are
u standing on a frictionless surface facing each other. The
2
(a) v u (b) v man pushes his son so that he starts moving at a speed of
3 3
0.70 ms–1 with respect to the man. The speed of the man
u 1 with respect to the surface is : [12 April 2019 I]
(c) v (d) v u (a) 0.28 ms–1 (b) 0.20 ms–1
2 6
(c) 0.47 ms–1 (d) 0.14 ms–1
74. A particle of mass m is moving along the x-axis with initial 79. Two particles, of masses M and 2M, moving, as shown,
velocity uiˆ. It collides elastically with a particle of mass with speeds of 10 m/s and 5 m/s, collide elastically at the
10 m at rest and then moves with half its initial kinetic origin. After the collision, they move along the indicated
directions with speeds v1 and v2, respectively. The values
energy (see figure). If sin 1 n sin 2 , then value of n of v1 and v2 are nearly : [10 April 2019 I]
is ___________. [NA 2 Sep. 2020 (II)]
m
1
m 10 m 2
ui
10 m
75. Two particles of equal mass m have respective initial

iˆ ˆj
velocities uiˆ and u 2 . They collide completely (a) 6.5 m/s and 6.3 m/s (b) 3.2 m/s and 6.3 m/s
(c) 6.5 m/s and 3.2 m/s (d) 3.2 m/s and 12.6 m/s
inelastically. The energy lost in the process is: [9 Jan. 2020 I]
 38
80. A body of mass 2 kg makes an elastic collision with a [9 Jan. 2019 I]
second body at rest and continues to move in the original A B C
direction but with one fourth of its original speed. What m
m M
is the mass of the second body? [9 April 2019 I]
(a) 1.0 kg (b) 1.5 kg (a) 5 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 3
(c) 1.8 kg (d) 1.2 kg 86. In a collinear collision, a particle with an initial speed 0
81. A particle of mass ‘m’ is moving with speed ‘2v’ and strikes a stationary particle of the same mass. If the final
collides with a mass ‘2m’ moving with speed ‘v’ in the total kinetic energy is 50% greater than the original kinetic
same direction. After collision, the first mass is stopped energy, the magnitude of the relative velocity between the
completely while the second one splits into two particles two particles, after collision, is: [2018]
each of mass ‘m’, which move at angle 45° with respect to
the original direction. [9 April 2019 II] 0 0 0
(a) (b) 2 0 (c) (d)
The speed of each of the moving particle will be: 4 2 2
(a) 2 v (b) 2 2 v 87. The mass of a hydrogen molecule is 3.32×10–27 kg. If 1023
hydrogen molecules strike, per second, a fixed wall of area
(c) v / (2 2) (d) v/ 2 2 cm2 at an angle of 45° to the normal, and rebound
82. A body of mass m1 moving with an unknown velocity of elastically with a speed of 103 m/s, then the pressure on
v1 iˆ , undergoes a collinear collision with a body of mass the wall is nearly: [2018]
(a) 2.35 × 103 N/m2 (b) 4.70 × 103 N/m2
m2 moving with a velocity v2 iˆ . After collision, m1 and m2 (c) 2.35 × 102 N/m2 (d) 4.70 × 102 N/m2
move with velocities of v3 iˆ and v4 iˆ , respectively.. 88. It is found that if a neutron suffers an elastic collinear
collision with deuterium at rest, fractional loss of its energy
If m2 = 0.5 m1 and v3 = 0.5 v1, then v1 is : [8 April 2019 II]
is pd; while for its similar collision with carbon nucleus at
v2 rest, fractional loss of energy is Pc. The values of Pd and
(a) v4 – (b) v4 – v2
2 Pc are respectively: [2018]

v2 (a) 89, 28 (b) 28, 89

(c) v4 – (d) v4 + v2
4 (c) (d)
83. An alpha-particle of mass m suffers 1-dimensional elastic 89. Two particles A and B of equal mass M are moving with
collision with a nucleus at rest of unknown mass. It is the same speed v as shown in the figure. They collide
scattered directly backwards losing, 64% of its initial completely inelastically and move as a single particle C.
kinetic energy. The mass of the nucleus is : The angle that the path of C makes with the X-axis is
[12 Jan. 2019 II] given by: [Online April 9, 2017]
(a) 2 m (b) 3.5 m 3 2 Y
(c) 1.5 m (d) 4 m (a) tan
1 2
84. A piece of wood of mass 0.03 kg is dropped from the
C
top of a 100 m height building. At the same time, a bullet 3 2
(b) tan
of mass 0.02 kg is fired vertically upward, with a velocity 1 2 X
100 ms–1, from the ground. The bullet gets embedded in
A 45°
the wood. Then the maximum height to which the 1 2 30°
(c) tan B
combined system reaches above the top of the building 2(1 3)
before falling below is: (g = 10 ms–2) [10 Jan. 2019 I]
(a) 20 m (b) 30 m (c) 40 m (d) 10 m 1 3
(d) tan
85. There block A, B and C are lying on a smooth horizontal 1 2
surface, as shown in the figure. A and B have equal masses, 90. A particle of mass m moving in the x direction with speed
m while C has mass M. Block A is given an inital speed v 2v is hit by another particle of mass 2m moving in the y
towards B due to which it collides with B perfectly direction with speed v. If the collision is perfectly inelastic,
inelastically. The combined mass collides with C, also the percentage loss in the energy during the collision is
5 close to : [2015]
perfectly inelastically th of the initial kinetic energy is (a) 56% (b) 62%
6
(c) 44% (d) 50%
lost in whole process. What is value of M/m?
 39
91. A bullet of mass 4g is fired horizontally with a speed of (c) Statement -1 is false, Statement -2 is true.
300 m/s into 0.8 kg block of wood at rest on a table. If the (d) Statement -1 is true, Statement -2 is false.
coefficient of friction between the block and the table is 96. A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms–
1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg
0.3, how far will the block slide approximately?
[Online April 12, 2014] and then they move together as a single body. The energy
(a) 0.19 m (b) 0.379 m loss during the collision is [2008]
(c) 0.569 m (d) 0.758 m (a) 0.16 J (b) 1.00 J
92. This question has statement I and statement II. Of the four (c) 0.67 J (d) 0.34 J
choices given after the statements, choose the one that 97. A bomb of mass 16kg at rest explodes into two pieces of
best describes the two statements. masses 4 kg and 12 kg. The velolcity of the 12 kg mass is
Statement - I: Apoint particle of mass m moving with speed 4 ms–1. The kinetic energy of the other mass is [2006]
collides with stationary point particle of mass M. If the (a) 144 J (b) 288 J
(c) 192 J (d) 96 J
1 2 98. The block of mass M moving on the frictionless horizontal
maximum energy loss possible is given as f mv
2 surface collides with the spring of spring constant k and
compresses it by length L. The maximum momentum of
m the block after collision is [2005]
then f = .
M m
Statement - II: Maximum energy loss occurs when the particles M
get stuck together as a result of the collision.
[2013]
(a) Statement - I is true, Statment - II is true, Statement - II
is the correct explanation of Statement - I. kL2 ML2
(b) Statement-I is true, Statment - II is true, Statement - II (a) (b) Mk L (c) (d) zero
2M k
is not the correct explanation of Statement - II.
99. A mass ‘m’ moves with a velocity ‘v’ and collides
(c) Statement - I is true, Statment - II is false.
inelastically with another identical mass. After collision
(d) Statement - I is false, Statment - II is true.
the l st mass moves with velocity
93. A moving particle of mass m, makes a head on elastic v
in a direction
collision with another particle of mass 2m, which is initially 3
at rest. The percentage loss in energy of the colliding
perpendicular to the initial direction of motion. Find the
particle on collision, is close to [Online May 19, 2012]
(a) 33% (b) 67% speed of the 2 nd mass after collision. [2005]
(c) 90% (d) 10%
m m v
94. A projectile moving vertically upwards with a velocity of 3
A before Aafter
200 ms–1 breaks into two equal parts at a height of 490 m. collision collision
One part starts moving vertically upwards with a velocity of
400 ms–1. How much time it will take, after the break up with (a) 3v (b) v
the other part to hit the ground? [Online May 12, 2012]
v 2
(a) 2 10 s (b) 5 s (c) (d) v
3 3
(c) 10 s (d) 10 s 100. Consider the following two statements : [2003]
A. Linear momentum of a system of particles is zero
95. Statement -1: Two particles moving in the same direction
B. Kinetic energy of a system of particles is zero.
do not lose all their energy in a completely inelastic
Then
collision.
(a) A does not imply B and B does not imply A
Statement -2 : Principle of conservation of momentum
(b) A implies B but B does not imply A
holds true for all kinds of collisions. [2010]
(c) A does not imply B but B implies A
(a) Statement -1 is true, Statement -2 is true ; Statement -
(d) A implies B and B implies A
2 is the correct explanation of Statement -1.
(b) Statement -1 is true, Statement -2 is true; Statement -2
is not the correct explanation of Statement -1
40
 43

5 Work, Energy and Power

1. (2) Work done by A = Work done by B Here, work done by all the forces is zero.
FA dcos 45° = FB dcos 60° Wfriction + Wmg = 0
1 1 mg (3l )sin mg cos (l ) 0
FA FB
2 2 mg cos l 3mgl sin
3tan k tan
FA 2 1
k 3
FB 2 2
6. (c) Work done, W F ds
x=2
2. (450J) Given, xi yjˆ d i dyjˆ
Force, F 5y 20 ˆj 0 1
W – xdx ydy
Work done, w F.dy
1 0
10 10
5y2 1 1
w 5y 20 dy 20y 0 1J
0
2 2 2
0
5 mg 3 mg
100 20 10 450J 7. (d) Here, N – mg = ma = N=
2 2 2
3. (b) From work-energy theorem, N = normal reaction
WPorter + Wmg = K.E. = 0 ( velocity constant) Now, work done by normal reaction ‘N’ on
or, WPorter = –Wmg = –mgh 3mg 1
block in time t, W=NS= g/ t 2
2 2 2
80
WPorter = 80 9.8 627.2J
100 3mg 2 t 2
4. (d) The given situation can be drawn graphically as or, W =
8
shown in figure. 8. (c) Work done in stretching the rubber-band by a
Work done = Area under F-x graph distance dx is
= Area of rectangle ABCD + Area of trapezium BCFE dW = F dx = (ax + bx2)dx
F Integrating both sides,
A B L L
200N aL2 bL3
W axdx bx 2 dx
2 3
E 0 0
100N
9. (b) Mass of over hanging part of the chain
D C F 4
m (0.6)kg = 1.2 kg
15m 30m 2
1 Weight of hanging part of the chain
W (200 15) (100 200) 15 3000 2250 = 1.2 × 10 = 12 N
2
C.M. of hanging part = 0.3 m below the table
W 5250 J Workdone in putting the entire cha in on the table = 12 ×
5. (3) If AC = l then according to question, BC = 2l and AB 0.30 = 3.6 J.
= 3l.
10. (b) Given, Force, F = 5iˆ 3 ˆj 2kˆ
B
Displacement, x = 2iˆ – ˆj
Smooth Work done,
Rough C 3lsin W F x (5iˆ 3 ˆj 2kˆ ) (2iˆ ˆj )
= 10 – 3 = 7 joules
A
 44
11. (b) Spring constant, k = 5 × 103 N/m
Let x1 and x2 be the initial and final stretched position of 2m , 2kg
the spring, then 15. (40)
1 1m
Work done, W k x22 x12
2 1kg
1
5 103 (0.1)2 (0.05)2
2
5000
0.15 0.05 18.75 Nm
2
12. (16) Given,
Mass of engine - wagon system, m = 40,000 kg Loss in potential energy = gain in kinetic energy
Velocity, v = 72 × 5/18 = 20m/s Take zero potential energy at table, initial potential energy

