INTRODUCTION Information and Communication” ‘Téchriology has become one of the basi, modern society. devices to perform the task: Tntroduction to TT-LC Industry Te uirement! In today’s digi vent without the use of difficult to think of e digital devices. Inorg Technology” (IT) is one of the world’s fastest which envisages easier flow of levels in the rowing econe mic activities, ififor ‘ation at various ’ The Information ices (ITeS) sector desired patt Technology enabled has not only changed the world looks at our country but has also made significant contributions to the Indian ecoémy. This session will introduce 4 ideas related to Information the basic conc Technology ( Informatio Information Te storing and exchangi types of technology such as comput IT enabled Services (ITeS). Technology chnology (IT) means crea! ne IT includes all ting, managing, ing information. sed to deal with information, er hardware and software technology“Oo Used for creating, storing, and transferring Computer takes data an input, proce produces the results as output, The information in the resnit of data processing, Daty refer material, Which are processed to get the information: Number of boys and girls in a class is a factual data of the classroom, This is an imple of data related to the students in the class. Some conclusion can be drawn based on the data. This conclusion is information, The decisions are taken on the basis of data and information, IT is a tightly integrated part of business, Computers and information systems are an essential part of every business today. Like accountingand legal, every,business shnology to compete. IT has several benefits for a business, such as it helps in reaching, more potential customers, developing a business relationship with potential customers, streamlining, operations, reducing, costs, improving efficiency, maximising profit, minimising waste, providing better, service to customers, supporting, better relationships with key partners, and allowing customers to better\guide the business. Information Technology enabled Services (ITeS): 9 Gnu ‘ Inforination Technology that enables the business oby, improving the quality of service is Information ( Ctethnology-cnabled Services (ITeS). ITeS is also called. \ Seb-enabl d services or remote services that cover the entifa6pérations which exploit Information Technology for im) ing the efficiency of an organisation. These sa ices provideawiderange ofcareer options thatinclude 0) nformation it and 8 to the facts or raw tunities in all offices like call centres, payrolls, iaceivarti management, revenue claims processing, medical billing, coding, medical transcription, legal databases, back office operations, content development, GIS (geographical information system), web services and Human Resource (HR) services, etc. ITeS is defined as outsourcing of processes that can be enabled with information technology and covers diverse areas like finance, HR, administration, health care, telecommunication, manufacturing, etc. Domestic Data Entry OPERATOR ~ Ciass IXrvices radically reduce costs and improve ndards. In short, Internet service provider rovide B2B e-commerce solutions. ITeS offers different services integrated in a single delivery mechanism to end users. The services may include Medical Transcription, Customer Relationship Management, Data Entry and Data Processing, Software development, Data Warehousing, IT Help Desk Services, Enterprise Resource Planning and Telecommunication Services. BPO services Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) services means performing business operations through an outside | service provider. BPO also comes under IT services as_ | IT plays a very useful role in optimising the business performance. The BPO industry is highly organised and | hence various kinds of jobs are outsourcedsin India. | India has the expertise in reducing costs, with firm | control on the quality of the service. 7 \ Some of the BPO services are as follows:” \ (a) Financial and AccountingServices” {b) Taxation and Insurance Services (c) E-Publishing and Web-emotion f (d) Legal Services and Content Writing / (e) Multimedia and-Design Services (f) Document Management Services (@) Software Testing Sérvices_ (h) Health Care Services = BPM industry in Indias, The IT BPM (busineasd de Management) industry hasbeen fuelingIndi s groWth. In addition tocontributing towards the cou! ross Domestic Product (GDP) and exports, thé growth of the IT BPM industry has provided Indi: ith'a wide range of economic and social benefits which, includes creating employment, raising J income levels, and promoting exports. It has placed India on the world map with an image of a technologically advanced and knowledge-based economy. This sector attracts amongst the largest investments by venture Ncredited w of many in almost doubled in term capitalist and has be entrepreneurial ventu The IT-BPM industry has and contribution to India’s GDP over the lastde -ption revenue (2008-18). BPO Service Industry is doing « well in India because of the following, advantage (a) BPO service providers in India invest in hi-t hardware and software to deliver the best of services. They follow quality checks to ensure error free and exceptional service (b) Government of India is encouraging the BPO Industry in India by providing necessary infrastructure and logistical support. (c) BPO Industry in India is highly developed and capable of delivering numerous types of BPO services in exceptional quality. Structure of the J7-BPM industry The organisatiofis within the IT-BPM industry are categorised gion Ahé following parameters: e organisation is serving + Se Rees . Tye a ell as rai offering the organisation ‘provides & oeberanhie ee of operations . enw Size of operations Multinati Companies (MNCs): MNCs have th quarters outside India but operate in fé locations worldwide including those in “They cater to external clients (both domestic and/or global). © Indian Service Providers (ISPs): [SPs started with their operations in India. Most of these organisations have their headquarters in India while having offices in many international locations. While most have a client base, which is global as well as domestic, there are some that have focussed on serving only the Indian clients. (ce) Global In-house Centers (GIC): GIC organisations cater to the needs of their parent company only and do not serve external clients. Domestic Dara Extiey Orerator — ©) Ctass IXnisation the option to This model allows the org keep IT Operations in-house and at the same time take advantage of expanding their global footprint and offering opportunities for innovation in a cost-effective manner IT applications In technologically developed nations, Information Technology has become a part of everyday life. For a user, computer is a tool that provides the desired information, whenever needed. The use of computer and Information Technology can be observed at home, workplace, in the modern service industry and in all aspects of our life. It includes listening to music, watching movies, playing games, doing office work, chatting and sending messages, managing daily planner, reading books, paying utility bills, booking ticket to travel, bank operations, etc. Computers and ICT is used in industries, in offices, and in house also»The'various* application areas are business, banking,/insurance,. education, marketing, health care, engineering design, military, communication, animation, research, agricultur and government. é Fig. 1.1: IT applications IT in home computing A personal computer (PC) is used to work at home, to do household accounts, play games, surf the web, use Intropucrion To IT-ITeS InpustryFig. 1.5: IT in library Cyr I, create mus of other hobbies. PC is also Used to play games. It includes action games, role playing games, puzzles and many more. A PC with a CD-ROM ive, sound card, and speakers can play audio CD. A computer c used from home to study a wide range of online training courses. Computers and digital devices are now used for online shopping and e-commerce: in be IT in everyday life In our daily life, we usé washing machines, microwave oven and many other products using which have embedded software We. can store all the information @bout our important work, appoifitriients’schedules and list of’contacts:in“a, Gomputer. Computer is, therefore, playing a very important role in our lives and now we cannot imaginéthe world without computers. Nowadays many libraries are computerised. Each book has a barcode associated with it. This makes it easier for the library to a keep track of books and the availability of a specific book. Computer software is used to issue and return the book. Each book in the library has a magnetic strip attached to it that is deactivated before the book can be borrowed. IT at workplace In the office environment, computers and computer applications are used to perform office work more effectively. Domestic Dara Entey Operator ~ Class IX i antIa assemblysline industries, where attention to detail, speed and efliciency ave important, automation is becoming, more and more common, Internet and Office applications form the basis of modern business, Pa 14 Pat workplace tensively Computers and Information Technology are ¢ nent used in education for teaching-learning and ass The software and hardware technology d for creation and transmission of information in’ various forms including still pictures, audio, video and animation to the learners. The learning becomes easy and accessible through IT. A lot of teaching resources are available for teachers to teach in a better way. Online assessment : Fig. 1.6: IT in education helps to assess the students without any biasness. The students, teachers and educational administrators and every stakeholder i in,the education sector has benefitted with the | ntegration of IT-in education. wy (a) ICT in the classroom XN f® % hich the ICTSis used for There are many ways‘én education in the classroori/ such + e-learning classrooms; + smart-board presentatiag) + videos on experim + creation of images‘and video; + desktop publishihg/of magazines, letters and