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icse history project

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aniruddhanvinodhchittezhi
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Dr S Radhakrishnan

Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was a scholar, politician, philosopher and statesman from india. He served
as indias first vice president and second president.

Early life and education:


Dr. S radhakrishnan was born on 5th september 1888 in tiruttani, madras presidency , british
india which is present day tamil nadu to his father, sarvepalli veeraswami who was a
subordinate revenue official in the service of a local zamindar and his mother, sarvepalli sita. His
family is from sarvepalli village in Andhra pradeshs Nellore district and he grew up in the towns
of thiruttani and tirupati.

His primary education was at Thiruttani's K.V High School. In 1896, he transferred to Tirupati's
Hermannsburg Evangelical Lutheran Mission School and Walajapet's Government High
Secondary School.
For his high school education, he enrolled at Vellore's Voorhees College. At the age of 17, he
enrolled in Madras Christian College after finishing his First of Arts class. He earned his
bachelor's degree and his master's degree from the same institution in 1906.
"The Ethics of the Vedanta and its Metaphysical Presuppositions," Sarvepalli wrote for his
bachelor's degree thesis. It was written in response to the accusation that the Vedanta scheme
had no place for ethics. Rev. William Meston and Dr. Alfred George Hogg, two of
Radhakrishnan's professors, praised his dissertation. When Radhakrishnan was only twenty
years old, his thesis was published.

Sarvepalli radhakrishnan was married to sivakamu. His son sarvepalli gopal was a well known
indian historian and authored his father’s biography ‘Radhakrishnan:A Biography’ . He didn’t
want his son to go to school in English and instead wanted him to become a priest.

Philosophical thoughts by Dr S Radhakrishnan

 Radhakrishnan endeavored to reconcile eastern and western thought by defending


Hinduism against misinformed Western criticism while also incorporating Western
intellectual and religious notions.
 Radhakrishnan was a key figure in the Neo-Vedanta movement.
 He founded his philosophy on Advaita Vedanta but reworked it for a modern audience.
 He recognized human nature’s reality and diversity, which he considered as anchored in
and sanctioned by the ultimate, or Brahman.
 For Radhakrishnan, theology and creeds are both intellectual formulations and emblems
of religious experience or religious intuitions.
 Radhakrishnan assigned a grade to each religion based on how they interpret religious
experience, with Advaita Vedanta receiving the best score.
 Radhakrishnan considered Advaita Vedanta as the finest expression of Hinduism since it
was based on intuition, as opposed to the cognitively mediated ideas of other faiths.
 Vedanta is the ultimate sort of religion, according to Radhakrishnan, since it delivers the
most direct intuitive experience and inner realization.
 Despite his knowledge of western culture and philosophy, Radhakrishnan was an
outspoken critic. Despite their claims to impartiality, he said that Western philosophers
were influenced by religious forces from inside their civilization.
Radhakrishnan’s career:

From 1909, his teaching career began and he served as Lecturer in Philosophy at Presidency
College, Madras. He had undergone licentiate in Teaching (L.T) training in 1910 at the Teacher’s
Training College, to qualify for the permanent post of Assistant professor. In 1916, he was
elevated to the Post of Professor and placed in Govt. Arts College, Rajahmundry (A.P). In 1936,
he was appointed as Professor in Oxford University, London. In 1939, he was appointed as Vice
Chancellor of Banaras Hindu University. From 1946 to 1952, he served as India’s representative
at UNESCO.From 1949 until 1952, he served as India’s ambassador to the Soviet Union. He
chaired the University Education Commission in 1948. He was given the assignment of
Ambassador to USSR in July 12, 1949. Because of his learning and wisdom his impact in political
circles raised to new heights. Rajya Sabha elected him as the first Chairman and Vice President
in 1952. He was appointed as second President of India in 1962. When he became President,
some of his students and friends requested him to allow them to celebrate his birthday, 5th
September. He replied, "Instead of celebrating my birthday, it would be my proud privilege if 5th
September is observed as Teachers Day." Since then, his birthday has been celebrated in India as
Teachers’ Day. He got Bharat Ratna, the highest national award in 1967. Dr. Radhakrishnan’s
contribution to education has been unique and irreplaceable. He passed away in 1975.