1 2 1 1
K.E mv 40, 000
2
20 = 8000000 J 1 10 5J
2 2 2
As 90% of K.E of system lost in friction, only 10% is 3
Final potential energy 3 1045 J
transfered to spring. 2
Change in potential energy = –5–(–45)J = 40J
1 10
Kx 2 8000000 k = 40
2 100 16. (a) Relation between kinetic energy and linear momentum
is given as
1
K 1 1 800000
2 P2
K.E. K P K
5 2m
K 16 10 N / m
13. (d) Work done by air friction = Final kinetic energy - P2 K2 P2 4K P2
2
Initial potential energy P1 K1 P1 K P1
1 P2 P1 P2
Wair friction mv 2 mgh % 1 100 2 1 100 100
2 P1 P1
1 2
Wair friction m 8 gh mgh P
2 % 100%
P1
64 17. (10) By mechanical energy conservation,
Wair friction mgh mgh 0.68mgh
2 T.EA = T.EB
14. (1) From conservation of linear momentum PEA + KEA = PEB + KEB
Pinitial = Pfinal (and P = mv) 1
mg (10) + 0 = mg (5) + mv2
2
m m
m 40 v 60 v = 2 g 5 = 10 m/s
2 2
x = 10
v 18. (6) Here kinetic energy of ball is equal to P.E. stored in
40 30
2 1 2 1
spring i.e., mv k ( x )2
v = 20 2 2
1 2 1 1
Initial kinetic energy, E1 m 40 800m 4 (10)2 100 ( x ) 2
2 2 2
Final kinetic energy, E2 x=2m
Therefore length of the compressed spring
1m 2 1 m 2 x=8–2= 6m
. 20 . 60 1000 m
22 2 2 19. (1) From P 2mk P m as k is equal for two
E = E2 – E1 =1000m – 800m = 200m particles.
P1 m1 4 1
E 200m 1 x n 1.
x=1 P2 m2 16 2
E1 800m 4 4
 45
P 2 26. (a) W = uf – ui
20. (2) Kinetic energy of a body, K mg L MgL .
2m 0
1 n 2n 2n 2
K ( PA PB ) 27. (c) mv = (m + M) V’
m
mv mv v
KA mB 2 or v =
Now, . m M m 4m 5
KB mA 1 Using conservation of ME, we have
2
1 2 1 v
21. (150.00) From work energy theorem, mv m 4m mgh
2 2 5
1 2
W F s KE mv
2 2 v2
or h
Here V 2 2 gh 5 g
2 1 15 28. (d) Work done = F.d 3i –12J . 4i 12J
F s F 2 10 20
10 2 100 From work energy theorem,
F 150 N. wnet = K.E. = kf – ki
22. (10.00) Kinetic energy = change in potential energy of 12 = kf – 3
the particle, Kf = 15J
29. (d) Maximum speed is at mean position or equilibrium
KE = mg h
At equilibrium Position
Given, m = 1 kg,
h = h2 – h1 = 2 – 1 = 1m F
F = kx x
KE = 1 × 10 × 1 = 10 J k
23. (c) We know area under F-x graph gives the work done From work-energy theorem,
by the body WF Wsp KE
1 1 2 1
W
2
(3 2) (3 2) 2 2 = 2.5 + 4 = 6.5 J F(x) – kx mv 2 0
2 2
Using work energy theorem, 2
K.E = work done F 1 F 1 2
F k mv
K.E = 6.5 J k 2 k 2
24. (c) l1 l2 l and l1 nl2 1 F2 1
mv 2
nl l 2 K 2
l1 and l2
n 1 n 1 F
or, v max
1 mk
As k , 30. (d) Position, x = 3t2 + 5
l
dx d 3t 2 5
k1 l / (n 1) 1 Velocity, v = v
dt dt
k2 (nl ) / (n 1) n
v= 6t +0
25. (b) Velocity of 1 kg block just before it collides with 3 kg
At t = 0 v= 0
block 2gh 2000 m/s And, at t = 5 sec v = 30 m/s
Using principle of conservation of linear momentum just According to work-energy theorem, w = KE
before and just after collision, we get 1 1
or, W mv 2 – 0 (2)(30) 2 900J
2000 2 2
1 2000 4v v m/s 4 kg v u K
4 31. (c) F rˆ rˆ
Initial compression of spring r r3
1.25 × 106 x0 = 30 x0 0 Since particle is moving in circular path
using work energy theorem, mv 2 K K
Wg + Wsp = KE F mv 2
3
r r r2
1 1 2 K
40 x 1.25 106 (02 x 2 ) K.E. mv
2 2 2r 2
1 Total energy = P.E. + K.E.
0 4 v2
2 K K K
solving x 4 cm 2
Zero ( P.E. given)
2r 2r 2 2r 2
 46
32. (b) As the particles moving in circular orbits, So Since work done by friction on parts PQ and QR are equal,
mv2 16 2 µmg x = 2 3 umg
r
r r x = 2 3 3.5m
1 2 1 Using work energy theorem mg sin 30° × 4 = 2 3 µmg + µmgx
Kinetic energy, KE0 mv [16 r 4 ]
2 2
2= 4 3 µ
1
For first particle, r = 1, K1 m(16 1) µ=
2 W mgh 1000 10 9.8 1 1000
1 37. (b) n =
Similarly, for second particle, r = 4, K 2 m (16 256) input input input
2
98000
16 1 Input = = 49 × 104J
K1 17 0.2
2 6 10 2
K 2 16 256 272 49 104
Fat used = = 12.89 × 10–3kg.
2 3.8 107
33. (a) Let Vf is the final speed of the body. 38. (b) As we know, dU = F.dr
From questions, r
ar 3
1 1 V0 U r 2 dr ...(i)
mV f2 mV02 Vf 5 m/ s 0
3
2 8 2
dV dV mv 2
F m kV 2 (10–2) = –kV2 As, r2
dt dt r
5 10 m2v2 = m r3
dV
100 K dt 1 3
2 or, 2m(KE) = r ...(ii)
10 V 0 2
1 1 Total energy = Potential energy + kinetic energy
100 K (10) or, K = 10–4 kgm–1 Now, from eqn (i) and (ii)
5 10
34. (a) (K.E.)' = 50% of K.E. after hit i.e., Total energy = K.E. + P.E.
1
mv '2
50 1
mv 2 v'
v r3 r3 5 3
= r
2 100 2 2 3 2 6
1 39. (a) Let u be the initial velocity of the bullet of mass m.
Coefficient of restitution
2 After passing through a plank of width x, its velocity
Now, total distance travelled by object is decreases to v.
1 4 4 u(n 1)
1
1 e2 2 u–v= or, v u
H h h 3h n n n
1 e2 1
1
If F be the retarding force applied by each plank, then
2 using work – energy theorem,
dV 2
35. (c) Using, F = ma = m 1 1 1 1 n 1
dt Fx = mu2 – mv2 = mu2 – mu2
dV 2 2 2 2 n2
6t 1. [ m = 1 kg given] 2
dt 1 2 1 n 1
v 1 = 2 mu
t2 n2
dV 6t dt V 6 3 ms –1
0 2 0 1 2n 1
[ t = 1 sec given] Fx mu 2
2 n2
From work-energy theorem,
Let P be the number of planks required to stop the bullet.
1 1 Total distance travelled by the bullet before coming to
W = KE = m V 2 u2 = 1 9 4.5 J
2 2 rest = Px
36. (a) Work done by friction at QR = µmgx Using work-energy theorem again,
1
1 2 F Px mu 2 0
In triangle, sin 30° = = 2
2 PQ
1 2n 1 1
PQ = 4m or, P Fx P mu 2 mu 2
2 2 2
Work done by friction at PQ = µmg × Cos 30° × 4 n
3 n2
= µmg × 4 = 2 3 µmg P
2 2n 1
 47
40. (a) Given : k A 300 N / m, k B 400 N / m Assuming the mass of athelet to 40 kg his average K.E
would be
Let when the combination of springs is compressed by
force F. Spring A is compressed by x. Therefore compression 1
K.E 40 (10) 2 2000J
in spring B 2
Assuming mass to 100 kg average kinetic energy
x B (8.75 x) cm
1
F 300 x 400(8.75 x) K.E. 100 (10) 2 5000 J
2
Solving we get, x = 5 cm 44. (b) Suppose the spring gets compressed by x before
x B 8.75 5 3.75cm stopping.
kinetic energy of the block = P.E. stored in the spring +
1
k A (x A )2 work done against friction.
EA 2 300 (5)2 4
2 1 1
EB 1
k B (x B ) 2 400 (3.75) 3 2 (4) 2 10,000 x 2 15 x
2 2 2
41. (c) K.E. t 10,000 x2 + 30x – 32 = 0
K.E. = ct [Here, c = constant] 5000 x 2 15 x 16 0
1 2
2
mv ct 15 (15)2 4 (5000)( 16)
x
2 5000
(mv )2 = 0.055m = 5.5cm.
= ct
2m 45. (d) Let u be the velocity with which the particle is thrown
p2 and m be the mass of the particle. Then
ct ( p = mv) 1
2m K mu 2 . ... (1)
2
p 2ctm
At the highest point the velocity is u cos 60° (only the
dp d 2 ctm horizontal component remains, the vertical component
F= = being zero at the top-most point). Therefore kinetic energy
dt dt
at the highest point.
1
F= 2 cm 1 1 2 K
2 t K' m(u cos 60 )2 mu cos2 60 [From 1]
2 2 4
1 46. (b) Given, Mass of the particle, m = 100g
F Initial speed of the particle, = 5 m/s
t
Final speed of the particle, v = 0
– dU ( x ) Work done by the force of gravity
42. (d) At equilibrium : F =
dx = Loss in kinetic energy of the body.
–d a b 1 1 100
F= 12
– 6 = m (v2 – u2) = (02 – 52)
dx x x 2 2 1000
= –1.25 J
12a 6b 47. (a) Potential energy
F= – 13
x x7
x4 – x2
1 V(x) = joule
4 2
12a 6b 2a 6 For maxima of minima
x
x13 x7 b dV
0 x3 x 0 x 1
a b b2 dx
U at equilibrium = and U(x= ) = 0
2 2a 4a 1 1 1
2a Min. P.E.
b
J
b 4 2 4
K.E.(max.) + P.E.(min.) = 2 (Given)
b2 b2 1 9
D= 0 K.E.(max.) 2
4a 4a 4 4
43. (d) The average speed of the athelete 1 2
5 100 K.E.max . mvmax .
v 10 m / s 2
t 10
1 2 9 3
1 2 1 vmax . vmax.
K.E. mv 2 4 2
2
 48
48. (d) Work done by tension + Work done by force (applied) 2 v2 2 x
+ Work done by gravitational force = change in kinetic v x
–k
energy 2 v1 2 0
Work done by tension is zero kx 2
v22 v12
O 2
1 1 kx 2
m v22 v12 m
45° 2 2 2
Loss in kinetic energy, K x2
B 51. (a) Work done by such force is always zero since force is
A F
acting in a direction perpendicular to velocity.
C F From work-energy theorem = K = 0
K remains constant.
0 F AB Mg AC 0 52. (d) The elastic potential energy
1 1
1 Force extension
AC 2 2
F Mg Mg
AB 1 1
= F x
2 2
1
[ AB sin 45 200 0.001 0.1 J
and 2
2
53. (c) Let u be the speed with which the ball of mass m is
1 projected. Then the kinetic energy (E) at the point of
AC OC OA cos 45 1
2 projection is
u
where = length of the string.] u 2
F Mg ( 2 1)
45°
49. (b)
u
100 2
30 20
1 2
E mu ...(i)
mgH 1 2
mv 2 mgh
2 When the ball is at the highest point of its flight, the speed
Using conservation of energy,
u
Total energy at 100 m height of the ball is (Remember that the horizontal component
= Total energy at 20m height 2
of velocity does not change during a projectile motion).
1 2 The kinetic energy at the highest point
m (10 × 100) m v 10 20
2 2
1 2
1 u 1 mu 2 E
or v 800 or v = 1600 = 40 m/s = m = = [From (i)]
2 2 2 2 2
2
Note : 54. (18) Given, Mass of the body, m = 2 kg
Loss in potential energy = gain in kinetic energy Power delivered by engine, P = 1 J/s
Time, t = 9 seconds
1 2 Power, P = Fv
m g 80 mv
2 P mav [ F ma]
1 2 dv
10 80 v dv
2 m v P a
2 dt dt
v = 1600 or v = 40 m/s
P
50. (c) Given : retardation displacement v dv dt
i.e., a = –kx [Here, k = constant] m
Integrating both sides we get
dv v t
But a v P
dx v dv dt
0
m0
v2 x
vdv 1/ 2
kx v dv kxdx v2 Pt 2 Pt
dx v
v1 0 2 m m
 49
dx 2P 1/ 2 dx Instantaneous powr, P = F v ( ma ) v
t v
dt m dt 2
x t mv1 v1t v1
2 P 1/ 2 m t
dx t dt t1 t1 t1
0
m 0
60. (b) Power, P = Fv = ma.v
2 P t 3/ 2 2P 2 3/ 2
Distance, x t mdv mdv
m 3/ 2 m 3 P= v = c = contant F ma
2 1 2 3/ 2 2 dt dt
x 9 27 18. mv0v = cdt
2 3 3
55. (b) We know that Integrating both sides, we get
Power, P = Fv v t
dv m vdv c dt
But F mav m v
dt 0 0
dv 1 2
P mv P dt mv dv mv ct
dt 2
t v
v2 c.t
Integrating both sides P dt m v dv
2 m
0 0
2c.t
1 2 2P 1/ 2 v2 =
mv v t m
P. t m
2 2c 1 2
t t
v t
2 P 1/ 2 2 P t 3/ 2 m
Distance, s v dt t dt
m m 3/2 dx 2c 12 dx
0 0 t where v
dt m dt
8P 3/ 2 x t
s t s t3/2 2c 1
9m dx t 2 dt
So, graph (b) is correct. m
e 0
56. (b) Total force required to lift maximum load capacity 3
against frictional force = 400 N 2c 2t 2 3
x x t 2
Ftotal = Mg + friction m 3
= 2000 × 10 + 4000
= 20,000 + 4000 = 24000 N v1
Using power, P = F × v M m
60 × 746 = 24000 × v v0 m
61. (c) v=0 1
v = 1.86 m/s 1.9 m/s
Hence speed of the elevator at full load is close to 1.9 ms–1
57. (b) Centripetel acceleration ac = n2Rt2 y
2
v
ac = = n 2 Rt 2 2
R
M
v2 = n 2R 2t 2 x
v = nRt
From momentum conservation along x axis
dv
ac = = nR MV0 = mv1 cos 1 + MV2 cos 2 ...(i)
dt From momentum conservation along y axis
Power = matv = m nR nRt = Mn 2R2t. mv1 sin 1 = MV2 sin 2 ...(ii)
58. (d)
59. (b) Let a be the acceleration of body Putting 1 = 2
Using, v = u + at mv1 sin + MV2 cos ...(iii)
v1 mv1 sin + MV2 sin ...(iv)
v1 0 at1 a Solving equation (iii) & (iv)
t1
mv1 = MV2 & 2V2 cos = V0 ...(iii)
Velocity of the body at instant t,
from energy conservation
v = at
v1t 1 1 1
v MV0 2 mv12 MV2 2
t1 2 2 2
 50
Putting value of V0 & V1 in a bone equation v1 ( v1 )
M M If collision is elastic then, e 1
4 cos 2 1 4 cos2 4 1 4 v 0
m m also, 2v1 = v
M v
3 v1 . . . (ii)
m 2
40 mvs V 60 m/s From equation (i) & (ii)
62. (c) 1 m1
3m 2m m
Using momentum conservation 2 m2 m1
3m × 40 m2 3
= 2mv + m60 m1 1
v = 30 m/s 65. (30) By the conservation of linear momentum along y
Fractional charge in K.E is given by direction
1 1 1
m602 2m 302 3m 402 mv1 sin mv2 0
KE Final K.E Initial K.E 2 2 2
K.E Initial K.E 1 v2 10 1
3m 402 sin
2 v1 20 2
602 2 302 3 402 1 30 .
2 8 66. (b) From energy conservation
3 40
63. (20) Initially mass, m = 10 kg moving 1
and mass m’ = 20 kg at rest (M m) gh (M m)V12
2
Velocity of 10 kg ball = v10 = 10 3 i
Initial total momentum of system
V1 2 gh
Now applying momentum conservation,
= m10 × v10 = 10 × 10 3 i momentum before collision = momentum after collision
After collision first ball comes to rest and second ball mV = (M + m) V1
disintegrates into two equal parts.
Final total momentum of system M m
V V1
m
M (20) M (20)
vy x (cos 30º i sin 30º j ) 5.99 0.01
2 2 V 2 9.8 9.8 10 2
0.01
= 10 10 j 10 x(cos30º i sin 30º j )
= 831.4 m/s.
Now by conservation of momentum 67. (a) As the body Q was at rest and the collision is perfectly
3 1 elastic.
10 10 3i 10 10 j 10 x i j 2M
2 2 V2 = u
M m
100 3i 100 j 5 x 3i 5x j m << M1
x = 20 2M
V2 u 2u
64. (b) After the collision the objects move in opposite M
direction let with velocity v 1 then from law of During elastic collision, the momentum and kinetic
conservation of momentum Pi = Pf energy both are conserved.
m1v = (m2 – m1) v1
m1 m2 68. (1) Before Collision After Collision
v1
v Rest A
m 30°
A B
m 9 m/s m m 30°
Before collision B v2
y
m1 m2

v1 v1 x
From conservation of momentum along y-axis.
After collision Piy Pfy
m1v
v1 . . . (i) 0 + 0 = mv1 sin 30° ˆj mv2 sin 30 ( ˆj )
(m2 m1 )
 51
mv2 sin 30° = mv1 sin 30° 1 2
v1 Now initial energy Ei mv
2
v2 = v1 or =1 2
v2 1 v 1 mv 2
Final energy : E f 16m
69. (120) m 2 16 2 16
v0
1 2 1 v2
Energy loss : Ei Ef mv m
2m 2 2 16
v0/2
1 2 1 1 2 15
mv 1 mv
v0 2 16 2 16
m The total energy loss is P% of the original energy.
Momentum conservation along x direction, Energy loss
v 1 %P 100
2mv0 cos 2m 0 cos or 60 Original energy
2 2 1 2 15
Hence angle between the initial velocities of the two bodies mv
2 16
60 60 120 . 100 93.75%
70. (d) Before collision, 1 2
mv
2
Velocity of particle A, u1 ( 3iˆ ˆj ) m/s Hence, value of P is close to 94.
Velocity of particle B, u2 = 0 72. (b) Given,
After collision, Mass of block, m1 = 1.9 kg
Velocity of particle A, v1 (iˆ 3 ˆj) Mass of bullet, m2 = 0.1 kg
Velocity of bullet, v2 = 20 m/s
Velocity of particle B, v2 = 0 Let v be the velocity of the combined system. It is an
Using principal of conservation of angular momentum inelastic collision.
m1u1 m2 u2 m1v1 m2 v2 Using conservation of linear momentum
2m2 ( 3iˆ ˆj ) m2 0 2m2 (iˆ 3 ˆj ) m2 v2 m1 0 m2 v2 (m1 m2 )v
0.1 20 (0.1 1.9) v
2 3iˆ 2 ˆj 2iˆ 2 3 ˆj v2
v 1 m/s
v2 ( 3 1)iˆ ( 3 1) ˆj Using work energy theorem
Work done = Change in Kinetic energy
v1 iˆ 3 ˆj Let K be the Kinetic energy of combined system.
For angle between v1 and v2 , (m1 + m2 )gh
v1 v2 2( 3 1)(1 3) 1 3 1
cos K (m1 + m2 )V2
v1v2 2
2 2 2( 3 1) 2 2
1
105 2 g 1 K 2 12 K 21 J
2
Angle between v1 and v2 is 105° 73. (c) From conservation of linear momentum