documents . educatiogial ey es; Using the CD-ROM media; and + learnj : gat ectiona information on the Internel (b) Education — anywhere anytime Any student in India can access the NCERT book online through the website www.epathshala.nic.in or mobile app. Intropuction To IT-ITeS InpustRYApart from this there are a variety of websites and mobile apps to access educational resources on any topic You can also contact a teacher or a trainer via Internet to use WBT (Web-based Training). In this way education has reached the far flung areas by reaching the unreached. (c) Teaching aids and media ICT is used mostly as a teaching aid in schools to use pictures, animations and audio-visuals to explain subjects that are difficult to explain. make the lessons interesting using presentations. organise lessons using the computer. obtain the information relevant to the subjects. (d) Learning Management System (LMS) ‘A Learning Management System (LMS) is being used by many countries to-manage school systems. A student or teacher can register himself/herself on the official website to access/LMS and can get many services from LMS. The student'can be benefited by using LMS, as it can be used to + learn/lessong’anytime and anywhere. Submit queries; getting replies and submit me \\ comments¢through forums. 7) + participate in the co-curricular activities via hy ee + monitor the progress of their children (by parents). IT in entertainment Information Technology has had a major impact on the entertainment industry. Internetisamajor source ofentertainment. One can download and view movies, play games, chat, use multimedia, incorporate visual and sound effects using computers, etc. Digital broadcasting has changed the way we experience television, with more interactive programming and participation. F917: in entertainment Donestic Data Ewrry Operator ~ Ciass IXIP in comm 1 Communication is used to convey and ideas, pictures, or . A person who receives this must understand clearly and correctly. Modern communication makes u of the computer tem, We use computers for email, chatting, FTP, telnet and video conferencing. a Pe Pa 18 Tin Commins Computers are used in business organisations for payroll calculation, budgeting, salesanalysis, financial forecasting, managing and maintaining stocks. A lot of business transactions happen through Internet called e-commerce. IT facilitates marketing, customer visit, product browsing, shopping basket checkout, tax and shopping, receipt and process order. E-commerce offers’ services, * pertaining to processing inventory ¢managément, transactions, documentation, preséntations, gathering product information. Smartycards, suchtya credit cards and debit cards are used ji shops, ‘These cards have a metallic strip on which.thé user’s{Pefsonal Identification Number (PIN), ahd %account/ er is stored and can be read when it is passed thfough’a special reader. Airlines use large-scale computet, applications for their reservations system, both in’the airports and in central reservations call-center: ér/businesses that have large-scale computing requirements are insurance claims systems and online.banking, which both have large numbers of users, and operators interacting across one system. ? ~ IT in science ang engineering Scientists and.erigineers use computers for performing complex scientific calculations, Computer Aided Design (CAD) 6r Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) applications are used for drawing, designing and for simulating and testing the designs. Computers are used for storing large amount of data, performing complex calculations and for visualisingNores 3-dimensional objects. Complex scientific applications like rocket launching, space exploration, etc., are not possible without the computers. in banking Computer is an essential part of the modern banking m. Every activity of a bank is now online. The nd transactions are recorded by ing deposits (e-RD), Fixed deposits (e-FD), money transfer from one account to another (NEFT, RTGS), online transactions are done using Internet. Capital market transactions, financial analysis and related services are available in online platforms. Bank customers use Automated Teller Machines (ATM) for cash deposits and: withdrawal. » 4 view curr ne or to view ent balance. Naren Bh tna peered utr . eC ead dre Cont ae sxecords up to date syster customer’s data a’ computers. Recurri IT in insurance ies keep Insurance comp with the help of/compul base. Procedures for continuation, of Virae starting date, date of next installment, ‘maturity dat, “interest dues, survival “udelared by using computers d}bonus anes Many online policies are also available whic! ant be ‘urchased by using the website of insurance cémpanies. ae In marketing, computers ar of produéts, by using arts an possible to create interesting ad ‘¢ products so that the goal of se “yéing e-commerce websites, peopl | even sitting at home. IT in health care in numerous ways- ICT is used in the health sector ous used to maintain and Hospital Management System is : n ar manage patients’ records as well as various activities pertaining to hospital administration. The computerised used for advertising d graphics facility it is vertisements of various ling can be achieved. le can purchase items Domestic Dara Entry OPERATOR — Ciass IXFig. 