5.1. Identify the important functions of projection lines.

5.2. Correctly place the orthographic view into the required axis.
5.3. Draw the different types of perspective while observing its proportion.
PERSPECTIVE DRAWING

Although the earth is round, the horizon line appears to us as a clear separation
between the ground and the sky. Usually it is covered by trees, hills, or buildings
and we don’t consciously notice it. Only looking at the ocean clearly shows us
the horizon line. The horizon line plays an important role in drawings. It
demarcates the ground, which represents the foundation for us. If we want to
convey three-dimensionality, we always need to use this foundation as a
reference.
The horizon line is always at the eye level of the viewer. However, viewers can
have different heights, which means the height of the horizon line will shift. That
is why a distinction is made among three different perspectives: The bird’s-eye
view, the normal perspective (based on ourselves), and worm’s-eye view.

This module provides an avenue to answer the following questions:

• Why is it important to study perspective drawing?
• What are the different types of perspective drawing?

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PERSPECTIVE DRAWING

Perspective Drawing is a technique used to represent three-

dimensional images on a two-dimensional picture plane. Perspective
was developed in the 15th century by the architects, Leon Baptista
“Pictorial
Alberti (1404-72) and Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446). For 500 years,
perspective drawing remained one of the basic principles of Western Drawing”
art until it was challenged by the ideas of the Cubists at the start of the It is a view of an
20th century. Whether you are working with conventional materials object (actual or
such as pencils and paints or contemporary digital media, a knowledge
imagined) as it
and understanding of perspective drawing remains an essential tool to
help you enhance your drawing technique. would be seen by an
observer who looks
Perspective drawings provide the most realistic, and usually the most at the object either
pleasing, likeness when compared with other types of pictorial views. in a chose direction
It is a technique to create the linear illusion of depth. Perspective or from a selected
drawing gives objects on a 2D surface a sense of three-dimensionality. point of view.
There are two types of perspective: linear perspective and atmospheric
perspective. When we talk about one, two, or even three-point
perspective, we’re talking about linear perspective. It is a method of
representing space in which the scale of an object diminishes as the
distance from the viewer increases. As objects get further away from
the viewer they appear to decrease in size at a constant rate. Essentially,
objects that are farther away from us appear smaller than those that are
near. The position at which they meet at a horizon line is called the
vanishing point.

Basic Elements of Perspective Drawing

1. Horizon Line – It is the axis around which a perspective
drawing is constructed. The horizon line is always at the eye
level of the viewer.
2. Vanishing Point – It is the point in fictive space which is supposed to appear the furthest from
the viewer - the position at which all receding parallel lines meet.
3. Orthogonal Lines – Also called perspective lines, are lines that meet at the vanishing point.
Perspective lines are parallel in real life but converge in a one point perspective drawing.

Orthogonal Lines

Example of Perspective Drawing.

Elements of Perspective Drawing. Source: http://morrisbeginningart.weebly.com/one-point-perspective.html

35
Types of Linear Perspective Drawing

1. Parallel or One-Point Perspective – All

vanishing lines lead to a central point. The
horizontal lines, however, remain parallel
to each other. It has only vanishing point
which is usually located on the horizon.

2. Corner Perspective or Two-Point

Perspective – In the two-point perspective,
also known as the corner perspective, there
are two vanishing points along the horizon
line. This is usually used when the viewer
looks at the corner of an object. This corner
divides the picture. Each side follows its
own vanishing point.

3. Three-Point or Multi-Point Perspective

– Three-point perspective uses three
vanishing points where two of them are on
the horizon line and the third is either high
above the horizon line or way below it.
This gives the viewer the feeling of height
and depth.

Three Types of Perspectives

1. Worm’s Eye View – A worm's-eye view is

a view of an object from below, as though
the observer were a worm. A worm's eye
view commonly uses three-point
perspective, with one vanishing point on
top, one on the left, and one on the right.
2. Bird’s Eye View – A bird’s-eye view is an
elevated view of an object from above, with
a perspective as though the observer were a
bird. It can be used to look up to something
to make an object look tall, strong, and
mighty while the viewer feels child-like or
powerless.
3. Man’s Eye View/Normal Perspective – A
view of the landscape as seen by a person,
especially from a specified position.