v1 i 3j muiˆ 0 mvjˆ 3mv '

uˆ vˆ
v' i j
60° 3 3
45° v
y
m 3m
v2 ( 3 1)i ( 3 1) j m 3m
u
x v'
71. (b) According to the question, all collisions are perfectly
inelastic, so after the final collision, all blocks are moving Before After
together. collision collision
From kinetic energy conservation,
v 2 2
m 1 1 2 1 u v
mu 2 mv (3m)
2 2 2 3 3
m 2m 4m 8m mu 2 mv 2
2
Let the final velocity be v', using momentum conservation or, mu mv 2
3 3
v
mv 16mv ' v ' u
16 v
2
 52
74. (10.00) From momentum conservation in perpendicular Using,
direction of initial motion.
mu1 sin 1 10mv1 sin 2 ...(i) h
S1 4
It is given that energy of m reduced by half. If u1 be velocity
of m after collision, then
1 2 1 1 3h
mu mu12
2 2 2 S2 4
u
u1
2 v2 –u2 = 2gh
If v1 be the velocity of mass 10 m after collision, then v2 – 02 =2gh
1 1 u2 u v 2 gh
10m v12 v1 Downward distance travelled
2 2m 2 20
From equation (i), we have 1 2 1 h h
S1 gt g.
2 2 2g 4
sin 1 10 sin 2
Distance of collision point from ground
u/2 y h 3h
s2 h –
4 4
75. (b) m u m u/2 Speed of (A) just before collision
x gh
O v1 gt
d 2
x-direction And speed of(B) just before collision
mu 3u gh
mu 2mv'x Vx' v2 2 gh –
2 4 2
Using principle of conservation of linear momentum
mu u
y-direction 0 2mv 'y v 'y mv1 + mv2 = 2mvf
2 4
gh gh
2 2 vf m 2 gh – –m 0
1 1 u u 2 2
K .E.i m u2 m
2 2 2 2 2m
After collision, time taken (t1) for combined mass to reach
1 2 mu 2 3mu 2 the ground is
mu
2 4 4 3h 1 2 3h
gt1 t1
1 2 1 2 4 2 2g
K .E . f 2m vx' 2m v 'y
2 2 78. (b) Pi = Pf
2 2 or 0 = 20(0.7 – v) = 50v
1 3u u 5 2 or v = 0.2 m/s
2m mu
2 4 4 8 79. (a) Apply concervation of linear momentum in X and Y
direction for the system then
Loss in KE = KEf – KEi M (10cos30°) + 2M (5cos45°) = 2M (v1cos30°)
6 5 mu 2 + M(v2cos45°)
mu 2
8 8 8 v2
5 3 5 2 3 v1 ....(1)
76. (a) For elastic collision KEi = KEf 2
Also
1 1 1 1 2 2M(5sin45°) – M(10sin30°) = 2Mv1sin30° – Mv2sin45°
m 25 m 9 m 32 mvB
2 2 2 2 v2
5 2 5 v1 ....(2)
34 32 VB2 VB 2 2
Solving equation (1) and (2)
1 2 1 1
KEB mvB 0.1 2 0.1J J 3 1 v1 5 3 10 2 5 v1 6.5m/s
2 2 10
x=1 v2 = 6.3 m/s
77. (d) Let t be the time taken by the particle dropped from
height h to collide with particle thrown upward.
 53
u Speed of wood just before collision = gt = 10 m/s and
80. (b) 2u 0 2 mv2
4 speed of bullet just before collision = v – gt
2 = 100 – 10 = 90 m/s
1 1 u 1 2
and 2 u2 0 2 mv2
2 2 4 2 1
On solving, we get S = 100 × 1 – × 10 × 1 = 95 m
2
m = 1.5 kg
81. (b) m (2v) + 2mv = 0 + 2mv’ cos 45° Now, using conservation of linear momentum just before
and after the collision
or v’ = 2 2v
– (0.03) (10) + (0.02) (90) = (0.05)v
82. (b) m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v2 + m2v1 150 = 5v v = 30 m/s
or m1v1 + (0.5m1)v2 = m10.5v1 + (0.5m1)v4 Max. height reached by body
On solving, v1 = v4 – v2
30 30
83. (d) Using conservation of momentum, h= 45m
2 10
mv0 = mv2 – mv1

V0 M Before After
0.03 kg 10 m/s v
After collision

M V2 90 m/s
V1 0.02 kg 0.05 kg

1 1 Height above tower = 40 m

mv12 0.36 mv02 85. (c) Kinetic energy of block A
2 2
1
v1 0.6v0 k1 mv 20
2
The collision is elastic. So, From principle of linear momentum conservation
mv0
1 1 mv0 2m M vf vf
MV22 0.64 mv20 [ M = mass of nucleus] 2m M
2 2
5
According to question, of th the initial kinetic energy
m 6
V2 0.8V0
M is lost in whole process.
1
mv2
mV0 mM 0.8V0 – m 0.6V0
ki 2 0 6
6 2
kf 1 mv0
1.6 m 0.8 mM 2m M
2 2m M
4m 2 mM 2m M M
6 4
M = 4m m m
86. (b) Before Collision After Collision
84. (c) 0.03 kg V0 V1 V2
100 m m m m m
Stationary
100 m/s

0.02 kg 1 2 1 2 3 1 2
mv mv mv
2 1 2 2 2 2 0
Time taken for the particles to collide,
3 2
d 100 v12 v 22 v ....(i)
t= V 1sec 2 0
rel 100
 54
From momentum conservation
1 1
mv0 = m(v1 + v2) ....(ii) mv2 mv12
2 2 8
Squarring both sides, Pd 0.89
1 9
(v1 + v2)2 = v02 mv 2
2
v12 + v22 + 2v1v2 = v02
v20 Now, For collision of neutron with carbon nucleus
2v1v2
2 v v1 v2
m 12m m 12m
3 2 v 20 Applying Conservation of momentum
(v1 v 2 ) 2 v 21 v 22 2v1v2 v0
2 2
mv + 0 = mv1+ 12mv2 ....(iii)
Solving we get relative velocity between the two particles v = v2 – v1 ....(iv)
v1 v2 2v0 From eqn (iii) and eqn (iv)

87. (a) Change in momentum 11

v1 v
13
j^
2
1 1 11
P ^J mv2 m v
2
P 2 2 13 48
P^ Pc 0.28
1 169
45° 45° 2 i mv2
i^ 2
P ^i
– P J^ 2
2 89. (a) For particle C,
P
According to law of conservation of linear momentum,
verticle component,
P ˆ P ˆ P ˆ P ˆ 2 mv' sin = mv sin 60° + mv sin 45°
P J J i i
2 2 2 2 mv mv 3
2mv 'sin ...... (i)
2 2
2P ˆ 2P ˆ
P J IH molecule Iwall J
2 2 Horizontal component,
Pressure, P 2 mv' cos = mv sin 60° – mv cos 45°

mv mv ...... (ii)
F 2P 2mv'cos
= n ( n no.of particles) 2 2
A A

27
2 3.32 10 103 1023 Y A Y'
=2.35 × 103N/m2 B
v sin 60°

4
2 10
88. (a) For collision of neutron with deuterium: 30° v sin 45°
v v1 v2 60° 45°
X X'
m 2m m 2m v cos 60° – v cos 45°
For particle A For particle B
Applying conservation of momentum :
mv + 0 = mv1 + 2mv2 .....(i)
Dividing eqn (i) by eqn (ii),
v2 – v1 = v .....(ii)
Collision is elastic, e = 1 1 3
v 2 2 2 3
tan
From eqn (i) and eqn (ii) v1 1 1 1 2
3
2 2
 55

Y P2 P2
92. (d) Maximum energy loss =
pf = 3 m V 2m 2(m M)
m pi
2v 45°
90. (a) X P2 1
K.E. mv2
2m 2
v
2m
P2 M 1 M
mv 2
Initial momentum of the system 2m (m M) 2 m M

pi = [m(2V) 2 2m(2V) 2 ] Statement II is a case of perfectly inelastic collision.

By comparing the equation given in statement I with above
= 2m 2V equation, we get
Final momentum of the system = 3mV
M m
By the law of conservation of momentum f instead of
m M M m
2 2v Hence statement I is wrong and statement II is correct.
2 2mv 3mV Vcombined
3 93. (c) Fractional decrease in kinetic energy of mass m
Loss in energy
2 2 2
m2 m1 2 1 1 1 8
E
1
m1V12
1
m2V22
1 2
(m1 m2 )Vcombined
= 1 = 1 =1– 1
m2 m1 2 1 3 9 9
2 2 2
Percentage loss in energy
2 4 2 5 2
E 3mv mv mv = 55.55%
3 3 8
= 100 90%
9
Percentage loss in energy during the collision 56%
91. (b) Given, m1 = 4g, u1 = 300 m/s
94. (c) Y
m2 = 0.8 kg = 800 g, u2 = 0 m/s m/2, + v = 400 m/s
From law of conservation of momentum,
Mass before explosion = m
m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2 490 m and velocity v = 200 m/s (vertically)
Let the velocity of combined system = v m/s
then,
4 × 300 + 800 × 0 = (800 + 4) × v X
O

1200
v 1.49 m / s Momentum before explosion = Momentum after explosion
804
m m m
Now, = 0.3 (given) m 200 ˆj 400 ˆj v = 400 ˆj v
2 2 2
a= g
a = 0.3 × 10 (takeg = 10 m/s2) 400 ˆj 400 ˆj v v=0
= 3 m/s2 i.e., the velocity of the other part of the mass, v = 0
then, from v2 = u2 + 2as Let time taken to reach the earth by this part be t
(1.49)2 = 0 + 2 × 3 × s 1 2
Applying formula, h ut gt
2
2
1.49 2.22
s s = 0.379 m 1
6 6 490 = 0 + × 9.8 × t2
2
980
t2 100 t 100 10sec
9.8
 56
95. (a) In completely inelastic collision, all initial kinetic 98. (b) When the spring gets compressed by length L.
energy is not lost but loss in kinetic energy 15 as large as K.E. lost by mass M = P.E. stored in the compressed spring.
it can be. Linear momentum remain conserved in all types
1 1 2
of collision. Statement -2 explains statement -1 correctly Mv 2 kL
because applying the principle of conservation of 2 2
momentum, we can get the common velocity and hence M
k
the kinetic energy of the combined body. v L
M
96. (c) Initial kinetic energy of the system
Momentum of the block, = M × v
1 2 1 1
K.Ei mu M (0)2 0.5 2 2 0 1J
2 2 2 k
=M× L = kM L
Momentum before collision M
= Momentum after collision 99. (d) Considering conservation of momentum along x-direction,
m1u1 + m2u2 = (m + M) × v mv = mv1 cos ...(1)
where v1 is the velocity of second mass
2
0.5 × 2 + 1 × 0 = (0.5 + 1) × v v m/s In y-direction,
3
Final kinetic energy of the system is mv
0 mv1 sin
3
1 1 2 2 1
K.E f ( m M )v 2 (0.5 1) J
2 2 3 3 3 mv
or m1v1 sin ...(2)
Energy loss during collision 3

1
1 J 0.67J
3 v/ 3

97. (b) Let the velocity and mass of 4 kg piece be v1 and m1 v

m v
and that of 12 kg piece be v2 and m2. v1 cos

16 kg v1
Initial momentum v1 sin
=0
Situation 1

m2 = 12 kg Final momentum Squaring and adding eqns. (1) and (2) we get
4 kg = m1
v1 v2 = m2v2 – m1v1
v2 2
Situation 2 v12 v2 v1 v
3 3
Applying conservation of linear momentum 100. (c) Kinetic energy of a system of particle is zero only
16 × 0 = 4 × v1 + 12 × 4 when the speed of each particles is zero. This implies
12 4 1
momentum of each particle is zero, thus linear momentum
v1 – –12 ms
4 of the system of particle has to be zero.
Also if linear momentum of the system is zero it does not
Kinetic energy of 4 kg mass
mean linear momentum of each particle is zero. This is because
1 1 linear momentum is a vector quantity. In this case the kinetic
K . E. m1v12 4 144 288 J
2 2 energy of the system of particles will not be zero.
A does not imply B but B implies A.
Given, force, F = 200 N extension of wire, x = 1mm.
 153

