10 Mathematics ( Standard) Total Marks : 80

Sample paper -2

* Choose the right answer from the given options. [1 Marks Each] [18]

1. If two positive integers m and n can be expressed as m = x y

2 5
and n = x y
3 2
,
where x and y are prime numbers, then HCF(m, n) =

(A) x 2
y
2
(B) x 2
y
3
(C) x 3
y
2
(D) x 3
y
3

Ans. : (a) x y
2 2

Explanation: 2
x y
5
= y
3 2
(x y )
2

3 3 2 2
x y = x (x y )

Therefore HCF (m, n) is x y

2 2

2. Find the number of zeroes of p(x) in the graph given below.

(A) 3 (B) 0 (C) 2 (D) 1

Ans. : (c) 2
Explanation: The number of zeroes is 2 as the graph intersects the x-axis at two
points.
3. The pair of linear equations 3x + 2y = 5 and 2x − 3y = 7 are

(A) consistent (B) dependent (C) inconsistent (D) independent

Ans. : (a) consistent
Explanation: Given: a 1
= 3, a2 = 2, b1 = 2, b2 = −3, c1 = 5 and c2 = 7

Here,
a1 3 b1 2
= , =
a2 2 b2 −3

a1 b1
∵ ≠
a2 b2

Therefore, the pair of given linear equations is consistent.

4. Which of the following equations has two distinct real roots?
(A) x 2
+x−5 = 0 (B) 5x 2
− 3x + 1 = 0 (C) 4x 2
− 3x + 1 = 0 (D) x 2
+x+5 = 0

Page 1
 Ans. : (a) x
2
+x−5 = 0

Explanation: In equation x
2
+x−5 = 0

a = 1, b = 1, c = −5

2 2
∴ b − 4ac = (1) − 4 × 1 × (−5) = 1 + 20 = 21

Since b
2
− 4ac > 0 therefore, x 2
+x−5 = 0 has two distinct roots.
5. If the second term of an AP is 13 and its fifth term is 25, then its 7th term is
(A) 37 (B) 33 (C) 38 (D) 30
Ans. : (b) 33
Explanation: Given: a2 = 13

⇒ a + (2 − 1)d = 13

⇒ a + d = 13 … (i)

And a5 = 25

⇒ a + (5 − 1)d = 25

⇒ a + 4d = 25 … (ii)

Solving eq. (i) and (ii), we get a = 9 and d = 4

∴ a7 = a + (7 − 1)d

= 9 + (7 − 1) × 4

= 9+6×4

= 9 + 24 = 33

6. A line segment is of length 10 units. If the coordinates of its one end are (2, - 3)
and the abscissa of the other end is 10, then its ordinate is
(A) −3, 9 (B) 9, −6 (C) 9,6 (D) 3, −9
Ans. : (d) 3, −9

Explanation: Let the ordinate of other end = y then distance between (2, −3) and
(10, y) = 10 units
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2
⇒ √(x2 − x1 ) + (y2 − y1 ) = 10

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
⇒ √(10 − 2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 10
−−− −−−−−−− −−
2 2
⇒ √(8) + (y + 3) = 10

Squaring both sides

2 2 2 2
(8) + (y + 3) = (10) ⇒ 64 + (y + 3) = 100

2 2
⇒ (y + 3) = 100 − 64 = 36 = (6)

2 2
⇒ (y + 3) − (6) = 0 ⇒ (y + 3 + 6)(y + 3 − 6)

2 2
= 0 {∵ a −b = (a + b)(a − b)}

⇒ (y + 9)(y − 3) = 0

Either y +9 = 0 , then y = −9 or y −3 = 0 , then y = 3

∴ y = 3, −9

Page 2
7. The vertices of a △ABC are A(2, 1), 8(6, −2), C(8, 9) . If AD is angle bisector of
∠BAC , where D meets on BC , then coordinates of D are __________.

(A) (5, 2) (B) ( 14

3
,
7

3
) (C) (4, 3) (D) ( 20

3
,
5

3
)

Ans. : (d) ( , ) 20

3
5

Explanation: AD is the angle bisector of ∠BAC .