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Principles of perspective drawing

1. The farther an object from our eyes, the smaller it appears.

2. The farther the color, the lighter it appears.
3. Theoretically, vertical lines or edges do not vanish in the horizon.
4. If extended or prolonged, all the horizontal receding lines or Abbreviations in
edges of an object seem to vanish the horizon. Perspective
5. Equidistant objects on the ground such as lamp posts seem to Drawing
come closer to each other as they recede from our view.
6. All horizontal lines or edges below the eye level and receding VP – Vanishing
seem to go up and vanish in the horizon. Point
7. All horizontal lines or edges above eye level and receding seem
VPL – Vanishing
to go down and vanish in the horizon.
Point to the Left
8. All horizontal lines or edges which are not receding remain
horizontal in the picture. VPR – Vanishing
9. Never show hidden lines in perspective. They spoil the view. Point to the Right

How to Draw in One Point Perspective Step-by-Step

1. Begin one-point perspective by drawing a horizon line.

2. Place a vanishing point on the horizon line.

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3. Next, draw a box to represent the building that you want to draw in perspective.

4. Draw lines from all four corners back to the vanishing point.

5. Draw a smaller box that touches each of the lines that you drew in the previous step.

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 6. Erase the lines that you no longer need to reveal a 3D form.

7. You can also add a form on the other side of the vanishing point.

Example of One-Point Perspective Drawing with Interiors

Source: https://thevirtualinstructor.com/onepointperspective.html

39
IDENTIFICATION.
A. Directions: Identify what is described in each statement. Write your answer on the space provided
before each number.

__________1. It is a view of an object (actual or imagined) as it would be seen by an observer who

looks at the object either in a chose direction or from a selected point of view.
__________2. It is a method of representing space in which the scale of an object diminishes as the
distance from the viewer increases.
__________3. It is the position at which lines meet in perspective drawing.
__________4. These are the lines that meet at the vanishing point.
__________5. This perspective makes an object look tall, strong, and mighty.
__________6. In this type of linear perspective, all vanishing lines lead to a central point.
__________7. This perspective gives a view of an object from below.
__________8. This type of linear perspective is usually used when the viewer looks at the corner of
an object.
__________9. It is the view of the landscape as seen by a person, especially from a specified
position.
__________10. It is the axis around which a perspective drawing is constructed.

PERFORMANCE TASK 5: PLATE NO. 4

Directions: Draw your living room using one-point perspective. You may use any medium to add color
in your drawing. Use the template below as your guide in constructing the borderlines and title block.
10 mm

10mm
10mm

70 mm 70 mm 70 mm

3 mm
10mm BATSTATE-U NAME OF STUDENT ONE-POINT PERSPECTIVE MRS. TIMMY ANNE GARCIA 4 mm
3 mm

10mm IS DEPARTMENT GRADE-SECTION PLATE NO. 4 TEACHER II

You will be graded based on the rubric below: 10 mm

40
You will be graded based on the rubric below:

20 The output is accurately done.

ACCURACY 15 Two to five errors are in the output.
10 Six to ten errors were present in the output.
10 The output is neat. No dirt/smudges are visible and paper is not
crumpled.
NEATNESS
8 Two to three smudges/mistakes are visible.
3 Four or more errors are visible and paper is crumpled.
15 All informations are correctly indicated and legibly printed.
8 Labels are written legibly but 1-2 information are missing or
LABELING
incorrect.
5 Information is incomplete and written illegibly.
5 The output is submitted before or on the given time.
SPEED 3 The output is submitted 1 to 2 days after the given time.
1 The output is submitted 10 days beyond the given time.
TOTAL 50

Watch the video “One Point Perspective”,

by Drawing and Painting – The Virtual
Instructor, and learn how to draw with one-
point perspective.
https://tinyurl.com/23aack2d

Watch the video “How to Draw a Room in

1-Point Perspective for Beginners”, by
Circle Line Art School, and learn how to
draw a living room with one-point
perspective.
https://tinyurl.com/7c5frbwv

41
Roxas, Christian Joy E., 2015, K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood
Education Mechanical Drating, Project 8, Quezon City, Philippines, Bright House Publishing

Learn the Basics of Perspective Drawing and How to Master It. (n.d.). My Modern Met.
https://mymodernmet.com/perspective-drawing/

One Point Perspective - Linear Perspective. (n.d.). Thevirtualinstructor.Com.

https://thevirtualinstructor.com/onepointperspective.html

Perspective Drawing. (n.d.). Artyfactory.Com.

https://www.artyfactory.com/perspective_drawing/perspective_index.html

Principles of perspective drawing | Tombow. (n.d.). Tombow Pen & Pencil GmbH.
https://www.tomboweurope.com/en/inspiration/perspective-drawing

Principles of perspective drawing | Tombow. (2020, March 27). Tombow Pen & Pencil
GmbH. https://www.tomboweurope.com/en/inspiration/perspective-drawing

Module Creator/Curator: Mrs. TIMMY ANNE A. LOPEZ-GARCIA

Mrs. ANGELICA B. OLARTE

Template and Layout Designer: Ms. TIMMY ANNE A. LOPEZ-GARCIA

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