Moving Charges
18 and Magnetism
6. A charge Q is moving dl distance in the magnetic field
TOPIC 1 B . Find the value of work done by B .
[March 16, 2021 (II)]
(a) –1 (b) Zero (c) 1 (d) Infinite
7. Magnetic fields at two points on the axis of a circular coil
at a distance of 0.05 m and 0.2 m from the centre are in the
1. If the maximum value of accelerating potential provided by ratio 8 : 1. The radius of coil is _____.
a ratio frequency oscillator is 12 kV. The number of [Feb. 25, 2021 (I)]
revolution made by a proton in a cyclotron to achieve one (a) 0.15 m (b ) 0.1 m (c) 0.2 m (d) 1.0 m
sixth of the speed of light is _________ 8. An electron is moving along + x direction with a velocity
[mp = 1.67 × 10–27 kg, e = 1.6 × 10–19 C, of 6 × 106 ms–1. It enters a region of uniform electric field of
Speed of light = 3 × 108 m/s] [NA, Aug. 26, 2021 (II)] 300 V/cm pointing along + y direction. The magnitude and
direction of the magnetic field set up in this region such
x that the electron keeps moving along the x direction will
2. A light beam is described by E 800 sin t . An be : [Online April 8, 2017 S, Sep. 06, 2020 (I)]
c
electron is allowed to move normal to the propagation of (a) 3 × 10–4 T, along + z direction
light beam with a speed of 3 × 107 ms–1. What is the maximum (b) 5 × 10–3 T, along – z direction
magnetic force exerted on the electron ? (c) 5 × 10–3 T, along + z direction
[Aug. 26, 2021 (II)] (d) 3 × 10–4 T, along – z direction
–18
9. A particle of charge q and mass m is moving with a
(a) 1.28 × 10 N (b) 1.28 × 10–21 N
velocity – v i (v 0) towards a large screen placed in the
(c) 12.8 × 10–17 N (d) 12.8 × 10–18 N
Y-Z plane at a distance d. If there is a magnetic field
3. Two ions having same mass have charges in the ratio
1 : 2. They are projected normally in a uniform magnetic B B0 k , the minimum value of v for which the particle
field with their speeds in the ratio 2 : 3. The ratio of the will not hit the screen is: [Sep. 06, 2020 (I)]
radii of their circular trajectories is : [July 25, 2021 (II)] qdB0 2qdB0 qdB0 qdB0
(a) 1 : 4 (b) 4 : 3 (c) 3 : 1 (d) 2 : 3 (a) (b) (c) (d)
4. A deuteron and an alpha particle having equal kinetic 3m m m 2m
10. A charged particle carrying charge 1 C is moving with
energy enter perpendicular into a magnetic field. Let r d
and r be their respective radii of circular path. The value velocity (2iˆ 3 ˆj 4kˆ) ms–1. If an external magnetic field
rd of (5iˆ 3 ˆj 6kˆ) 10 3 T exists in the region where the
of is equal to : [July 20, 2021 (I)] particle is moving then the force on the particle is
r
9
1 F 10 N. The vector F is :
(a) (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 2 [Online May 12, 2012 S, Sep. 03, 2020 (I)]
2
5. A proton and an -particle, having kinetic energies Kp and (a) 0.30iˆ 0.32 ˆj 0.09kˆ
K respectively, enter into a magnetic field at right angles.
(b) 30iˆ 32 ˆj 9kˆ
The ratio of the radii of trajectory of proton to that of
-particle is 2 : 1. The ratio of Kp : K is: (c) 300iˆ 320 ˆj 90kˆ
[March 18, 2021 (II)]
(d) 3.0iˆ 3.2 ˆj 0.9kˆ
(a) 1 : 8 (b) 8 : 1 (c) 1 : 4 (d) 4 : 1
 154
11. A beam of protons with speed 4 × 105 ms–1 enters a uniform 16. A proton, an electron, and a Helium nucleus, have the
magnetic field of 0.3 T at an angle of 60° to the magnetic same energy. They are in circular orbits in a plane due to
field. The pitch of the resulting helical path of protons is
magnetic field perpendicular to the plane. Let rp, re and rHe
close to : (Mass of the proton = 1.67 × 10–27 kg, charge of
the proton = 1.69 × 10–19 C) [Sep. 02, 2020 (I)] be their respective radii, then, [10 April 2019, I]
(a) re > rp = rHe (b) re < rp = rHe
(a) 2 cm (b) 5 cm (c) 12 cm (d) 4 cm
12. The figure shows a region of length ‘l’ with a uniform (c) re < rp < rHe (d) re > rp > rHe
magnetic field of 0.3 T in it and a proton entering the region 17. A proton and an -particle (with their masses in the ratio
with velocity 4 × 105 ms–1 making an angle 60° with the of 1 : 4 and charges in the ratio 1 : 2) are accelerated from
field. If the proton completes 10 revolution by the time it rest through a potential difference V. If a uniform magnetic
cross the region shown, ‘l’ is close to (mass of proton field (B) is set up perpendicular to their velocities, the ratio
= 1.67 × 10–27 kg, charge of the proton = 1.6 × 10–19 C) of the radii rp : r of the circular paths descrfibed by them
[Sep. 02, 2020 (II)] will be: [Online May 19, 2012 S, 12 Jan 2019, I]
(a) 0.11 m B
(a) 1: 2 (b) 1: 2 (c) 1: 3 (d) 1: 3
(b) 0.88 m 18. In an experiment, electrons are accelerated, from rest, by
60° applying a voltage of 500 V. Calculate the radius of the
(c) 0.44 m path if a magnetic field 100 mT is then applied.
[Charge of the electron = 1.6 × 10–19 C
(d) 0.22 m l
Mass of the electron = 9.1 × 10–31 kg] [11 Jan 2019, I]
13. Proton with kinetic energy of 1 MeV moves from south to
north. It gets an acceleration of 1012 m/s2 by an applied (a) 7.5 × 10–3 m (b) 7.5 × 10–2 m
magnetic field (west to east). The value of magnetic field: (c) 7.5 m (d) 7.5 ×10–4 m
(Rest mass of proton is 1.6 10–27 kg) [8 Jan 2020, I] 19. The region between y = 0 and y = d contains a magnetic
(a) 0.71 mT (b) 7.1 mT
(c) 0.071 mT (d) 71 mT field B = Bzˆ . A particle of mass m and charge q enters the
14. A particle having the same charge as of electron moves mv
in a circular path of radius 0.5 cm under the influence of region with a velocity v viˆ . if d , the acceleration
2qB
a magnetic field of 0.5T. If an electric field of 100V/m
of the charged particle at the point of its emergence at the
makes it to move in a straight path then the mass of the other side is : [11 Jan 2019, II]
particle is (Given charge of electron = 1.6 × 10–19C)
[12 April 2019, I] qv B 1 ˆ 3ˆ qv B 3ˆ 1 ˆ
(a) i j (b) i j
(a) 9.1 × 10–31 kg (b) 1.6 × 10–27 kg m 2 2 m 2 2
(c) 1.6 × 10–19 kg (d) 2.0 × 10–24 kg
15. An electron, moving along the x-axis with an initial energy qv B ˆj iˆ qvB iˆ ˆj
= (1.5×10–3T)
of 100 eV, enters a region of magnetic field B (c) m (d) m
k 2 2
at S (see figure). The field extends between x = 0 and x = 20. An electron, a proton and an alpha particle having the
2 cm. The electron is detected at the point Q on a screen same kinetic energy are moving in circular orbits of radii re,
placed 8 cm away from the point S. The distance d between rp, r respectively in a uniform magnetic field B. The relation
P and Q (on the screen) is : between re, rp, r is : [2018]
(Electron’s charge = 1.6 × 10–19 C, mass of electron (a) re > rp = r (b) re < rp = r
= 9.1 × 10–31 kg) [12 April 2019, II] (c) re < rp < r (d) re < r < rp
21. A negative test charge is moving near a long straight wire
carrying a current. The force acting on the test charge is
parallel to the direction of the current. The motion of the
charge is : [Online April 9, 2017]
(a) away from the wire
(b) towards the wire
(c) parallel to the wire along the current
(d) parallel to the wire opposite to the current
22. A proton (mass m) accelerated by a potential difference V
flies through a uniform transverse magnetic field B. The
field occupies a region of space by width ‘d’. If be the
(a) 11.65 cm (b) 12.87 cm angle of deviation of proton from initial direction of motion
(see figure), the value of sin will be :
(c) 1.22 cm (d) 2.25 cm [Online April 10, 2015]
 155
28. A charged particle with charge q enters a region of
B
constant, uniform and mutually orthogonal fields E and
B with a velocity v perpendicular to both E and B ,
and comes out without any change in magnitude or
d direction of v . Then [2007]

(a) v B E / E2 (b) v E B / B2
Bd B qd
(a) qV (b) 2
2m 2 mV (c) v B E / B (d) v E B / E 2
B q 29. A charged particle moves through a magnetic field
q
(c) (d) Bd perpendicular to its direction. Then [2007]
d 2mV 2mV
23. A particle of charge 16 × 10–16 C moving with velocity (a) kinetic energy changes but the momentum is constant
10 ms–1 along x-axis enters a region where magnetic field (b) the momentum changes but the kinetic energy is constant
(c) both momentum and kinetic energy of the particle are
of induction B is along the y-axis and an electric field of not constant
magnitude 104 Vm–1 is along the negative z-axis. If the (d) both momentum and kinetic energy of the particle are
charged particle continues moving along x-axis, the constant
magnitude of B is : [Online April 23, 2013] 30. In a region, steady and uniform electric and magnetic fields
(a) 16 × 103 Wb m–2 (b) 2 × 103 Wb m–2 are present. These two fields are parallel to each other. A
(c) 1 × 103 Wb m–2 (d) 4 × 103 Wb m–2 charged particle is released from rest in this region. The
24. Proton, deuteron and alpha particle of same kinetic energy path of the particle will be a [2006]
are moving in circular trajectories in a constant magnetic (a) helix (b) straight line
field. The radii of proton, deuteron and alpha particle are (c) ellipse (d) circle
respectively rp, rd and r . Which one of the following 31. A charged particle of mass m and charge q travels on a
relation is correct? [2012] circular path of radius r that is perpendicular to a magnetic
(a) r rp rd (b) r rp rd field B. The time taken by the particle to complete one
revolution is [2005]
(c) r rd rp (d) r rd rp
2 q2 B 2 mq 2 m 2 qB
25. This question has Statement 1 and Statement 2. Of the (a) (b) (c) (d)
four choices given after the Statements, choose the one m B qB m
32. A uniform electric field and a uniform magnetic field are
that best describes the two Statements.
acting along the same direction in a certain region. If an
Statement 1: A charged particle is moving at right angle
to a static magnetic field. During the motion the kinetic electron is projected along the direction of the fields with
energy of the charge remains unchanged. a certain velocity then [2005]
Statement 2: Static magnetic field exert force on a moving (a) its velocity will increase
charge in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field. (b) Its velocity will decrease
[Online May 26, 2012] (c) it will turn towards left of direction of motion
(a) Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true. (d) it will turn towards right of direction of motion
(b) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is 33. A particle of mass M and charge Q moving with velocity
not the correct explanation of Statement 1. v describe a circular path of radius R when subjected to a
(c) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false. uniform transverse magnetic field of induction B. The work
(d) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is done by the field when the particle completes one full
the correct explanation of Statement 1. circle is [2003]
26. The velocity of certain ions that pass undeflected through
crossed electric field E = 7.7 k V/m and magnetic field B Mv 2
(a) 2 R (b) zero
= 0.14 T is [Online May 7, 2012] R
(a) 18 km/s (b) 77 km/s (c) B Q 2 R (d) B Qv 2 R
(c) 55 km/s (d) 1078 km/s 34. If an electron and a proton having same momenta enter
27. An electric charge +q moves with velocity v 3iˆ 4 ˆj kˆ perpendicular to a magnetic field, then [2002]
(a) curved path of electron and proton will be same
in an electromagnetic field given by E 3i j 2k and (ignoring the sense of revolution)
(b) they will move undeflected
B iˆ ˆj 3kˆ The y - component of the force experienced (c) curved path of electron is more curved than that of
by + q is : [2011 RS] the proton
(a) 11 q (b) 5 q (c) 3 q (d) 2 q (d) path of proton is more curved.
 156
35. The time period of a charged particle undergoing a circular 39. A uniform conducting wire of length is 24a, and resistance
motion in a uniform magnetic field is independent of its R is wound up as a current carrying coil in the shape of an
(a) speed (b) mass [2002]
equilateral triangle of side ‘a’ and then in the form of a
(c) charge (d) magnetic induction
square of side ‘a’. The coil is connected to a voltage source
TOPIC 2 V0. The ratio of magnetic moment of the coils in case of
equilateral triangle to that for square is 1: y where y is
_________. [NA, Aug. 27, 2021 (I)]
40. A coaxial cable consists of an inner wire of radius ‘a’
36. There are two infinitely long straight current carrying surrounded by an outer shell of inner and outer radii ‘b’
conductors and they are held at right angles to each other and ‘c’ respectively. The inner wire carries an electric
so that their common ends meet at the origin as shown in
the figure given below. The ratio of current in both current i0, which is distributed uniformly across cross-
conductor is 1 : 1. The magnetic field at point P is ____. sectional area. The outer shell carries an equal current in
[Sep. 1, 2021 (II)] opposite direction and distributed uniformly. What will be
the ratio of the magnetic field at a distance x from the axis
when (i) x < a and (ii) a < x < b ? [Aug. 27, 2021 (II)]

x2 a2
(a) (b)
a2 x2

x2 b2 a2
(c) (d)
b2 a2 x2
41. The fractional change in the magnetic field intensity at a
0I
(a) x2 y2 x y distance ‘r’ from centre on the axis of current carrying coil
4 xy
of radius ‘a’ to the magnetic field intensity at the centre of
0I
(b) 4 xy x2 y2 x y the same coil is : (Take r < a) [Aug. 26, 2021 (I)]
3 a2 2 a2
0 Ixy 2 2 (a) (b)
(c) x y x y 2 r2 3 r2
4
0 Ixy 2 r2 3 r2
(d) x 2 y2 x y (c) (d)
4 3 a2 2 a2
37. A coil having N turns is wound tightly in the form of a 42. Figure A and B shown two long straight wires of circular
spiral with inner and outer radii ‘a’ and ‘b’ respectively. cross-section (a and b with a < b), carrying current I which
Find the magnetic field at centre, when a current I passes is uniformly distributed across the cross-section. The
magnitude of magnetic field B varies with radius r and can
through coil : [Aug. 31, 2021 (I)]
be represented as : [July 27, 2021 (II)]
0 IN b 0I a b
(a) 2 b a log e a (b)
8 a b
0I 1 1 0I
a b a b
(c) 4 a b a b (d) I
8 a b
I
38. A current of 1.5 A is flowing through a triangle, of side 9 cm
each. The magnetic field at the centroid of the triangle is : Fig. A Fig. B
(Assume that the current is flowing in the clockwise
direction.) [Aug. 31, 2021 (II)] B B
–7
(a) 3 × 10 T, outside the plane of triangle.
a a
(b) 2 3 × 10–7 T, outside the plane of triangle. (a) (b)
(c) 2 3 × 10–5 T, inside the plane of triangle. b b
O r O r
(d) 3 × 10–5 T, inside the plane of triangle.
 157
47. A long, straight wire of radius a carries a current distributed
B B uniformly over its cross-section. The ratio of the
a
magnetic fields due to the wire at distance and 2a, respec-
a b 3
(c) (d) tively from the axis of the wire is: [2007 S, 9 Jan 2020, I]
b a 2 1 3
O r O r (a) (b) 2 (c) (d)
3 2 2
43. A hairpin like shape as shown in figure is made by bending
a long current carrying wire. What is the magnitude of a 48. An electron gun is placed inside a long solenoid of radius
magnetic field at point P which lies on the centre of the R on its axis. The solenoid has n turns/length and carries
semicircule? [March 17, 2021 (II)] a current I. The electron gun shoots an electron along the
radius of the solenoid with speed v. If the electron does
I
not hit the surface of the solenoid, maximum possible value
r of v is (all symbols have their standard meaning):
P I [9 Jan 2020, II]

I
I 0 I (2 –
(a) 0 (2 ) (b) )
4 r 4 r
0 I (2 – ) I
(c) (d) 0 (2 )
2 r 2 r
e 0 nIR e 0 nIR
44. A charged particle going around in a circle can be consid- (a) (b)
m 2m
ered to be a current loop. A particle of mass m carrying
charge q is moving in a plane wit speed v under the influ- e 0 nIR 2e 0 nIR
(c) (d)
4m m
ence of magnetic field B . The magnetic moment of this 49. A very long wire ABDMNDC is shown in figure carrying
moving particle : [Sep. 06, 2020 (II)] current I. AB and BC parts are straight, long and at
right angle. At D wire forms a circular turn DMND of
mv 2 B mv 2 B radius R.
(a) (b)
2 B2 2 B2 AB, BC parts are tangential to circular turn at N and D.
Magnetic field at the centre of circle is:
mv 2 B mv 2 B
(c) (d) [8 Jan 2020, II]
B2 2 B2
45. A wire A, bent in the shape of an arc of a circle, carrying a 0I 1
(a)
current of 2 A and having radius 2 cm and another wire B, 2 R 2
also bent in the shape of arc of a circle, carrying a current
of 3 A and having radius of 4 cm, are placed as shown in 0I 1
(b) 2 R
the figure. The ratio of the magnetic fields due to the wires 2
A and B at the common centre O is : [Sep. 04, 2020 (I)]
0I
(c) ( 1)
2 R
A B
O 0I
(d)
2R
90° 50. Two very long, straight, and insulated wires are kept at
60° 90° angle from each other in xy-plane as shown in the
figure.
(a) 4 : 6 (b) 6 : 4
(c) 2 : 5 (d) 6 : 5
46. Magnitude of magnetic field (in SI units) at the centre of a
hexagonal shape coil of side 10 cm, 50 turns and carrying
0I
current I (Ampere) in units of is : [Sep. 03, 2020 (I)]