His writings-
indian Philosophy, The Pursuit of Truth, The Hindu View of Life, The Philosophy ofRabindranath
Tagore, The Bhagavadgita, The Dhammapada, Religion and Culture, The Brahma Sutra: The
Philosophy of Spiritual Life, and many more.

Dr radhakrishnans views on education :


Education for Dr. Radhakrishnan is of great importance. True education can solve many
problems of country as it is not only the information but knowledge that becomes wisdom. By
which one can understand the right and the wrong and make positive changes in the life.
Therefore, Radhakrishnan calls education an “instrument for social, economic and cultural
change.” Education is not only in knowledge and skill, but it is to help us to live with others
“Education makes a man complete physically, mentally and spiritually. Radhakrishnan said,
“Education to be complete, must be humane, it must include not only training of intellect but
refinement of the heart and discipline of the spirit. No education can be regarded as complete if
it neglects heart and spirit”.

Aims of education

Personality Development- Develop in the minds of the students a love of sustained thinking, adherence
to truth and the power of resistance to popular sentiments and mob passion. He emphasized a balanced
and high ideal personality growth of the individual.
 Formation of Character- Character building is the key to all education. Real character of a man
cannot be judged by his great performance rather it is estimated by his common

o actions. Therefore, education should inculcate in the child the values of love, truth,
o goodness and beauty from the very beginning.

 Development of Vocational Efficiency/ Vocational Training- enables the child to


o attain certain skills in order to become economically self-sufficient. He favored imparting
o vocational courses.
 Training for Leadership
 Development of Scientific Attitude
 Preservation, Enrichment and Transmission of Culture- A country enriched in culture
o is advanced in many respects. Education has to play a key role to preserve, enrich,
o transmit and modify the culture of a country.
 Cultivation of Social and Moral Values- Civic responsibility, faith in democracy, non-
o violence, truth, unity and feeling of brotherhood.
o Nurturing Democratic Values- Liberty, Equality, Justice, Brotherhood
 Development of Spirituality (Spiritual Values) - Without a spiritual bent of mind, the
o physical and intellectual development of a person remains stunted. For Radhakrishnan,
human development should not be confused with the acquisition of mechanical skills or
intellectual information. It is the development of spirit in man. Education should
develop human attitude and manly spirit through the refinement of heart and
development of good habits.
 Development of Nationalism and International Understanding
Dr radhakrishnan’s awards and achievements:
 In 1954, he was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian honor.
 In 1968, he became the first individual to be awarded a Sahitya Akademi fellowship, the Sahitya
Akademi’s highest distinction.
 He was awarded the Templeton Prize for supporting nonviolence and presenting “a universal
reality of God that embraced love and wisdom for all people” shortly before his death in 1975.
 India’s first Vice President and second President. Indian philosophy has been placed on a world
map.

Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan’s life and contributions to the school of Indian modern philosophy
are invaluable. He was a learned man and an educator who made significant contributions to
the realm of education. He was an Indian scholar who had renounced his faith. As Indians, we
continue to remember him and commemorate his birthday on September 5th as Teacher’s Day.

We respect all instructors because of him, and we especially observed this day because of him.
He is a role model for all Indians, and despite his death, he lives on in the hearts of all teachers
and students.
Biblio:
https://www.lkouniv.ac.in/site/writereaddata/siteContent/202004201521035216nupur_sen_Dr
_S_Radhakrishnan.pdf
https://leverageedu.com/blog/dr-sarvepalli-radhakrishnan-biography-and-education/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sarvepalli-Radhakrishnan
https://www.vedantu.com/biography/sarvepalli-radhakrishnan-biography

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