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Computer Network Topology

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2 views

Computer Network Topology

Uploaded by

Bhavik Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Network Topology

Computer network topology refers to the arrangement or layout of nodes (computers, servers,
routers, switches) and their connections in a network. It defines how devices are interconnected and
communicate with each other. Topology impacts the performance, scalability, and reliability of the
network.

Types of Network Topologies

Physical Topology:

Refers to the physical layout of devices and cables.

Logical Topology:

Refers to how data flows within the network, irrespective of physical design.
Common Types of Physical Topologies

Bus Topology:

Description: All devices are connected to a single central cable (the bus).

Advantages:

Easy to set up and extend.

Cost-effective for small networks.

Disadvantages:

Single point of failure: If the bus fails, the entire network goes down.

Limited scalability and efficiency.

Star Topology:

Description: All devices are connected to a central hub or switch.

Advantages:

Easy to manage and troubleshoot.

Failure of one device does not affect others.

Disadvantages:

Central hub failure can disrupt the entire network.

Requires more cable than bus topology.

Ring Topology:

Description: Devices are connected in a circular fashion, where each device connects to exactly two
others.

Advantages:

Predictable data transmission.

Equal access for all devices.

Disadvantages:

Failure in one device or connection can break the network.

Troubleshooting is complex.

Mesh Topology:

Description: Every device is connected to every other device.

Advantages:

High redundancy and reliability.

Failure of one connection does not disrupt the network.


Disadvantages:

Expensive and complex to implement.

Difficult to manage as the network grows.

Tree Topology:

Description: Hierarchical structure with a central node connected to sub-nodes.

Advantages:

Easy to expand.

Organized structure for larger networks.

Disadvantages:

Central node failure can affect the network.

Maintenance can be challenging.

Hybrid Topology:

Description: Combines two or more basic topologies.

Advantages:

Flexible and scalable.

Can be designed to suit specific needs.

Disadvantages:

Complex design and maintenance.

Expensive to implement.

Logical Topologies

Point-to-Point: Direct communication between two devices.

Broadcast: Data is sent to all devices in the network, but only the intended recipient processes it.

Token Passing: Devices pass a token to control who sends data.

Factors to Consider When Choosing a Topology

Network size and scalability.

Cost of implementation and maintenance.

Required performance and reliability.

Complexity and ease of troubleshooting.

Network topology is crucial in designing efficient and robust networks tailored to organizational
needs.

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