(a) 250 3 (b) 50 3 (c) 500 3 (d) 5 3

 158
These wires carry currents of equal magnitude I, whose y
S
directions are shown in the figure. The net magnetic field
at point P will be : [12 April 2019, I]
0 I xˆ yˆ
(a) Zero (b) – OQ
2 d x
L P M
0 I zˆ 0 I xˆ yˆ
(c) (d)
d 2 d
51. A thin ring of 10 cm radius carries a uniformly distributed
charge. The ring rotates at a constant angular speed of 40 N
À rad s–1 about its axis, perpendicular to its plane. If the (a) 20 A, perpendicular out of the page
magnetic field at its centre is 3.8 × 10–9 T, then the charge (b) 40 A, perpendicular out of the page
carried by the ring is close to (µ0 = 4 × 10–7 N/A2). (c) 20 A, perpendicular into the page
[12 April 2019, I] (d) 40 A, perpendicular into the page
(a) 2×10 C (b) 3×10 C (c) 4×10 C (d) 7×10–6C
–6 –5 –5
56. A current loop, having two circular arcs joined by two
52. Find the magnetic field at point P due to a straight line radial lines is shown in the figure. It carries a current of 10
segment AB of length 6 cm carrying a current of 5 A. (See A. The magnetic field at point O will be close to:
figure) ( o=4 ×10–7 N-A–2) [12 April 2019, II] [9 Jan. 2019 I]
O

3 cm

3c
= 45
m
Q R
2 cm

2 cm
P S

i = 10A
(a) 2.0×10–5T (b) 1.5×10–5T (a) 1.0 × 10–7 T (b) 1.5 × 10–7 T
(c) 3.0×10–5T (d) 2.5×10–5T
(c) 1.5 × 10–5 T (d) 1.0 × 10–5 T
53. The magnitude of the magnetic field at the center of an
equilateral triangular loop of side 1 m which is carrying a 57. One of the two identical conducting wires of length L is
bent in the form of a circular loop and the other one into
current of 10 A is : a circular coil of N identical turns. If the same current is
[Online April 15, 2018 S, 10 April 2019, II] passed in both, the ratio of the magnetic field at the
[Take o = 4 ×10–7 NA–2] central of the loop (B1) to that at the centre of the coil
B
(a) 18 T (b) 9 T (c) 3 T (d) 1 T (BC), i.e., L will be: [9 Jan 2019, II]
BC
54. A square loop is carrying a steady current I and the
magnitude of its magnetic dipole moment is m. If this 1
(a) N (b)
square loop is changed to a circular loop and it carries the N
same current, the magnitude of the magnetic dipole moment 1
(c) N2 (d)
of circular loop will be : [10 April 2019, II] N2
58. The dipole moment of a circular loop carrying a current I,
m 3m 2m 4m
(a) (b) (c) (d) is m and the magnetic field at the centre of the loop is B1.
When the dipole moment is doubled by keeping the current
55. As shown in the figure, two infinitely long, identical wires constant, the magnetic field at the centre of the loop is B2.
are bent by 90º and placed in such a way that the segments B
The ratio 1 is: [2018]
LP and QM are along the x-axis, while segments PS and B2
QN are parallel to the y-axis. If OP = OQ = 4 cm, and the
1
magnitude of the magneticf field at O is 10–4 T, and the two (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d)
wires carry equal currents (see figure), the magnitude of 2
the current in each wire and the direction of the magnetic field 59. A Helmholtz coil has pair of loops, each with N turns and
at O will be (µ0 = 4 × 10–7 NA–2): [12 Jan 2019, I] radius R. They are placed coaxially at distance R and the
same current I flows through the loops in the same
 159
direction. The magnitude of magnetic field at P, midway the disc. If we keep both the amount of charge placed on
between the centres A and C, is given by (Refer to figure): the disc and its angular velocity to be constant and vary
[Online April 15, 2018] the radius of the disc then the variation of the magnetic
induction at the centre of the disc will be represented by
the figure : [2012]

2R
A P C
B
B
R (a) (b)
4N 0I 8N 0I R
(a) (b) R
3/ 2 3/ 2
5 R 5 R
4N 0I 8N 0I
(c) (d) B B
1/ 2 1/ 2
5 R 5 R
(c) (d)
60. Two identical wires A and B, each of length 'l', carry the
same current I. Wire A is bent into a circle of radius R and R R
wire B is bent to form a square of side 'a'. If BA and BB 65. A current I flows in an infinitely long wire with cross section
are the values of magnetic field at the centres of the circle in the form of a semi-circular ring of radius R. The magnitude
B of the magnetic induction along its axis is: [2011]
and square respectively, then the ratio A is:
BB
0I 0I 0I 0I
[2016] (a) 2 (b) (c) (d) 2
2 R 2 R 4 R R
2 2 2 2 66. Two long parallel wires are at a distance 2d apart. They
(a) (b) (c) (d) carry steady equal currents flowing out of the plane of the
16 8 2 8 16 2 paper as shown. The variation of the magnetic field B along
61. Consider two thin identical conducting wires covered with the line XX' is given by [2010]
very thin insulating material. One of the wires is bent into
a loop and produces magnetic field B1, at its centre when B
a current I passes through it. The second wire is bent into
a coil with three identical loops adjacent to each other
producer magnetic field B2 at the centre of loops when (a) X X
current 1/3 passer through it. The ratio B1 : B2 is:
[Online April 12, 2014]
d d
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 3 (c) 1 : 9 (d) 9 : 1
62. A current i is flowing in a straight conductor of length L. B
The magnetic induction at a point on its axis at a distance
L
from its centre will be : [Online April 22, 2013] (b) X X
4
0i d d
(a) Zero (b)
2 L
B
0i 4 0i
(c) (d)
2L 5 L
(c) X X
63. An electric current is flowing through a circular coil of
radius R. The ratio of the magnetic field at the centre of the
d d
coil and that at a distance 2 2R from the centre of the
coil and on its axis is : [Online April 9, 2013] B

(a) 2 2 (b) 27 (c) 36 (d) 8

64. A charge Q is uniformly distributed over the surface of (d) X X
non-conducting disc of radius R. The disc rotates about
an axis perpendicular to its plane and passing through its
centre with an angular velocity . As a result of this rotation d d

a magnetic field of induction B is obtained at the centre of

 160
67. A horizontal overhead powerline is at height of 4m from is B. It is then bent into a circular loop of n turns. The
the ground and carries a current of 100A from east to west. magnetic field at the centre of the coil will be [2004]
The magnetic field directly below it on the ground is (a) 2n B (b) n2 B (c) nB (d) 2 n2 B
( 0 = 4 ×10 –7 Tm A–1) [2008] 74. The magnetic field due to a current carrying circular loop
(a) 2.5 × 10–7 T southward of radius 3 cm at a point on the axis at a distance of 4 cm
(b) 5 × 10–6 T northward from the centre is 54 T. What will be its value at the centre
(c) 5 × 10–6 T southward of loop? [2004]
(d) 2.5 × 10–7 T northward (a) 125 T (b) 150 T (c) 250 T (d) 75 T
68. A current I flows along the length of an infinitely long, 75. If in a circular coil A of radius R, current I is flowing and in
straight, thin walled pipe. Then [2007] another coil B of radius 2R a current 2I is flowing, then the
(a) the magnetic field at all points inside the pipe is the ratio of the magnetic fields BA and BB, produced by them
same, but not zero will be [2002]
(b) the magnetic field is zero only on the axis of the pipe (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 1/2 (d) 4
(c) the magnetic field is different at different points inside
the pipe TOPIC 3
(d) the magnetic field at any point inside the pipe is zero
69. Two identical conducting wires AOB and COD are placed
at right angles to each other. The wire AOB carries an
electric current I1 and COD carries a current I2. The
magnetic field on a point lying at a distance d from O, in a
76. A circular conducting coil of radius 1 m is being heated
direction perpendicular to the plane of the wires AOB and
COD, will be given by [2007] by the change of magnetic field B passing perpendicular
1 to the plane in which the coil is laid. The resistance of the
0 I1 I2 2 coil is 2 . The magnetic field is slowly switched off
(a) 0
( I12 I 22 ) (b)
such that its magnitude changes in time as
2 d 2 d
1 4 t
B 10 3 T 1
(c) 0
I12 I 22 2 (d) 0
I1 I 2 100
2 d 2 d
70. A long solenoid has 200 turns per cm and carries a current The energy dissipated by the coil before the magnetic
i. The magnetic field at its centre is 6.28 × 10–2 Weber/m2. field is switched off completely is E = _______ mJ.
Another long solenoid has 100 turns per cm and it carries [NA, July 25, 2021 (I)]
77. A square loop of side 2a and carrying current I is kept is xz
i
a current . The value of the magnetic field at its centre is plane with its centre at origin. A long wire carrying the
3 same current I is placed parallel to z-axis and passing
[2006] through point (0, b, 0), (b >> a). The magnitude of torque
(a) 1.05 × 10–2 Weber/m2 (b) 1.05 × 10–5 Weber/m2 on the loop about z-axis will be :
(c) 1.05 × 10–3 Weber/m2 (d) 1.05 × 10–4 Weber/m2 [Sep. 5, 2020 (I) S, Sep. 06, 2020 (II)]
71. Two concentric coils each of radius equal to 2 cm are 2 2 2 2 2
2 0I a 0I a b
placed at right angles to each other. 3 ampere and 4 ampere (a) (b) 2
are the currents flowing in each coil respectively. The mag- b (a b2 )
netic induction in Weber/m2 at the centre of the coils will 2 2
0I a b
2 2
0I a
(c) 2 2 (d)
be ( 0 4 10 7 Wb / A.m) [2005] 2 (a b ) 2 b
78. A wire carrying current I is bent in the shape ABCDEFA as
5 5 shown, where rectangle ABCDA and ADEFA are
(a) 10 (b) 12 10
perpendicular to each other. If the sides of the rectangles
(c) 7 10 5 (d) 5 10 5 are of lengths a and b, then the magnitude and direction of
72. A current i ampere flows along an infinitely long straight magnetic moment of the loop ABCDEFA is :
thin walled tube, then the magnetic induction at any point [Sep. 02, 2020 (II)]
inside the tube is [2004]
Z
0 2i E
(a) . tesla (b) zero I
4 r
2i F I
(c) infinite (d) tesla C
r D
73. A long wire carries a steady current. It is bent into a circle Y
O
b
of one turn and the magnetic field at the centre of the coil A a B
X
 161
82. A rigid square of loop of side ‘a’ and carrying current I2 is
ˆj kˆ
(a) abI , along lying on a horizontal surface near a long current I1 carrying
2 2 wire in the same plane as shown in figure. The net force
on the loop due to the wire will be: [9 April 2019 I]
ˆj kˆ
(b) 2abI , along
2 2 I2
I1
ˆj 2kˆ
(c) 2abI , along a
5 5
a
ˆj 2kˆ
(d) abI , along
5 5 o I1I 2
(a) Repulsive and equal to
79. A small circular loop of conducting wire has radius a and 2
carries current I. It is placed in a uniform magnetic field B II
perpendicular to its plane such that when rotated slightly (b) Attractive and equal to o 1 2
3
about its diameter and released, it starts performing simple II
harmonic motion of time period T. If the mass of the loop is m (c) Repulsive and equal to o 1 2
4
then : [9 Jan 2020, II]
(d) Zero
2m m 83. A circular coil having N turns and radius r carries a current
(a) T = (b) T = I. It is held in the XZ plane in a magnetic field B. The
IB 2 IB
torque on the coil due to the magnetic field is :
2 m m [8 April 2019 I]
(c) T = (c) T =
IB IB
80. Two wires A & B are carrying currents I1 and I2 as shown Br 2 I
(a) (b) B r2I N
in the figure. The separation between them is d. A third N
wire C carrying a current I is to be kept parallel to them at B r2I
a distance x from A such that the net force acting on it is (c) (d) Zero
N
zero. The possible values of x are : [10 April 2019, I] 84. An infinitely long current carrying wire and a small current
carrying loop are in the plane of the paper as shown. The
redius of the loop is a and distance of its centre from the
wire is d (d>>a). If the loop applies a force F on the wire
then: [9 Jan. 2019 I]

I1 I2 d
(a) x d and x d
I1 I2 (I1 I2 )

I2 I2
(b) x d and x d a
(I1 I2 ) (I1 I2 ) (a) F = 0 (b) F
d
I1 I2 a2 2
(c) x d and x d F a
(I1 I2 ) (I1 I2 ) (c) (d) F
d3 d
I1d 85. A charge q is spread uniformly over an insulated loop of
(d) x radius r . If it is rotated with an angular velocity with
(I1 I2 )
respect to normal axis then the magnetic moment of the
81. A rectangular coil (Dimension 5 cm × 2.5 cm) with 100 loop is [Online April 16, 2018]
turns, carrying a current of 3 A in the clock-wise direction,
is kept centered at the origin and in the X-Z plane. A 1 4 3
(a) q r 2 (b) q r 2 (c) q r 2 (d) q r 2
magnetic field of 1 T is applied along X-axis. If the coil is 2 3 2
tilted through 45° about Z-axis, then the torque on the 86. A uniform magnetic field B of 0.3 T is along the positive Z-
coil is: [9 April 2019 I] direction. A rectangular loop (abcd) of sides 10 cm × 5 cm
(a) 0.38 Nm (b) 0.55 Nm carries a current 1 of 12 A. Out of the following different
(c) 0.42 Nm (d) 0.27 Nm orientations which one corresponds to stable equilibrium ?
[Online April 9, 2017]
 162
Z Z 89. Two long straight parallel wires, carrying (adjustable)
d c B current I1 and I2, are kept at a distance d apart. If the
B d force ‘F’ between the two wires is taken as ‘positive’
I I c I when the wires repel each other and ‘negative’ when the
(a) a b Y (b) I a Y
wires attract each other, the graph showing the
b dependence of ‘F’, on the product I1 I2, would be :
X X
Z [Online April 11, 2015]
Z
F F
B
B
a I d a I d
(c) b Y (d) Y (a) (b)
b
I c I c O I1I2 O I1I2
X X
87. Two coaxial solenoids of different radius carry current I in
the same direction. F1 be the magnetic force on the inner
F F
solenoid due to the outer one and F2 be the magnetic
force on the outer solenoid due to the inner one. Then :
[2015] (c) O (d)
(a) F1 is radially inwards and F2 = 0 I1I2 O I1I2