So, by the angle bisector theorem in △ABC , we have AB

AC
=
BD

DC
… (i)
Now, AB = 5 and AC = 10
1 BD
∴ = [using (i)]
2 DC

Thus, D divides BC in the ratio 1 : 2 .

2×6+1×8 −2×2+9×1 20 5
∴ D = ( , ) = ( , )
2+1 2+1 3 3

8. In the given figure if △AED ∼ △ABC , then DE is equal to

(A) 6.5 cm (B) 5.6 cm (C) 5.5 cm (D) 7.5 cm

Ans. : (b) 5.6 cm

Explanation: ΔAED ∼ ΔABC (SAS Similarly) ⇒
12

30
=
ED

14
⇒ ED = 5.6cm

9. In the given figure, point P is 26 cm away from the centre O of a circle and the
length PT of the tangent drawn from P to the circle is 24 cm. Then, the radius of
the circle is

(A) 13 cm (B) 10 cm (C) 15 cm (D) 12 cm

Page 3
 Ans. : (b) 10 cm
Explanation: In the given figure, point P is 26 cm away from the centre O of the
circle.

Length of tangent P T = 24cm

Let radius = r
In right △OP T ,

2 2 2
OP = PT + OT

2 2 2
⇒ 26 = 24 +r

2 2 2 2
⇒ r = 26 − 24 = 676 − 576 = 100 = (10)

r = 10

Radius = 10cm

10. The length of the tangent drawn from a point P, whose distance from the centre
of a circle is 25 cm, and the radius of the circle is 7 cm, is:
(A) 28 cm (B) 24 cm (C) 25 cm (D) 22 cm

Ans. : (b) 24 cm
Explanation: 24 cm
11. (cosec θ − sin θ)(sec θ − cos θ)(tan θ + cot θ) is equal
(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 2 (D) −1

Ans. : (a) 1
Explanation: We have, (cosec θ − sin θ)(sec θ − cos θ)(tan θ + cot θ)

1 1 sin θ cos θ
= ( − sin θ) ( − cos θ) ( + )
sin θ cos θ cos θ sin θ

2 2 2 2
1− sin θ 1− cos θ sin θ+ cos θ
= × ×
sin θ cos θ sin θ cos θ

2 2
cos θ sin θ 1
= × ×
sin θ cos θ sin θ cos θ
2 2
sin θ cos θ
= 2
= 1
2
sin θ cos θ

12. The value of sin 45

∘
+ cos 45
∘
is
–
(A) √2 (B) 1
(C) 1 (D) 1

√2 √3

Ans. : (a) √2
–

Explanation: Given: sin 45

∘
+ cos 45
∘

Page 4
 1 1
= +
√2 √2

2 –
= = √2
√2

13. The angle of elevation of the sun when the shadow of a pole ' h ' metres high is
h

√3
metres long is
(A) 45 ∘
(B) 30 ∘
(C) 60 ∘
(D) 15 ∘

Ans. : (c) 60
∘

Given: Height of the pole = AB = h meters And the length of the shadow of the
pole meters
h h – ∘ ∘
= BC = ∴ tan θ = h
⇒ tan θ = √3 ⇒ tan θ = tan 60 ⇒ θ = 60
√3
√3

14. In a circle of radius 21 cm , an arc subtends an angle of ∘

60 at the centre. The
area of the sector formed by the arc is:
(A) 231cm 2
(B) 250cm 2
(C) 220cm 2
(D) 200cm 2

Ans. : (a) 231cm 2

Explanation: The angle subtended by the arc = 60

∘

So, area of the sector

∘
60 2 2
= ( ∘ ) × πr cm
360

441 22 2
= ( )×( ) cm
6 7

2
= 231cm

15. Area of a sector of angle p (in degrees) of a circle with radius R is

(A) (B) (C) (D)
p p p p
2 2
× 2πR × πR × 2πR × 2πR
360 180 180 720

Ans. : (d) × 2πR

720
p
2

Explanation: Area of the sector of angle p of a circle with radius R

θ p
2 2
= × πr = × πR
360 360

p p
2 2
= × 2πR = × 2πR
2(360) 720

16. A dice is thrown once. The probability of getting an odd number is

(A) 1

2
(B) 1 (C) 2

6
(D) 4

Ans. : (a) 1

Explanation: 1

Page 5
 17. Two dice are rolled together. What is the probability of getting a sum greater
than 10?
(A) 18
5
(B) 1

