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Paraphrasing in Academic Writing

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17 views3 pages

Paraphrasing in Academic Writing

Uploaded by

27 Khải Quí
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PARAPHRASING IN ACADEMIC WRITING

1. STRATEGY 1 - Use synonyms


Rewrite a sentence or phrase using new words.
 More than half of the women who attended the one-day meeting were in business with
their spouses. (The majority of the women who went to the one-day meeting were in
business with their life partners.)
 Although the coach’s strategy was a little dangerous, the team was successful. (Even
though the coach’s plan was risky, the team was successful.)
 Two students were kicked out of school because of the no-fighting rule. (Two students
were expelled from school due to the no-fighting policy.)
2. STRATEGY 2 - Change nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs to negative forms
Find the verb, adjective, or noun in each sentence that carries the emphasis of meaning in
the sentence. Then rewrite the sentence using the negative (or sometimes positive) form of
a word with the opposite meaning.
 Take slow and deep breaths to relax. (Do not take fast and shallow breaths to relax.)
 South Korea is a small country compared to Canada. (South Korea is not a large country
compared to Canada.)
 Most researchers are proud of their work. (Most researchers are not ashamed of their
work.)
3. STRATEGY 3 - Switch Active/Passive Verb Tenses
Rewrite the sentence by changing the verb from Active to Passive or Passive to Active.
 A tornado destroyed the house. (The house was destroyed by a tornado.)
 The doctor treated hundreds of patients before he received his medical license. (Hundreds
of patients were treated by the doctor before he received his medical license.)
 We all knew the team would finish the project on time. (We all knew the project would be
finished by the team.)
 A student was being tutored by their professor when the fire alarm sounded. (The professor
was tutoring a student when the fire alarm sounded.)
4. STRATEGY 4 - Change Nouns to Verbs or Verbs to Nouns
 You have to give us your decision by tomorrow. (You have to decide by tomorrow.)
 Researchers conducted an investigation into the issue. (Researchers investigated the issue.)
 We did a review of the company’s annual reports. (We reviewed the company’s annual
reports.)
 This essay analyzes climate change and describes potential solutions. (This essay gives an
analysis of the problem of climate change and a description of potential solutions.)
5. STRATEGY 5 - Paraphrase with Conjunctions (combining phrases)
Combine two sentences into one sentence using Coordinating Conjunctions and
Subordinating Conjunctions.
Coordinating Conjunctions: FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)
Subordinating Conjunctions: after, although, because, before, since, unless, while
 Jennifer excelled at science. Her sister struggled with mathematics. (Jennifer excelled at
science, but her sister struggled with mathematics.)
 Some university classes are challenging. Other classes are boring. (Some university classes
are challenging while others are boring.)
 I really dislike that teacher. I still want to take her class. (I really dislike that teacher, but I
still want to take her class.)
My pet needs a bath. My pet has fleas. (My pet needs a bath because she has fleas.)
6. STRATEGY 6 - Paraphrase With Word Definitions
Paraphrase sentences by removing words and replacing them with their definitions.
 Sellers are taking advantage of the significant increase in the housing market. (People
selling their homes are exploiting the very serious growth in the housing market.)
7. STRATEGY 7 - Use dummy subject (It)
It is believed/argued/thought that …………………
It is true that ……………..….
 Some people think the government should ban dangerous sports. (It is
thought/believed/argued that the government should ban dangerous sports.)
 Many animal species are becoming extinct due to human activities both on land and in the
sea. (It is true that many animal species are becoming extinct due to human activities both
on land and in the sea.)
8. STRATEGY 8 - Use a combination of several techniques
Many animal species are becoming extinct due to human activities both on land and in the
sea. (It is true that a large number of animal species are on the verge of extinction because
of human activities both on land and in the ocean.)

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