(b) F1 is radially outwards and F2 = 0

(c) F1 = F2 = 0 90. A wire carrying current I is tied between points P and
Q and is in the shape of a circular arc of radius R due
(d) F1 is radially inwards and F2 is radially outwards
to a uniform magnetic field B (perpendicular to the plane
88. A rectangular loop of sides 10 cm and 5 cm carrying a of the paper, shown by xxx) in the vicinity of the wire.
current 1 of 12 A is placed in different orientations as shown
in the figures below : If the wire subtends an angle 2 at the centre of the
z circle (of which it forms an arc) then the tension in the
wire is : [Online April 11, 2015]
I
B IBR
I I (a)
(A) y
2sin 0 B
P Q
I
x IBR 0
z (b)
sin 0
0
B (c) IBR R

(B) I IBR
I y (d)
I sin 0
x I
z 91. A conductor lies along the z-axis at 1.5 z 1.5 m and
I B carries a fixed current of 10.0 A in â z direction (see figure).
For a field B 3.0 10 4 e 0.2x aˆ y T, find the power required
I
(C) I y to move the conductor at constant speed to x = 2.0 m,
I y = 0 m in 5 10 3 s. Assume parallel motion along the
x x-axis. [2014]
z

B z

I 1.5
(D) I y I
I
x I
If there is a uniform magnetic field of 0.3 T in the positive
B y
z direction, in which orientations the loop would be in (i)
2.0
stable equilibrium and (ii) unstable equilibrium ? [2015]
(a) (B) and (D), respectively x
(b) (B) and (C), respectively –1.5
(c) (A) and (B), respectively
(d) (A) and (C), respectively (a) 1.57 W (b) 2.97 W (c) 14.85 W (d) 29.7 W
 163
92. Currents of a 10 ampere and 2 ampere are passed through (a) expand (b) compress
two parallel thin wires A and B respectively in opposite (c) remains same (d) none of these
directions. Wire A is infinitely long and the length of the 97. Wires 1 and 2 carrying currents i1 and i2 respectively are
wire B is 2 m. The force acting on the conductor B, which
inclined at an angle to each other. What is the force on
is situated at 10 cm distance from A will be
[Online May 26, 2012] a small element dl of wire 2 at a distance of r from wire 1 (as
(a) 8 × 10–5 N (b) 5 × 10–5 N shown in figure) due to the magnetic field of wire 1? [2002]
(c) 8 × 10–7 N (d) 4 × 10–7 N (a) 0
i1i2 dl tan 1 2
Directions : Question numbers 93 and 94 are based on the 2 r
following paragraph. (b) 0
i1i2 dl sin i1 r i2
A current loop ABCD is held fixed on the plane of the paper as 2 r
shown in the figure. The arcs BC (radius = b) and DA (radius = a) (c) 0
i1i2 dl cos dl
of the loop are joined by two straight wires AB and CD. A 2 r
steady current I is flowing in the loop. Angle made by AB and (d) 0
i1i2 dl sin
CD at the origin O is 30°. Another straight thin wire with steady 4 r
current I1 flowing out of the plane of the paper is kept at the
origin. [2009]
TOPIC 4
B
a A

I1 30° I
O 98. Consider a galvanometer shunted with 5 resistance and
D 2% of current passes through it. What is the resistance of
b the given galvanometer ? [Aug. 31, 2021 (I)]
C
(a) 300 (b) 344
93. The magnitude of the magnetic field (B) due to the loop (c) 245 (d) 226
ABCD at the origin (O) is : 99. For full scale deflection of total 50 divisions, 50 mV voltage
o I (b a) is required in galvanometer. The resistance of galvanometer
(a) if its current sensitivity is 2 div/mA will be:
24ab
[Aug. 27, 2021 (II)]
oI b a
(b) (a) 1 (b) 5
4 ab
(c) 4 (d) 2
oI 100. A galvanometer of resistance G is converted into a volt-
(c) [2(b a) / 3(a b)]
4 meter of ragne 0 – 1V by connecting a resistance R1 in
(d) zero series with it. The additional resistance that should be
94. Due to the presence of the current I1 at the origin: connected in series with R1 to increase the range of the
(a) The forces on AD and BC are zero. voltmeter to 0 – 2V will be : [Sep. 05, 2020 (I)]
(b) The magnitude of the net force on the loop is given (a) G (b) R1
I1I (c) R1 – G (d) R1 + G
by o [2(b a ) / 3(a b] . 101. A galvanometer is used in laboratory for detecting the null
4
(c) The magnitude of the net force on the loop is given point in electrical experiments. If, on passing a current of 6
mA it produces a deflection of 2°, its figure of merit is close
o II1 to : [Sep. 05, 2020 (II)]
by (b a).
24ab (a) 333° A/div. (b) –3
6 × 10 A/div.
(d) The forces on AB and DC are zero. (c) 666° A/div. (d) 3 × 10–3 A/div.
95. Two long conductors, separated by a distance d carry 102. A galvanometer coil has 500 turns and each turn has an
current I1 and I2 in the same direction. They exert a force F average area of 3 × 10–4 m2. If a torque of 1.5 Nm is required
on each other. Now the current in one of them is increased to keep this coil parallel to a magnetic field when a current
to two times and its direction is reversed. The distance is of 0.5 A is flowing through it, the strength of the field (in T)
also increased to 3d. The new value of the force between is __________. [NA Sep. 03, 2020 (II)]
them is [2004]
103. A galvanometer of resistance 100 has 50 divisions on
2F F F its scale and has sensitivity of 20 µA/division. It is to be
(a) (b) (c) –2 F (d) converted to a voltmeter with three ranges, of 0–2V, 0–10
3 3 3
V and 0–20 V. The appropriate circuit to do so is :
96. If a current is passed through a spring then the spring
[12 April 2019, I]
will [2002]
 164
108. The resistance of a galvanometer is 50 ohm and the
maximum current which can be passed through it is 0.002
(a) A. What resistance must be connected to it order to
convert it into an ammeter of range 0 – 0.5 A?
[9 April 2019, II]
(a) 0.5 ohm (b) 0.002 ohm
(b) (c) 0.02 ohm (d) 0.2 ohm
109. The galvanometer deflection, when key K1 is closed but
K2 is open, equals 0 (see figure). On closing K2 also
and adjusting R2 to 5 , the deflection in galvanometer
(c) 0
becomes . The resistance of the galvanometer is, then,
5
given by [Neglect the internal resistance of battery]:
[12 Jan 2019, I]
(d) K2 R2

104. A moving coil galvanometer, having a resistance G, R1 = 220

produces full scale deflection when a current Ig flows
through it. This galvanometer can be converted into (i)
an ammeter of range 0 to I0 (I0 > Ig) by connecting a shunt
resistance RA to it and (ii) into a voltmeter of range 0 to V G
(V=GI0) by connecting a series resistance Rv to it. Then,
[12 April 2019, II]
2
I0 Ig RA Ig
(a) R A RV G2 and K1
Ig RV I0 I g
2
(a) 5 (b) 22 c) 25 (d) 12
R Ig 110. A galvanometer, whose resistance is 50 ohm, has 25
(b) RA RV G 2 and A divisions in it. When a current of 4 × 10–4 A passes through
RV I0 Ig
it, its needle (pointer) deflects by one division. To use this
2 galvanometer as a voltmeter of range 2.5 V, it should be
Ig RA I0 Ig
(c) R A RV G2 and connected to a resistance of : [12 Jan 2019, II]
I0 Ig RV Ig
(a) 250 ohm (b) 200 ohm
RA Ig (c) 6200 ohm (d) 6250 ohm
(d) RA RV G 2 and 111. A galvanometer having a resistance of 20 and 30 division
RV ( I0 Ig )
on both sides has figure of merit 0.005 ampere/division.
105. A moving coil galvanometer allows a full scale current of
The resistance that should be connected in series such
10– 4 A. A series resistance of 2 M is required to convert that it can be used as a voltmeter upto 15 volt, is:
the above galvanometer into a voltmeter of range 0 – 5 V.
[11 Jan 2019, II]
Therefore the value of shunt resistance required to
(a) 100 (b) 120 (c) 80 (d) 125
convert the above galvanometer into an ammeter of range 0
– 10 mA is : [10 April 2019, I] 112. A galvanometer having a coil resistance 100 gives a full
scale deflection when a current of 1 mA is passed through
(a) 500 (b) 100 (c) 200 (d) 10
it. What is the value of the resistance which can convert
106. A moving coil galvanometer has resistance 50 and it this galvanometer into a voltmeter giving full scale
indicates full deflection at 4 mA current. A voltmeter is deflection for a potential difference of 10 V?
made using this galvanometer and a 5 k resistance. The [8 Jan 2019, II]
maximum voltage, that can be measured using this (a) 10 k (b) 8.9 k (c) 7.9 k (d) 9.9 k
voltmeter, will be close to: [9 April 2019 I] 113. In a circuit for finding the resistance of a galvanometer by
(a) 40 V (b) 15 V (c) 20 V (d) 10 V half deflection method, a 6 V battery and a high resistance
107. A moving coil galvanometer has a coil with 175 turns and of 11k are used. The figure of merit of the galvanometer
area 1 cm2. It uses a torsion band of torsion constant 10– 60 A/division. In the absence of shunt resistance, the
6 N-m/rad. The coil is placed in a magnetic field B parallel galvanometer produces a deflection of = 9 divisions when
to its plane. The coil deflects by 1° for a current of 1mA. current flows in the circuit. The value of the shunt
The value of B (in Tesla) is approximately: resistance that can cause the deflection of /2 , is closest
[9 April 2019, II] to [Online April 16, 2018]
(a) 10–4 (b) 10–2 (c) 10–1 (c) 10–3 (a) 55 (b) 110 (c) 220 (d) 550
 165
114. A galvanometer with its coil resistance 25 requires a (a) hot wire voltmeter
current of 1mA for its full deflection. In order to construct (b) moving coil galvanometer
an ammeter to read up to a current of 2A, the approximate (c) potential coil galvanometer
value of the shunt resistance should be (d) moving magnet galvanometer
[Online April 16, 2018] 120. This questions has Statement I and Statement II. Of the
(a) 2.5 × 10–2 (b) 1.25 × 10–3 four choices given after the Statements, choose the one
(c) 2.5 × 10–3 (d) 1.25 × 10–2 that best describes into two Statements.
115. When a current of 5 mA is passed through a galvanometer Statement-I : Higher the range, greater is the resistance of
having a coil of resistance 15 , it shows full scale ammeter.
deflection. The value of the resistance to be put in series
with the galvanometer to convert it into to voltmeter of Statement-II : To increase the range of ammeter, additional
range 0 10 V is [2017] shunt needs to be used across it. [2013]
(a) 2.535 103 (b) 4.005 103 (a) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true, Statement-II
is the correct explanation of Statement-I.
(c) 1.985 103 (d) 2.045 103
(b) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true, Statement-II
116. A galvanometer having a coil resistance of 100 gives a
is not the correct explanation of Statement-I.
full scale deflection, when a currect of 1 mA is passed
through it. The value of the resistance, which can convert (c) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is false.
this galvanometer into ammeter giving a full scale deflection (d) Statement-I is false, Statement-II is true.
for a current of 10 A, is : [2016]
121. A shunt of resistance 1 is connected across a
(a) 0.1 (b) 3 (c) 0.01 (d) 2 galvanometer of 120 resistance. A current of 5.5 ampere
117. A 50 resistance is connected to a battery of 5V. A gives full scale deflection in the galvanometer. The current
galvanometer of resistance 100 is to be used as an that will give full scale deflection in the absence of the
ammeter to measure current through the resistance, for shunt is nearly : [Online April 9, 2013]
this a resistance rs is connected to the galvanometer. Which (a) 5.5 ampere (b) 0.5 ampere
of the following connections should be employed if the (c) 0.004 ampere (d) 0.045 ampere
measured current is within 1% of the current without the 122. In the circuit , the galvanometer G shows zero deflection.
ammeter in the circuit ? [Online April 9, 2016] If the batteries A and B have negligible internal resistance,
(a) rs = 0.5 in series with the galvanometer the value of the resistor R will be - [2005]
(b) rs = 1 in series with galvanometer 500
G
(c) rs = 1 in parallel with galvanometer
(d) rs = 0.5 in parallel with the galvanometer. 2V
118. To know the resistance G of a galvanometer by half 12V B R A
deflection method, a battery of emf VE and resistance R is
used to deflect the galvanometer by angle . If a shunt of
resistance S is needed to get half deflection then G, R and (a) 100 (b) 200 (c) 1000 (d) 500
S related by the equation: [Online April 9, 2016] 123. A moving coil galvanometer has 150 equal divisions. Its
(a) S (R + G) = RG (b) 2S (R + G) = RG current sensitivity is 10-divisions per milliampere and
(c) 2G = S (d) 2S = G voltage sensitivity is 2 divisions per millivolt. In order that
119. The AC voltage across a resistance can be measured each division reads 1 volt, the resistance in ohms needed
to be connected in series with the coil will be - [2005]
using a : [Online April 11, 2015]
(a) 105 (b) 103 (c) 9995 (d) 99995
 218

18 Moving Charges and Magnetism

1. (543) Given,
Accelerating potential, V = 12 kV mv2
4. (b) From, F and F qvB
Let number of revolution = n r

1 C
2 mv2 mv 2mE
mp qvB qB r
2 6 r r qB

1 P mv 2mE
n 2 e V mP vP2
2
19
m
n 2 1.6 10 12 103 r
q
2 m = 2md and q = 2qd
1 3 108
1.67 10 27
2 6 rd md 2qd
2
r qd 2md
16 11
n 38.4 10 0.2087 10

n 543.6197 mV 2
2. (d) Given, 5. (d) F = and F = qVB
r
Electric field, E0 = 800
E0 mV 2 mV
Magnetic field, B0 = qVB r
C r qB

eE 0 V 2mK
Magnetic force Fmax eB0 V or, r ( p = mV = 2mK )
C qB
800
1.6 10 19
3 107 1280 10 20 r 2q 2 B2
3 10 8 K
2m
= 12.8 × 10–18 N
3. (b) Given, rp2 q 2p B 2 r 2q 2 B2
Kp and K
q1 1 v1 2 2m p 2m
&
q2 2 v2 3 2 2
Kp rp2q 2p m 2 1 4
Radius of circular path,
K 2 2
r q mp 1 2 1
mv
R Where,
qB Kp
m = mass of charged particle or, 4 :1
K
B = magnetic field
6. (b) Force on a charge particle of charge q moving with
mv1 velocity v in the magnetic field of strength B is given by
R1 Q1B v1 q2 2 2 4
Fm qv B
R2 mv2 v2 q1 3 1 3
Q2 B Since, force on a point charge by magnetic field is
always perpendicular to v . So, work done by magnetic
force on the point charge is zero.
 219
2
0 NIR mv mv 2
7. (b) Magnetic field, B r qvB0
2 2 3/2 qB0 r
2( R x )
Hence, minimum value of v for which the particle will not
1
or, B hit the screen.
(R2 x 2 )3/2
qB0 d
v
m

10. (a) [Given: q 1 C 1 10 6 C;

V (2iˆ 3 ˆj 4kˆ) m/s and

B (5iˆ 3 ˆj 6kˆ) ×10 –3 T ]