9
(C) 1

6
(D) 1

12

Ans. : (d) 1

12

Explanation: Total number of outcomes = 36

Favorable outcomes for sum greater than 10 are {(5, 6), (6, 5), (6, 6)} Number of
favorable outcomes = 3
3 1
P = =
36 12

18. If the mode of the data: 64, 60, 48, x, 43, 48, 43, 34 is 43, then x + 3 =
(A) 45 (B) 48 (C) 44 (D) 46
Ans. : (d) 46
Explanation: Mode of 64, 60, 48, x, 43, 48, 43, 34 is 43
∵ By definition mode is a number which has maximum frequency which is 43

∴ x = 43

∵ x + 3 = 43 + 3 = 46

* A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). [2]

Choose the correct option.

19. Assertion (A): A sphere of radius 7 cm is m ounted on the solid cone of radius 6
cm and height 8 cm . the volume of the combined solid is 1737.47cm
3
. [Take
π = 3.14 ]

Reason (R): Volume of sphere and surface area of cone is given by 4

3
πr
3
and
1

3
2
πr h respectively.
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false but R is true
Ans. : (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:A is true but R is false
20. Assertion (A): Let the positive numbers a, b, c be in A.P., then 1
,
1
,
1
are also in
bc ac ab

A.P.

Page 6
 Reason (R): If each term of an A.P. is divided by a b c, then the resulting
sequence is also in A.P.
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false but R is true.
Ans. : (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

* Given section consists of questions of 2 marks each. [10]

21. The difference of the square of two numbers is 45. The square of the smaller
number is 4 times the larger number. Find the number.
Ans. : Let the larger number be x and the smaller number be y . Them,
2 2
x = x − y2 = 45 … … (i)

2
and y = 4x … … (ii )

2
substituting y = 5x in (i), we have

2
x − 4x = 45

2
⇒ x − 4x = 45 = 0

2
⇒ x − 9x + 5x − 45 = 0

⇒ x(x − 9) + 5(x − 9) = 0

⇒ (x − 0)(x + 5) = 0

⇒ either x − 9 = 0 or x + 5 = 0

⇒ x = 9 or x = −5
−− −
− −−
∴ smaller number is √36 or √−20 [ From (ii) ]
−
− −−
⇒ smaller number is = ±6[∵ √−20 is not real ]

∴ Larger number = 9 and smaller number = ±6

22. In Figure, △ODC ∼ △OBA, ∠BOC = 125

∘
and ∘
∠CDO = 70 . Find ∠DOC, ∠DCO and
∠OAB .

Ans. : From the given figure,

∘ ∘
∠DOC + 125 = 180 [linear pair]

∘
∠DOC = 55

Now, in △ DOC,

Page 7
 ∘
∠DCO + ∠ODC + ∠DOC = 180 [angle sum property of a triangle]

∘ ∘ ∘
∠DCO + 70 + 55 = 180
∘
∠DCO = 55

Now, △ODC ≅△OBA [given]

∘
∴ ∠OAB = ∠OCD = 55

23. In figure, △ABC is circumscribing a circle. Find the length of BC .

Ans. : Given,

AR = 4cm

Also, AR = AQ ⇒ AQ = 4cm

Now, QC = AC − AQ

= 11cm − 4cm = 7cm … (i)

Also, BP = BR

∴ BP = 3cm and P C = QC

∴ P C = 7cm[ From (i) ]

BC = BP + P C

= 3cm + 7cm

= 10cm

24. If sin X + sin

2
X = 1 , prove that cos
2
X + cos
4
X = 1 .

Ans. : Given sin X + sin

2
X = 1 ............. (i)
2 2
⇒ sin X = 1 − sin X = cos X. . . . . . . . . (ii)

Page 8
 Now we show that cos
2
X + cos
4
X = 1

2 4
L.H.S = cos X + cos X

2
2 2
= 1 − sin X + (1 − sin X) [Using (ii)]

2
= sin X + sin X[ Using (ii)]

= 1[ Using (i)]

= R.H.S

OR
* Verify that if tan
2
θ + sin θ = cos
2
θ is an identity or not.