1.9 (a) MRI machine Fig. 1.9 b) Detailed images machines are used for ECG, EEG, Ultrasound and CT Scan. The variety of measuring instruments and surgical equipment are used to monitor patients’ conditions during complex surgery. Expert system is used for With the advancements in Software technology, various high-tech machines are Dard in the diagnosis artdtreatment of critical diseases, Using expert system, diseaes can berdi carly stages and the patiénts can accordingly. Some of these mathe are: (i) Computerised Axial Toiography Machine (CAT): Using thi {nathine three-dimensional (3D) images of differsh Parts of the body can be made. Thesesj d age8are helpful in the diagnosis of diseases, Ietropuction to trrmc +a i a \e ht ‘ Fig. 1.10 (b) ECG Graph (iii) Electrocardiogram {ECG) Machirie: The ECG machine is used to Monitor the heartbeat. When the heart: pumps blood to different, parts of the body, some electrical impulses are produced, ‘This machine records the electrical'impulses and shows it in the form of agraph- (iv) Cardiac Screening Machine: This Wirdiae Screening Machine machine displays the physiology of the and Display Heart and: it displays the movements ineide the heart. Through this machine it is possible to diagnose problems of the heart, such as thinning of veins and then _-fecommend treatment. (v) (CEBG (Blectro-encephalography] Machine: I) “This machine is used to record the activities \~? of the brain. The small electrical probes attached to the head receive the electrical impulses of the brain and display them on ‘a computer screen. This device can retrieve the data in both states where @ patient is awake or asleep- (vi) Blood Sugar Testing Machine: This device analyses a sample of blood and determines the blood glucose level. (vii) Blood Pressure Measuring Machine: This Gevice which is worn as a wrist band can cssasure the blood pressure of @ Person at Domestic Data ENTRY OPERATOR ~ Cuass IXyest or when he/she is involved in’ some physical activity vent and public service IT in The government uses large-scale computer appli in ite daily operations and is actively encour ace practices. Digital India and e-gover of Government of India are best examples of this. Government and Non-Governmental Organisations, (NGOs) as well as International Government Agen use ICT applications to communicate and provide various services to the people and is called as e-governance. There are various official web portals of the Government of India for e-governance. There are various advantages of c-governance. The Income tax department, sales tax department, preparations of voters list, preparation of PAN card makes use of the computer system. Many government services are available online. Electricity pills can now be paid online. The government uses electronic voting for elections, by replacing the traditiotfalwoting slip and ballot box. People can enroll the: iveSin’the electotal” "portal. roll through the State Election \Conimissio: i fern sodiety) and Computers are common-plag in e-governe initiativ tend to make previously labori anu: ‘Of data entry much simpler and-quicker: 2) on 8 Practical Exercis: 1. Explore the impact of IT and I day-to-day life. 2. Visit Indian govern sbsites, such as. the official web portal of Depart it of School Education, MHRD, Government of} India. Make a list of all the valuable information and, theervices you could obtain yourself. 5 Make a list of e-government services that are provided by PF ines coi an 4. Visit the various websites, and list the areas where ICTis used. 5. Identify the advantages of using ICT over conventional methods in various areas. : 6. Observe other instances where ICT is used in business | and manufacturing and compile a list. : in various areas in Inrropuction To IT-ITS Inpusteyeheck Your Progress joTES ) mi example of the use of IT in the following areas. A. Give an ‘Avoid already discussed examples. Teacher Practice Example Classroom content transaction ‘Assessment of students Library management Student record management B. Short answer questions (50 words) 1. What do you understand by the term IT and ITeS? 2. What are the pros and cons of using ICT? 3. What precautions are required to ensure that ICT use is safe? 4. .What are the four m: industry? 5. Give examples of use of IT in everyday life. How is ID'tsed in libraries? Ges" 7. what,éFe,the various processes of education where na Ae . ITis used? apm, & 8. Which software areVisedjin digital communication? 9° For whit purpose i8 {used in business? 910, Which are thexpro! ent areas where IT is used in a ss ence and engineering? & List theWariqusyuses of IT in a banking system. 9. Which ate-the different areas of healthcare where IT is used? And how? 13. Caz, 5 websites of the Indian government which ain sub-sectors in the IT-BPM ae ide IT enabled services to the people.