B1 [ R 2 (0.2)2 ]3/2 8
iˆ ˆj kˆ
B2 2 2 3/2 1
[R (0.05) ] 6 3
F q(V B) 10 10 2 3 4
2/3 2 2 5 3 6
8 [R (0.2) ]
1 2 2
[R (0.05) ]
( 30iˆ 32 ˆj 9kˆ) 10 9
N
2
R 0.04 4
F ( 30iˆ 32 ˆj 9kˆ)
R2 0.0025 1

R2 0.04 4 R 2 0.01 3R2 0.03 2 m

11. (d) Pitch (v cos )T and T
qB
R 0.1 m
8. (c) E 300 ˆj V/cm 3 104 V/m Pitch (V cos )
2 m
qB
V 6 106 iˆ
y 2 1.67 10 27
E (4 105 cos 60 )
E 300 j 0.3 1.69 10 19 = 4 cm
4 x
V/cm 3– 10 V/m
e z 2 m
V 12. (c) Time period of one revolution of proton, T
6 qB
V 6 10 i
Here, m = mass of proton
B must be in +z axis. q = charge of proton
qE qV B 0 B = magnetic field.
E = VB Linear distance travelled in one revolution,
p = T(v cos ) (Here, v = velocity of proton)
E 3 104
B 5 10 3 T Length of region, l 10 (v cos )T
V 6 106
Hence, magnetic field B = 5 × 10–3 T along +z direction. 2 m
l 10 v cos 60
9. (c) In uniform magnetic field particle moves in a circular qB
path, if the radius of the circular path is 'r', particle will not
27
hit the screen. 20 mv 20 3.14 1.67 10 4 105
l 19
qB 1.6 10 0.3
l 0.44 m

13. (a)
 220
As we know, magnetic force F = qvB = ma KE = q V
qvB
a perpendicular to velocity.. 2mq V m
m r r
qB q
2KE 2 e 106 rp
Also v 1
m m
r 2
qvB eB 2 e 106 mv
a 18. (d) Radius of the path (r) is given by r
m m m qB
3 2mk
r p mv 2mk
12 1.6 10 –19 2
3 eB
10 . 2 10 B
1.67 10 –27
2meV
( k eV)
1 eB
B 10–3 T 0.71 mT (approx)
2
31
14. (d) As particle is moving along a circular path 2m 2 9.1 10
V (500)
mv e 1.6 10 19
...(i) r
R B 100 10 3
qB
Path is straight line, then
9.1 10
qE = qvB 10
0.16 3 4
E r 10
E = vB v ....(ii) 10 1 .4
B
4
From equation (i) and (ii) 7.5 10
–19 2
19. (None)
qB2 R 1.6 10 0.5 0.5 10 –2
m Assuming particle enters from (0, d)
E 100
mv r
m = 2.0 × 10–24 kg r , d
15. (b) qB 2

mv 2mK.E. (0, d)
16. (b) As mvr = qvB r
qB qB

1
[As : mv2 K.E. (0, 0) 30°
Fm
V
2 r/2
r
m 2 v2 2m K.E.
C
mv 2m K.E.]
qVB 3i j
For proton, electron and -particle, a
m 2
mHe = 4mp and mp >> me
Also aHe = 2qp and qp = qe this option is not given in the all above four choices.
As KE of all the particles is same then, 20. (b) As we know, radius of circular path in magnetic field
m 2Km
r r
q qB
rHe = rp > re
mv 2Km e
17. (a) Radius of the circular path will be r For electron, re ....(i)
qB eB

2mKE 2Km p
r ( p mv 2mKE ) For proton, rp ....(ii)
qB eB
 221
25. (d) When a charged particle enters the magnetic field
2Kma 2K4m p 2Km p in perpendicular direction then it experience a force in
For particle, r ...(iii) perpendicular direction.
q B 2eB eB
i.e. F = Bqv sin
r e < rp = r ( me < mp)
Due to which it moves in a circular path.
21. (b) The force is parallel to the direction
of current in magnetic field, E 7.7 103
26. (c) As velocity v = 55 km/s
B 0.14
hence F q(v B) 27. (a) The charge experiences both electric and magnetic
According to Fleming's left hand rule, force.
F Electric force, Fe = qE
Magnetic force, Fm = q v B
I v
e Net force, F q E v B
B
iˆ ˆj kˆ
we have, the direction of motion of charge is towards the q 3i j 2k 3 4 1
wire. 1 1 3
22. (d) From figure, sin = d/R
q 3i j 2kˆ i 12 1 j 9 1 k 3 4

R = q 3iˆ j 2k 13i 10 j k

=q 10i 11 j k

d Fy 11qjˆ
Thus, the y component of the force.
28. (b) As velocity is not changing, charge particle must go
mv 2 undeflected, then
And we know, = qvB
R qE = qvB
mv E
R= v
qB B
dqB Also,
sin
mv E B E B sin E B sin 90 E
2
|v| v
2 2 B B
q 1 2 B B
sin = Bd qV mv
2mV 2 29. (b) When a charged particle enters a magnetic field at a
23. (c) Since particle is moving undeflected direction perpendicular to the direction of motion, the path
of the motion is circular. In circular motion the direction of
So, q E qvB
velocity changes at every point (the magnitude remains
E 104 constant).
B 103 wb / m 2 Therefore, the tangential momentum will change at every
V 10
point. But kinetic energy will remain constant as it is given
24. (b) The centripetal force is provided by the magnetic force
1
by mv 2 and v2 is the square of the magnitude of velocity
mv 2 mv
r
m 2
= qvB r= which does not change.
R Bq q
30. (b) The charged particle will move along the lines of electric
mp md m field (and magnetic field). Magnetic field will exert no force.
rp : rd : r = : : The force by electric field will be along the lines of uniform
qp qd q
electric field. Hence the particle will move in a straight line.
31. (c) Equating magnetic force to centripetal force,
= 1 : 2 :1
Thus we have, r = rp < rd mv 2
qvB sin 90º
r
 222
mv Bqr 0I
= Bq v= B2 sin 90 sin 2
r m 4 x
Time to complete one revolution,
2 r 2 m 0 I y
T= 1 ... ii
v qB 4 y x2 y2
32. (b) Due to electric field, it experiences force and BNet = B1 + B2
accelerates i.e. its velocity decreases.
33. (b) The workdone, dW = Fds cos
0I 1 x 1 y
The angle between force and displacement is 90°. B
4 y y x 2
y 2 x x x 2
y2
Therefore work done is zero.
× × ×

0I x y x2 y2
B
× × × 4 xy xy x 2 y2
F

× ×
0I x y x2 y2
S
4 xy xy
34. (a) When a moving charged particle is subjected to a
perpendicular magnetic field, then it describes a circular
0I
path of radius. B x2 y2 x y
4 xy
p
r
qB i
where q = Charge of the particle
p = Momentum of the particle
B = Magnetic field
Here p, q and B are constant for electron and proton, therefore
the radius will be same. a
37. (a)
35. (a) The time period of a charged particle of charge q and
2 m b
mass m moving in a magnetic field (B) is T
qB
Clearly time period is independent of speed of the particle.
N
No. of turns in dr width dr
36. (a) b a
y
b
N i
dB dr 0
b a 2x
P(x,y) a
2
I N 0i b
1 B n
2 b a a

38. (d) A
O x
I
Wire (I)
i i

0I
B1 sin 90 sin
4 y 1 60° d
a

0I x
1 ... i 0i
4 y 2 B 3 sin 60 sin 60
x y2 4 d
 223
41. (d) magnetic filed at centre (Bc) is
a/2
tan 60
d 0i
Bc
put a = 9 × 10–2 m 1a
2
magnetic field at distance r from centre Br an axis is
9 10
d m 2
2 3 0ia
Br 3/ 2
B = 3 × 10–5 T. 2 a2 r2
B is into the plane of triangle. fractional change in magnetic field
2
39. (c) no. of turn as of in triangle 0i 0 ia
2a 2/3
24a 2 a2 r2 1
N1 8 1
3/ 2
3a 0i
r2
no. of t urns in square 2a 1
a2
M1 N1 IA1
[As i1 = i2 = I] 3 r2 3 r2
M2 N2 IA2 1 1
2 a2 2 a2
3 2 3/ 2
8 a r2 3 r2
4 Note : a 1
a2 2 a
6 a3
42. (b) Magnetic field due to wire at a point inside the wire
M1 1 (r < R).
y=3
M2 3 0 Jr
B
2
i
where J
R2

B
40. (a) A
Bmax

For x < a r
O R
Using ampere's circuital lows
B. dl current enclosed Slope of OA = J
o
i
io For wire of radius a J1
B1 2 x o x2 a2
a2
2 i
o io x For wire of radius b J 2
B 2 x b2
2
a
We can see slope of wire of radius a (J1) > slope of wire of
o io x
B1 2 ...(i) radius b (J2) as b > a.
2 a Maximum value of magnetic field,
For a < x < b
B2 2 x o io 0 JR 0 iR 0i
Bmax 2
2 2 R 2 R
o io
B2 ...(ii) Bmax for a > Bmax for b
2 x
So, the most appropriate option is (b).
x
o io 43. (a) Magnetic field at P,
B1 2 a2 x2
BP = 2 (Magnetic field due to straight wire)
B2 o io a2 + (Magnetic field due to semicircle)
2 x
 224
Magnetic field due to one side of hexagon
0I 0I
BP 2
4 r 4r 0I
B (sin 30 sin 30 )
3a
0I 0I 0I
4
BP (2 ) 2
2 r 4r 4 r
0I
1 1 0I
44. (d) B
v 2 3a 2 2 2 3a
Now, magnetic field due to one hexagon coil
+ +q 0I
B 6
2 3a
Again magnetic field at the centre of hexagonal shape coil
of 50 turns,
Length of the circular path, l 2 r 0I 10
B 50 6 a 0.1 m
q qv 2 3a 100
Current, i
T 2 r 150 0I 0I
Magnetic moment M = Current × Area or, B 500 3
3 0.1
2 qv 2 47. (a) Let a be the radius of the wire
i r r
2 r Magnetic field at point A (inside)
1 a
M q v r
2 0i
0 ir 3 0i
a 0i
BA
mv 2 a 2
2 a2 2
a 6 6 a
Radius of circular path in magnetic field, r
qB
1 mv mv 2
M qv M
2 qB 2B
Direction of M is opposite of B therefore
mv 2 B
M
2B 2
(By multiplying both numerator and denominator by B).
3
45. (d) Given : IA = 2 A, RA = 2 cm, A 2
2 2
5
IB = 3 A, RB = 4 cm, B 2 Magnetic field at point B (outside)
3 3
0I 0i
Using, magnetic field, B BB
R 2 2a
3 0i
2 4
BA IA A RB 2 6 BA 6 a 4 2
BB IB B RA
5 5 BB 0 i 6 3
3 2
3 2 (2 a)
48. (b) Magnetic field inside the solenoid is given by
46. (c)
B = µ0nI .... (i)
Here, n = number of turns per unit length
30° a
30°

I
3a
2
 225
The path of charge particle is circular. The maximum µ0 i
52. (b) B = , (sin sin )
R 4 r
possible radius of electron
2
Here r = 52 32 = 4 cm
mVmax R = = 37°
qB 2
7 5
B = 10 2sin 37 = 1.5 × 10–5 T
qBR eR 0 nI 4
Vmax (using (i))
2m 2m

53. (a)
49. (a)

1
r (a sin 60)
B0 = B1 + B2 + B3 + B4 3
0I 0I 0I
sin 90 – sin 45 a 3 a
4 R 2R 4 R r
3 2 2 3
[sin45° + sin90°]

0I 1 0I 0I 1 0l
– 1– 1 B0 3 (sin 60 sin 60 )
4 R 2 2R 4 R 2 4 r

0I 1 3 0l 3 9 0l
B0 (2)
2 R 2 a 2 2 a
4
2 3
50. (a) B B1 B2
9 2 10 7 10
µ0 i º ˆ i º ˆ = 18 T
. .k k 0 1
2 d d 54. (d) Let a be the area of the square and r be the radius of
51. (b) If q is the charge on the ring, then circular loop.
2a
2 r 4a r

For square
M = (I) a2
For circular loop
M1 = (I) r2
q q
i= 4a2
T 2 M1 ( I )( )
2
Magnetic field,
q
4Ia 2
0i 0
2 M1
B= =
2R 2R
q q 40 4M
0
10 7 M1 ( M = Ia2)
or 3.8 × 10–9 = 4 R 0.10
55. (c) Let I be the current in each wire. (directed inwards)
q = 3 × 10–5 C.
Magnetic field at ‘O’ due to LP and QM will be zero.
i.e., B0 = BPS + BQN
 226
0i 0i BL 1
Net magnetic field B0
4 d 4 d BC N2
7
4 0i 2 10 i 0I
or 10
2
58. (c) Magnetic field at the centre of loop, B1
2 d 4 10 2R
i = 20 A and the direction of magnetic field is Dipole moment of circular loop is m = IA
perpendicular into the plane m1 = I.A = I. R2 {R = Radius of the loop}
If moment is doubled (keeping current constant) R be-
comes 2R
2
m2 I. 2R 2.I R 2 2m1

0I
B2
2 2R

56. (d) 0I
B1 2R 2
B2 0I
2 2R

59. (b) Point P is situated at the mid-point of the line joining

There will be no magnetic field at O due to wire the centres of the circular wires which have same radii (R).
PQ and RS
Magnetic field at ‘O’ due to arc QR The magnetic fields ( B ) at P due to the currents in the
wires are in same direction.
Magnitude of magnetic field at point, P
.I
0 4
2 2 8 0 NI
4 r1 0 NIR 0 NIR
B= 2 3/ 2
= 3/ 2
= 3/ 2
5 5 R
Magnetic field at ‘O’ due to are PS R2
2 R2 8
4
.I
0 4
4 r2 60. (b) Case (a) :
Net magnetic field at ‘O’
µ0 I µ0 I
BA= 2 2 ( 2 R= )
1 1 4 R 4 /2
0
/4 10
B= 4 µ0 I
3 10 2 5 10 2 = (2 ) 2
4
Case (b) :
|B| 10 5 T 1 10 5 T
3
45°
57. (d) a BB

r a/2
Loop R Coil

L= 2 R L=N×2 r µ0 I
BB = 4 × [sin 45° + sin 45°]
R 4 a/2
R= Nr r=
N µ0 µ0 I
I 2 64 0I
=4 32 2 [4a = l]
2 4 /8 2 4 2 4
i 0 Ni 0 Ni0 0Ni
BLoop = B =
2R coil 2r R 2R BA 2
2
N BB 8 2
 227
67. (c) The magnetic field is
0 nI
61. (b) For loop B 2I 2 100
2a 0 7
B 10 = 5 × 10–6 T
where, a is the radius of loop. 4 r 4