Ans. : tan θ + sin θ = cos θ

2 2

Taking θ = 45 , we have ∘

√2+1
2 ∘ ∘ 2 1 1
L.H.S. = tan 45 + sin 45 = (1) + = 1+ =
√2 √2 √2

2
2 1 1
R.H.S. = cos 45 = ( ) =
√2 2

⇒ LH.S. ≠ R.H.S.

Hence given expression is not an identity.

25. Four cows are tethered at the four corners of a square field of side 50 m such
that each can graze the maximum unshared area. What area will be left
ungrazed? [Take π = 3.14 ].
Ans. :

Shaded area = area of square -4 (area of sector)

2
4×π×(25 ) ×90
2
= [(50 × 50) − ]m
360

2
= [2500 − 3.14 × 25 × 25]m

2
= [2500 − 1962.5]m

2
= 537.5m

OR
* A sector of a circle of radius 4 cm contains an angle of ∘
30 . Find the area of the
sector.

Page 9
 Ans. :

Radius of cirlce = 4cm

∘
θ = 30

θ 2
∴ Area of sector = ∘ × πr
360
∘
30
= ∘ ×π×4×4
360

4π 2
= cm
3

* Given section consists of questions of 3 marks each. [18]

26. A shopkeeper has 120 litres of petrol, 180 litres of diesel and 240 litres of
kerosene. He wants to sell oil by filling the three kinds of oils in tins of equal
capacity. What should be the greatest capacity of such a tin?
Ans. : The required greatest capacity is the HCF of 120, 180 and 240.
240 = 180 × 1 + 60

180 = 60 × 3 + 0

HCF is 60.
Now HCF of 60,120
120 = 60 × 2 + 0

∴ HCF of 120,180 and 240 is 60.

∴ The required capacity is 60 litres.
27. Find a quadratic polynomial whose sum and product of the zeroes are −
21
and
8

16
5
respectively. Also find the zeroes of the polynomial by factorisation.

Ans. : We know, quadratic polynomial = x −

2
(Sum of zeroes) x+ Product of zeroes
Given, Sum of zeroes = −
21

8
and Product of zeroes =
5

16

∴ Quadratic Polynomial = x
2
+
21

8
x+
5

16

1 2
= (16x + 42x + 5)
16

⇒ Quadratic polynomial is 16x

2
+ 42x + 5

Now, we rewrite the polynomial as 16x

2
+ 2x + 40x + 5

= 2x ⋅ (8x + 1) + 5 ⋅ (8x + 1)

= (2x + 5) ⋅ (8x + 1)

Now, for Zeros, (8x + 1) ⋅ (2x + 5) = 0

−1 −5
⇒ x = ,
8 2

28. A fraction is such that if the numerator is multiplied by 3 and the denominator is
reduced by 3, we get 18/11, but if the numerator is increased by 8 and the
denominator is doubled, we get 2/5. Find the fraction.
Ans. : Let us suppose that the numerator be x and denominator be y Therefore,
the fraction is . x

Then, according to the given conditions, we have

Page 10
 3x 18 x+8 2
= and =
y−3 11 2y 5

⇔ 11x = 6y − 18 and 5x + 40 = 4y

⇔ 11x − 6y + 18 = 0 and 5x − 4y + 40 = 0

By cross multiplication, we have

x −y 1
= =
(−6)×40−(−4)×18 11×40−5×18 11×(−4)−5×(−6)

