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Suman Ghimire
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Information Systems: Key Concepts for PhD Entrance Exam

Overview of Management Information Systems (MIS)


• Definition: A structured system for collecting, processing, storing, and disseminating
information to support managerial decision-making.
• Components:
• People, processes, technology, and data.

Applications of Information Systems in Management


• Functional Areas:
• Operations: Inventory and supply chain management.
• Finance: Budgeting, financial forecasting.
• HR: Recruitment tracking, performance management.
• Marketing: Customer relationship management (CRM), market analysis.
• Types of Systems:
• Transaction Processing Systems (TPS), Decision Support Systems (DSS), and Enterprise
Resource Planning (ERP).

MIS and Decision-Making


• Role of MIS:
• Provides real-time data for strategic, tactical, and operational decisions.
• Supports decision-making through data visualization and predictive analytics.
• Decision-Making Levels:
• Strategic: Long-term goals.
• Tactical: Resource allocation.
• Operational: Day-to-day activities.

System Analysis and Design


• System Analysis:
• Study of existing systems to identify problems and requirements.
• Techniques: Interviews, surveys, and document analysis.
• System Design:
• Developing solutions based on analysis.
• Phases: Conceptual design, logical design, and physical design.

Overview of Database Management Systems (DBMS)


• Definition: Software for creating, managing, and accessing databases.
• Components:
• Database (data storage), DBMS software, and users.
• Features:
• Data integrity, security, and backup.
• Types:
• Relational (SQL), NoSQL (e.g., MongoDB), and hierarchical.

Overview of E-Commerce
• Definition: Buying and selling goods/services through electronic platforms.
• Types:
• B2B (Business-to-Business), B2C (Business-to-Consumer), C2C (Consumer-to-
Consumer).
• Key Components:
• Online storefront, payment systems, and logistics.
• Advantages:
• Convenience, global reach, cost efficiency.
• Challenges:
• Cybersecurity, legal compliance, and customer trust.

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