0I W N
Then, B1
2a
100A
Now, for coil B 0I 2nA
.
x3 4
at the centre x = radius of loop
4m
2
0 2 3 I/3 a /3 0 .3I S E
B2 . =
4 3 2a Ground
a/3
B
B1 0 I / 2a
Current flows from east to west. Point is below the power
B2 0 .3I / 2a line, using right hand thumb rule, the magnetic field is
B1 : B2 1: 3 directed towards south.
68. (d) There is no current inside the pipe. From Ampere’s
62. (a) Magnetic field at any point lies on axial position of
current carrying conductor B = 0 circuital law B dl 0I
63. (b) Given : Radius = R
I=0
Distance x 2 2R B=0
3/2 3/2 69. (c) The direction of magnetic field induction due to
Bcentre x2 (2 2R)2 current through AB and CD at P are indicated as B1 and
1 1 (9)3/2 27
Baxis R2 R2 B2. The magnetic fields at a point P, equidistant from AOB
and COD will have directions perpendicular to each other,
64. (a) The magnetic field due to a disc is given as
as they are placed normal to each other.
0 Q 1
B i.e., B
2 R R A P D
B1 B2
65. (d) Let R be the radius of semicircular ring. Let an
elementary length dl is cut for finding magnetic field. So, I1 d I2
d
dl = Rd . Current in a small element, dI I
O
Magnetic field due to the element
0 2dI I
dB = 02 C B
4 R 2 R
The component dB cos , of the field is cancelled by another Magnetic field at P due to current through AB,
opposite component.
Therefore, B1 0 I1
2 d
Magnetic field at P due to current through CD,

B2 0I2
2 d
dB
Resultant field, B B12 B22

Bnet dB sin 0I sin d 0I

2 2 2
2 R0 R
B 0
I12 I 22
66. (a) The magnetic field varies inversely with the distance 2 d
1 1/ 2
for a long conductor. That is, B or, B 0
I12 I 22
d
2 d
so, graph in option (a) is the correct one.
 228
70. (a) Magnetic field due to long solenoid is given by B = 0nI 74. (c) The magnetic field at a point on the axis of a circular
In first case B1 = 0n1I1 loop at a distance x from centre is,
In second case, B2 = 0n2I2
0i a2
B
B2 0 n2i2 2( x 2 a 2 )3 / 2
B1 0 n1i1 Magnetic field at the centre of loop is
i 0i
100 B
B2 3 2a
2 200 i
6.28 10
B ( x 2 a 2 )3/2
2 B
B2
6.28 10
1.05 10 2
Wb/m 2
a3
6 Put x = 4 & a = 3
71. (d) (1) 54(53 )
B = 250 µT
3 3 3
75. (a) Magnetic field induction at the centre of current
(2)
carrying circular coil of radius r is
I
0
B 2
4 R
The magnetic field due to circular coil (1) is
I 0
3 102 Here B A 2
µ0i1 0i1 0 4 R
B1 2
2r
2(2 10 ) 4
2I0
Magnetic field due to coil (2) and BB 2
Total magnetic field 4 2R
BA I/R
0 i2 0 4 10 2 1
B2 BB 2 I / 2R
2 4
2(2 10 )
76. (80) Flux, B. A
Total magnetic field, B = B12 B22
4 t
= 0
5 × 102 10 3 1 . R2
4 100
B = 10–7 × 5 × 102 3 t 2
B = 5 × 10–5 Wb/m2 4 10 1 1
100
72. (b) From Ampere’s circuital law
From Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction,
B dl 0i Induced emf,
B × 2 r = 0i d
Here i is zero, for r < R, whereas R is the radius dt
B=0
73. (b) Magentic field at the centre of a circular coil of radius d 3 t
or, 4 10 1
0i
dt 100
R carrying current i is B
2R 1
3
The circumference of the first loop = 2 R. If it is bent into or, 4 10 4 10 5 V
100
n circular coil of radius r .
n × (2 r ) = 2 R
nr = R ...(i) t
If B = 0; 1 0
n 100
0i
New magnetic field, B ...(ii) t = 100 s
2r
From (1) and (2), 2
Energy dissipated by the coil = t
n 0i n R
B n2B
2 R
 229
5 2 M M1 M2 M abI (i j)
4 10
6
100
2 10 ˆj kˆ
|M | 2abI
16 10 10
100 2 2
0.08 J 80 mJ
6
2 10 79. (c) Torque on circular loop, = MB sin
where, M = magnetic moment
77. (b) y
B = magnetic field
(0,b,0) Now, using = I
= MB sin = I

mR 2
R 2 IB
I 2
x mR 2
( m = IA and moment of inertia of circular loop, I )
z 2

mR 2
y R2IB
2

2 IB 2 2 IB
r m T m
b F
Fcos 2 m
T
r b2 a2 IB
a a x
F
Fcos

Force, F 0I
BI 2 a I 2a
2 r 80. (d)
2
0I a
Force, F
b2 a2
Torque, F1 Perpendicular distance F cos 2a
As net force on the third wire C is zero.
2
0I a b µ0 I1 µ0 I2
2a F 0
b2 a2 b2 a2 2 x 2 (d x)

2 2 µ0 I1 µ0 I2
2 0I a b
2 2 x 2 (x d)
(a b2 )
I1x – I1d = I2x
2 2
a 2 0I
If b >> a then I1d
b x
I1 I2
78. (b) Magnetic moment of loop ABCD,
M1 = area of loop × current Two cases may be possible if I1 > I2 or I2 > I1

M1 (abI )( ˆj ) (Here, ab = area of rectangle) 81. (d) = MB sin45° = N (iA) B sin 45°
Magnetic moment of loop DEFA, 4 1
100 3(5 2.5) 10 1
M2 (abI )(i ) 2
= 0.27 N-m
Net magnetic moment,
 230
ii i2 i1i2 qv
0 0 i1i2 85. (a) Magnetic moment, IA ( r2 )
82. (c) F a
2 r
2 a 2a 4
qr 1 2
83. (b) | | | B| [ = NIA] or, ( r2 ) qr
2 r 2
=NIA × B sin 90o [A = r2] 86. (c) Magnetic moment of current carrying rectangular loop
=NI r2B of area A is given by M = NIA
magnetic moment of current carrying coil is a vector and
its direction is given by right hand thumb rule, for
rectangular loop, B at centre due to current in loop and
M are always parallel.

B, M B, M

Outwards Inwards
84. (d)
Hence, (c) corresponds to stable equilibrium.
87. (c) F1 F2 0
because of action and reaction pair
88. (a) For stable equilibrium M || B

For unstable equilibrium M || (–B)

89. (a) I1 I2 = Positive
(attract) F = Negative
I1 I2= Negative
(repell) F = Positive
Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.
90. (c) For small arc length
2T sin = BIR 2 (As F = BIL and L = RZ )
T = BIR
Force on one pole,

0I P Q
F m
2 d x2 2
T T
Total force, Ftotal = 2F sin R
Tsin Tsin
0 Im x
2
2 d2 a2 d2 a2

0 Im x 91. (b) Work done in moving the conductor is,

2 2
(d a ) 2 2
Magnetic moment, M = I a2 = m × 2 W Fdx 3.0 10 4 e 0.2 x 10 3dx
0 0
2
0 Ia l=3m
or, Total force, Ftotal 2 2 3 2 0.2 x I = 10 A
2(d a ) = 9 10 e dx z
0

0 Ia 2 9 10 3 x
d a = [ e 0.2 2
1]
2
2d 0.2

a2 9 10 3
0.4
Clearly Ftotal = [1 e ]
d2 0.2
 231
97. (c) Magnetic field due to current in wire 1 at point P distant
9×10 –3 (0.33) 2.97×10 –3 r from the wire is
= =
2 2
Power required to move the conductor is, 0 i1
B cos cos
4 r i2
W i1 P
P= r
dl
t
0 i1 cos
3 B=
2.97 10 2 r
P 2.97 W
3
(0.2) 5 10
This magnetic field is directed perpendicular to the plane of
92. (a) Force acting on conductor B due to conductor A is
paper, inwards.
given by relation
The force exerted due to this magnetic field on current
0 I1 I 2 l element i2 dl is
F=
2 r dF = i2 dl B sin 90°
l-length of conductor B dF = i2 dlB
r-distance between two conductors
dF = i2 dl 0 i1 cos
4 10 7 10 2 2 4 r
F= = 8 × 10–5 N
2 0.1
93. (a) The magnetic field at O due to current in DA is 0 i1 i2 dl cos
2 r
B1 o I
(directed vertically upwards)
4 a 6 i 0.02i
The magnetic field at O due to current in BC is G

o I 0.98i
B2 (directed vertically downwards)
4 b 6 98. (c)
The magnetic field due to current AB and CD at O is zero.
Therefore the net magnetic field is 5
B = B1 – B2 (directed vertically upwards) 0.02i Rg = 0.98i × 5
o I o I Rg = 245 .
4 a6 4 b 6 99. (d) Given, current sensitivity = 2 dov/mA
Full scale current,
oI 1 1 oI
(b a) 50
24 a b 24ab I max 25mA
2
94. (d) F I ( B)
The force on AD and BC due to current I1 is zero. This is V 50 mV
Resistance, R 2
because the directions of current element I d and 1 25mA
100. (d) Galvanometer of resistance (G) converted into a
magnetic field B are parallel. voltmeter of range 0-1 V.
95. (a) Force acting between two long conductor carrying
current, R1
G
0 2 I1I 2 ig
F ...(i)
4 d
V 1 ig (G R1 ) ...(i)
Where d = distance between the conductors
= length of conductor To increase the range of voltmeter 0-2 V

In second case, F 0 2(2 I1 ) I 2 ..(ii) G

4 3d R1 R2
From equation (i) and (ii), we have
2 ig ( R1 R2 G) ...(ii)
F 2
F 3 Dividing eq. (i) by (ii),
96. (b) When current is passed through a spring then current G R1
1
flows parallel in the adjacent turns in the same direction.
As a result the various turn attract each other and spring 2 G R1 R2
get compress.
 232
G R1 R2 2G 2 R1 S
108. (d) Using, ig i
S G
R2 G R1
101. (d) Given, S
0.002 0.5
Current passing through galvanometer, I = 6 mA S 50
On solving, we get
Deflection, = 2°
Figure of merit of galvanometer 100
S 0.2
498
3
I 6 10 3 109. (b) When key K1 is closed and key K2 is open
3 10 A/div
2
E
102. (20) ig C 0 ... (i)
220 R g
Given,
Area of galvanometer coil, A = 3 × 10–4 m2 When both the keys are closed
Number of turns in the coil, N = 500 E 5 C 0
ig
Current in the coil, I = 0.5 A 5R g (R g 5) 5
220
5 Rg
Torque | M B | NiAB sin(90 ) NiAB

1.5 5E C 0
B 20 T ... (ii)
NiA 500 0.5 3 10 4 225R g 1100 5
103. (c) ig = 20 × 50 = 1000 µA = 1 mA
E
Using, V = ig (G + R), we have C 0 ... (i)
220 R g
2 = 10–3 (100 + R1)
R1 = 1900 Dividing (i) by (ii), we get
when, V = 10 volt 225R g 1100
10 = 10–3 (100 + R2 + R1) 5
1100 5R g
10000 = (100 + R2 + 1900)
R2 = 8000 5500 + 25Rg = 225Rg + 1100
104. (b) In an ammeter, 200Rg = 4400
RA Rg = 22
ig i0
RA G 110. (b) Galvanometer has 25 divisions Ig = 4 × 10–4 × 25 = 10–2 A
and for voltmeter, G ig
V = ig (G + RV) = Gi0 R V = Ig Rnet
50
On solving above equations, we get
v 2.5V
RARV = G2
v = Ig (G + R)
2
RA ig 2.5 = (50 + R) 10–2 R = 200
and
RV i0 ig 111. (c) Deflection current
= Igmax = nxk =0.005 × 30
105. (None) v = ig (R + G) Where, n = Number of divisions = 30 and k = 0.005 amp/
5 = 10–4 (2 × 106 + x) division
x = – 195 × 104 = 15 × 10–2 = 0.15
v = Ig[20 + R]
106. (c) V = ig (G + R) = 4 × 10–3 (50 + 5000) = 20V
15 = 0.15 [20 + R]
107. (d) C = NBiA sin 90° 100 = 20 + R
6
R = 80
or 10 175B(10 3 ) 10 4
112. (d) Given,
180
–3 Resistance of galvanometer, G = 100
B = 10 T
Current, ig = 1 mA
 233
A galvanometer can be converted into voltmeter by 116. (c) Ig G = ( I – Ig)s
connecting a large resistance R in series with it. 10–3 × 100 = (10 – 10–3) × S
Total resistance of the combination = G + R
S 0.01
According to Ohm’s law, V = ig (G + R)
10 = 1 × 10–3 (100 + R0) V 5
10000 – 100 = 9900 = R0 117. (d) As we know, I 0.1
R 50
R0 = 9.9 k
I' = 0.099
113. (b) Figure of merit of a galvanometer is the correct required
When Galvanometer is connected
to produce a deflection of one division in the galvanometer
100S V
I R eq = 50 + =
i.e., figure of merit 100 + S I
1 100S 5
I G K 50
R G 9 100 S 0.099
1 S 1 S 100S 100S
50.50 50 0.5
2 GS S G 2 R(S G) GS 100 S 100 S
R
G S 100S = 50 + 0.55 99.5S = 50
50
S S= = 0.5
99.05
G G
1 I/2 So, shunt of resistance = 0.5 is connected in parallel
RG I
2 with the galvanometer.
S
(R G)I R R V
118. (a) According to Ohm's Law, I
2 R
E E V
Ig =
R +G
1
11 103 102 270 10 6 where, Ig-Galvanometer current, G-Galvonometer resistance
S 2 110
6 R IG
6 G
2
114. (d) According to question, current through galvanometer,
V
Ig = 1 mA
Current through shunt (I – Ig) = 2 A
Galvanometer resistance Rg = 25 When shunt of resistance S is connected parallel to the
GS
Resistance of shunt, S = ? Ig Galvanometer then G =
G G +S
V
I – Ig S I=
GS
I0R0 = (I – Ig)S R+
G +S
3
10 25
S IG
2 R 2
S 1.25 × 10–2 G
115. (c) Given : Current through the galvanometer,
S
ig = 5 × 10–3 A
Galvanometer resistance, G = 15
Equal potential difference is given by
Let resistance R to be put in series with the galvanometer
to convert it into a voltmeter. I'g G = (I - I'g )S
V = ig (R + G) I 'g (G S) IS
10 = 5 × 10–3 (R + 15)
Ig IS
R = 2000 – 15 = 1985 = 1.985 × 103
2 G S
 234
V V S
122. (a) 500
2(R G ) GS G S A
R
G S i
1 S 2V
R
2(R G) R(G S) GS 12V
R(G S) GS 2S(R G)

RG RS GS 2S(R G) 10 1
12 – 2 = (500 )i i
500 50
RG 2S(R G) S(R G)
RG S(R G) 12 1
Again, i =
119. (b) To measure AC voltage across a resistance a 500 R 50
moving coil galvanometer is used. 500 + R = 600
120. (d) Statements I is false and Statement II is true R = 100
IgG 123. (c) Resistance of Galvanometer,
For ammeter, shunt resistance, S
I – Ig Current sensitivity 10
G= G= 5
Therefore for I to increase, S should decrease, So additional Voltage sensitivity 2
S can be connected across it.
121. (d) The current that will given full scale deflection in the 150
Here ig = Full scale deflection current = = 15 mA
absence of the shunt is nearly equal to the current through 10
the galvanometer when shunt is connected i.e. Ig V = voltage to be measured = 150 volts
IS (such that each division reads 1 volt)
As Ig
G S 150
R= 5 9995
3
5.5 1 15 10
= 0.045 ampere.
120 1