−y
x 1
⇒ = =
−240+72 440−90 −44+30

x y 1
⇒ = =
−168 −350 −14

−168 −350
⇒ x = and y =
−14 −14

⇒ x = 12 and y = 25

Therefore, the fraction is 12

25
.
OR
* A man has only 20 paisa coins and 25 paisa coins in his purse. If he has 50 coins
in all totalling to ₹ 11.25, how many coins of each kind d38196oes he have?
Ans. : Let the number of 20 paisa coins be x and that of 25 paisa coins be y. Then,
x + y = 50 … . (i)

Total value of 20 paisa coins = 20x paisa

Total value of 25 paisa coins = 25 y paisa
∴ 20x + 25y = 1125 … (because Rs 11.25 = 1125 paisa )

⇒ 4x + 5y = 225 … (ii)

Thus, we get the following system of linear equations

x + y − 50 = 0

4x + 5y − 225 = 0

By using cross-multiplication, we have

x −y 1
= =
−225+250 −225+200 5−4

y
x 1
⇒ = = ⇒ x = 25 and y = 25
25 25 1

Hence, there are 25 coins of each kind.

29. Out of the two concentric circles, the radius of the outer circle is 5 cm and the
chord AC of length 8 cm is a tangent to the inner circle. Find the radius of the
inner circle.

Page 11
 Ans. :

Since AC is a tangent to the inner circle.

∘
∠OBC = 90

AC is a chord of the outer circle.

We know that, the perpendicular drawn from the centre to a chord of a circle,
bisects the chord.

AC = 2BC

8 = 2BC

⇒ BC = 4cm

In Δ OBC,

By Pythagoras theorem,

2 2 2
OC = OB + BC

2 2 2
⇒ 5 = r +4

2 2 2
⇒ r = 5 −4

2
⇒ r = 25 − 16

2
⇒ r = 9cm

⇒ r = 3cm

OR
* In the given figure, a quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to circumscribe a circle such
that its sides AB, BC, CD and AD touch the circle at P, Q, R and S respectively. If AB
= x cm, BC = 7 cm, CR = 3 cm and AS = 5 cm, find x.
 Ans. : In the given figure, a quadrilateral ABCD is circumscribed a circle touching its
sides at P, Q, R and S respectively.
AB = x cm, BC = 7 cm, CR = 3 cm and AS = 5 cm

A circle touches the sides of a quadrilateral ABCD .

AB + CD = BC + AD … (i)

Now, AP and AS are tangents to the circle

AP = AS = 5cm … (ii)

Similarly, CQ = CR = 3cm

BP = BQ = x − 5 = 4

BQ = BC − CQ = 7 − 3 = 4cm

x−5 = 4

⇒ x = 4 + 5 = 9cm

30. Prove that sec θ(1 − sin θ)(sec θ + tan θ) = 1

Ans. :

LHS = sec θ(1 − sin θ)(sec θ + tan θ)

sin θ
= [sec θ − ] × (sec θ + tan θ)
cos θ

= (sec θ − tan θ)(sec θ + tan θ)

2 2
= sec θ − tan θ = 1 = RHS

31. Five coins were simultaneously tossed 1000 times and at each toss the number
of heads were observed. The number of tosses during which 0,1,2,3,4 and 5
heads were obtained are shown in the table below. Find the mean number of
heads per toss.
No. of heads per toss No. of tosses
0 38
1 144
2 342
3 287
4 164
 5 25
Total 1000
Ans. :
No of heads per toss No of tosses f ixi
0 38 0
1 144 144
2 342 684
3 287 861
4 164 656
5 25 125
∑ fi = 1000 ∑ fi xi = 2470

Mean number of heads per toss

∑ f xi
i 2470
= = = 2.47
∑ fi 1000

Therefore, Mean = 2.47

* Given section consists of questions of 5 marks each. [20]

32. A 2-digit number is such that the product of its digits is 24. If 18 is subtracted
from the number, the digits interchange their places. Find the number.
Ans. : Let the ten's digit be x and the one's digit be y.
The number will be 10x + y
Given, a product of digits is 24
∴ xy = 24

or, y = 24

Given that when 18 is subtracted from the number, the digits interchange their
places.
∴ 10x + y − 18 = 10y + x

or, 9x − 9y = 18
Substituting y from equation (i) in equation (ii), we get
24
9x − 9 ( ) = 18
x

or, x − 24

x
= 2

or, x2
− 24 − 2x = 0

or, x2
− 2x − 24 = 0

or, x2
− 6x + 4x − 24 = 0

or, x(x − 6) + 4(x − 6) = 0

or, (x − 6)(x + 4) = 0
or, x − 6 = 0 and x + 4 = 0
or, x = 6 and x = −4
Since, the digit cannot be negative, so, x = 6
Substituting x = 6 in equation (i), we get
 24
y = = 4
6

∴ The number = 10(6) + 4 = 60 + 4 = 64

OR
* The product of Tanay's age (in years) five years ago and his age ten years later
is 16. Determine Tanay's present age.
Ans. : Let the present age of Tanay be x years
By the question,
(x − 5)(x + 10) = 16

or, x 2
+ 5x − 50 = 16

or, x 2
+ 5x − 66 = 0

or, x 2
+ 11x − 6x − 66 = −66

x(x + 1) − 16(x − 111) = 0

(x + 11)(x − 6) = 0

= −11, 6

Rejecting x = −11 , as age cannot be negative.

∴ Present age of Tanay is 6 years.

33. If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two
sides in distinct points, then prove that the other two sides are divided in the
same ratio.
Ans. : Given: ABC is a triangle in which DE∥BC .
To prove: AD

BD
=
AE

CE

Construction: Draw DN ⊥ AE and EM ⊥ AD ., Join BE and CD.

Proof :

In △ADE ,
Area of ΔADE = 1

2
× AE × DN ...(i)
In ΔDEC,
Area of ΔDCE = × CE × DN ...(ii)
1

Dividing equation (i) by equation (ii),

1
×AE×DN
area (Δ ADE) 2
⇒ = 1
area (Δ DEC) ×CE×DN
2

area (Δ ADE)
AE
⇒ = …( iii)
area (Δ DEC) CE
 Similarly, In Δ ADE ,
Area of Δ ADE = 1

2
× AD × EM … (iv)
In Δ DEB,
Area of Δ DEB = × EM × BD 1

Dividing equation (iv) by equation (v),

1
area(Δ ADE) ×AD×EM
2
⇒ = 1
area (Δ DEB) ×BD×EM
2

area (Δ ADE) AD
⇒ = … (vi)
area (Δ DEB) BD

ΔDEB and ΔDEC lie on the same base DE and between two parallel lines DE and
BC .
∴ Area (Δ DEB) = Area (Δ DEC)

From equation (iii),

area (Δ ADE)
⇒
area (Δ DEB)
=
AE

CE
...(i)
From equation (vi) and equation (vii),
AE AD
=
CE BD

∴ If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two sides
in two points, then the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.
34. A conical vessel of radius 6 cm and height 8 cm is completely filled with water. A
sphere is lowered into the water and its size is such that when it touches the
sides, it is just immersed as shown in Figure. What fraction of water over flows?

Ans. : Radius (R) of conical vessel = 6 cm

Height (H) of conical vessel = 8 cm
 Volume of conical vessel (Vc ) =
1

3
2
πr h

1
= ×π×6×6×8
3

3
= 96πcm

Let the radius of the sphere be rcm

In right Δ PO'R by pythagoras theorem We have
2 2 2
l = 6 +8
−−−−−−
l = √36 + 64 = 10cm

In right triangle MRO

OM
sin θ =
OR

3 r
⇒ =
5 8−r

⇒ 24 − 3r = 5r

⇒ 8r = 24

⇒ r = 3cm

∴ V1 = Volume of the sphere =

4

3
3
π × 3 cm
3
= 36πcm
3

V2 = Volume of the water = Volume of the cone = π × 6 × 8cm = 96πcm 1

3
2 3 3

Clearly, volume of the water that flows out of the cone is same as the volume of
the sphere i.e., V . 1

∴ Fraction of the water that flows out = V : V = 36π : 96π = 3 : 8

1 2

OR
* A wooden article was made by scooping out a hemisphere from each end of a
solid cylinder as shown in the figure. If the height of the cylinder is 10 cm and its
base is of radius 3.5 cm, find the total surface area of the article.

Ans. :
 2
TSA of the article = 2πrh + 2 (2πr )

2
= 2π(3.5)(10) + 2 [2π(3.5) ]

= 70π + 49π

= 119π

22
= 119 ×
7

2
= 374cm

35. Find the mean of the following frequency distribution:

Class 5 - 15 15 - 25 25 - 35 35 - 45 45 - 55 55 - 65
Frequen
6 11 21 23 14 5
cy
Ans. :
CI fi xi di ui f iui
5 - 15 6 10 -20 -2 -12
15 - 25 11 20 -10 -1 -11
25 - 35 21 30 0 0 0
35 - 45 23 40 10 1 23
45 - 55 14 50 20 2 28
55 - 65 5 60 30 3 15
Total 80 43
Σf ui
i
Mean = A+ ×h
Σfi

43
= 30 + × 10
80

= 35.375

* Case study based questions [12]

36. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

Akshat's father is planning some construction work in his terrace area. He
ordered 360 bricks and instructed the supplier to keep the bricks in such as way
that the bottom row has 30 bricks and next is one less than that and so on.

The supplier stacked these 360 bricks in the following manner, 30 bricks in the
bottom row, 29 bricks in the next row, 28 bricks in the row next to it, and so on.
(a) In how many rows, 360 bricks are placed?
(b) How many bricks are there in the top row?
OR
If which row 26 bricks are there?
(c) How many bricks are there in 10
th
row?
Ans. : Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Akshat's father is planning some construction work in his terrace area. He ordered
360 bricks and instructed the supplier to keep the bricks in such as way that the
bottom row has 30 bricks and next is one less than that and so on.

The supplier stacked these 360 bricks in the following manner, 30 bricks in the
bottom row, 29 bricks in the next row, 28 bricks in the row next to it, and so on.
(i) Number of bricks in the bottom row = 30. in the next row = 29, and so on.

Therefore, Number of bricks stacked in each row form a sequence 30, 29, 28, 27, … ,
which is an AP with first term, a = 30 and common difference, d = 29 − 30 = −1
Suppose number of rows is n , then sum of number of bricks in n rows should be
360 .

i.e. Sn = 360

n n
⇒ [2 × 30 + (n − 1)(−1)] = 360 {Sn = (2a + (n − 1)d)}
2 2

⇒ 720 = n(60 − n + 1)

2
⇒ 720 = 60n − n +n

2
⇒ n − 61n + 720 = 0

2
⇒ n − 16n − 45n + 720 = 0 [by factorization]

⇒ n(n − 16) − 45(n − 16) = 0

⇒ (n − 16)(n − 45) = 0

⇒ (n − 16) = 0 or (n − 45) = 0

⇒ n = 16 or n = 45

Hence, number of rows is either 45 or 16 .

n = 45 not possible so n = 16

a45 = 30 + (45 − 1)(−1) {an = a + (n − 1)d}

 = 30 − 44 = −14[∵ The number of logs cannot be negative ]
Hence the number of rows is 16.
(ii) Number of bricks in the bottom row = 30. in the next row = 29 , and so on.
Therefore, Number of bricks stacked in each row form a sequence 30, 29, 28, 27, … ,
which is an AP with first term, a = 30 and common difference, d = 29 − 30 = −1
Suppose number of rows is n , then sum of number of bricks in n rows should be
360 .
Number of bricks on top row are n = 16 ,

a16 = 30 + (16 − 1)(−1) {an = a + (n − 1)d}

= 30 − 15 = 15

Hence, and number of bricks in the top row is 15 .

OR

Number of bricks in the bottom row = 30 . in the next row = 29 , and so on.
Therefore, Number of bricks stacked in each row form a sequence 30, 29, 28, 27, … ,
which is an AP with first term, a = 30 and common difference, d = 29 − 30 = −1 .
Suppose number of rows is n , then sum of number of bricks in n rows should be
360 .

an = 26, a = 30, d = −1

an = a + (n − 1)d

⇒ 26 = 30 + (n − 1) × −1

⇒ 26 − 30 = −n + 1

⇒ n = 5

Hence 26 bricks are in 5th row.

(iii)Number of bricks in the bottom row = 30 . in the next row = 29 , and so on.
therefore, Number of bricks stacked in each row form a sequence 30, 29, 28, 27, … ,
which is an AP with first term, a = 30 and common difference, d = 29 − 30 = −1 .
Suppose number of rows is n , then sum of number of bricks in n rows should be
360
Number of bricks in 10 th row a = 30, d = −1, n = 10

an = a + (n − 1)d

⇒ a10 = 30 + 9 × −1

⇒ a10 = 30 − 9 = 21

Therefore, number of bricks in 10 th row are 21.

37. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Jagdish has a field which is in the shape of a right angled triangle AQC. He wants
to leave a space in the form of a square PQRS inside the field for growing wheat
and the remaining for growing vegetables (as shown in the figure). In the field,
there is a pole marked as O.

(a) Taking O as origin, coordinates of P are (-200,0) and of Q are (200,0). PQRS
being a square, what are the coordinates of R and S ?
(b) What is the area of square PQRS?
OR
If S divides CA in the ratio K : 1, what is the value of K, where point A is (200,
800)?
(c) What is the length of diagonal PR in square PQRS?

Ans. : Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

Jagdish has a field which is in the shape of a right angled triangle AQC. He wants to
leave a space in the form of a square PQRS
inside the field for growing wheat and the remaining for growing vegetables (as
shown in the figure). In the field, there is a pole
marked as O.
 (i) Since, P QRS is a square

∴ P Q = QR = RS = P S

Length of P Q = 200 − (−200) = 400

∴ The coordinates of R = (200, 400)

and coordinates of S = (−200, 400)

(ii) Area of square PQRS 2

= ( side )

2
= (P Q)

2
= (400)

= 1, 60, 000 sq. units

OR

Since, point S divides CA in the ratio K : 1

K x2 + x1 K y2 + y1
∴ ( , ) = (−200, 400)
K +1 K +1

K (200)+(−600) K (800)+0
⇒ ( , ) = (−200, 400)
K +1 K +1

200K −600 800K

⇒ ( , ) = (−200, 400)
K +1 K +1

800K
∴ = 400
K +1

⇒ 800K = 400K + 400

⇒ 400K = 400

⇒ K = 1

(iii)By Pythagoras theorem

2 2 2
(P R) = (P Q ) + (QR)

= 1, 60, 000 + 1, 60, 000

= 3, 20, 000
−−−−−−−
⇒ P R = √3, 20, 000
–
= 400 × √2 units

38. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

Totem poles are made from large trees. These poles are carved with symbols or
figures and mostly found in western Canada and northwestern United States.
In the given picture, two such poles of equal heights are standing 28 m apart.
From a point somewhere between them in the same line, the angles of elevation
of the top of the two poles are 60
∘
and ∘
30 respectively.
(a) Draw a neat labelled diagram.
(b) Find the height of the poles.
OR
Find the location of the point of observation.
(c) If the distances of the top of the poles from the point of observation are
taken as p and q, then find a relation between p and q .
Ans. : Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Totem poles are made from large trees. These poles are carved with symbols or
figures and mostly found in western Canada and northwestern United States.
In the given picture, two such poles of equal heights are standing 28 m apart.
From a point somewhere between them in the same line, the angles of elevation of
the top of the two poles are 60
∘
and ∘
30 respectively.

(i) Let AB and CD be the 2 poles and M be a point somewhere between their bases
in the same line.
 ∘ h –
(ii) tan 60 = ⇒ h = x√3
x

(28−x)
∘ h
tan 30 = ⇒ h =
28−x √3

–
∴ h = 7√3m

7 √3
∘
tan 60 = ⇒ x = 7m = AM
x

M C = 28 − x = 21m

(iii)BM = p and DM = q

∘ h p √3
sin 60 = ⇒ h =
p 2

∘ h q
sin 30 = ⇒ h =
q 2

p √3 q –
∴ = ⇒ q = √3p
2 2

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