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KMT & IMF

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Chelle Tarang
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19 views

KMT & IMF

Uploaded by

Chelle Tarang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Direction: Select the letter of the correct answer

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of


liquids?
A. Liquids have the ability to flow.
B. The particles of a liquid are not attracted to
each other.
C. The particles of liquids are closer together
than particles of gases.
D. Liquids conform to the shape of their
container.
2. Which of the following explains that liquids
cannot be compressed easily?
A. The particles are too far apart.
B. The particles are arranged in a fixed position.
C. The particles are too close together to be
squished any closer.
D. The particles are free to move and simply move
away from each other when we try to squish
them
3. Which of the following is NOT a
characteristic of liquids?
A. Liquids have the ability to flow.
B. The particles of a liquid are not
attracted to each other.
C. The particles of liquids are closer
together than particles of gases.
D. Liquids conform to the shape of their
container.
4. Kinetic-molecular theory makes several
assumptions about __________.
A. The size and energy of the molecules.
B. The motion and energy of the
molecules.
C. The motion and size of the molecules
D. The size and weight of the molecules
5. When NaCl dissolves in water, aqueous
Na+ and Cl ions result. What do you call
the force of attraction that exists between
Na+ and H2O?

A. dipole-dipole C. hydrogen bonding


B. ion-ion D. ion-dipole
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Learning Competencies Learning Targets
1. Use the kinetic molecular 1.1 I can describe the kinetic
model to explain properties of molecular model.
liquids and solids 1.2 I can explain how the
STEM_GC11IMFIIIa-c-99 kinetic molecular model applies
to liquids.
1.3 I can explain how the
kinetic molecular model applies
to solids.
Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)
a model used to explain the behavior of
matter.
It is based on a series of postulates.
• Matter is made of particles that are constantly in
motion. This energy in motion is called kinetic
energy.
• The amount of kinetic energy in a substance is
related to its temperature.
• There is space between particles. The amount of
space in between particles is related to the
substance's state of matter.
• Phase changes happen when the temperature of
the substance changes sufficiently.
• There are attractive forces in between particles
called intermolecular forces.
The strength of these forces increase as
particles get closer together.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Jtw8g795Us
2 kinds of forces, or attractions, operate in
a molecule—intramolecular and
intermolecular
Intramolecular forces are the
forces that hold atoms together within a
molecule.

Intermolecular forces are forces


that exist between molecules.
INTERMOLECULAR
FORCES (IMF)
Learning Learning Targets
Competencies
2. Describe and differentiate 2.1 I can list the types of intermolecular forces.
the types of intermolecular 2.2 I can describe each type of intermolecular
forces force.
STEM_GC11IMFIIIa-c-100 2.3 I can differentiate between the types of
intermolecular forces.

3. Predict the intermolecular 3.1 I can identify the types of intermolecular forces
forces possible for a in a given molecule.
molecule 3.2 I can predict the strength of intermolecular
STEM_GC11IMFIIIa-c-101 forces in different molecules.
3.3 I can explain the impact of intermolecular
forces on molecular properties.
INTERMOLECULAR FORCES (IMF)

are relatively weaker than the forces


within the molecules forming bonds
(intramolecular forces)
The intermolecular forces of attraction
in a pure substance are collectively
known as van der Waals forces;
Dipole-dipole,
Hydrogen bonding,
London dispersion

Ion-dipole, Ionic compound


*
Dipole-dipole forces

These forces occur when the partially


positively charged part of a molecule
interacts with the partially negatively
charged part of the neighboring
molecule.
Dipole-dipole forces

The prerequisite for this type of


attraction to exist is partially charged
ions—for example, the case of polar
covalent bonds such as Hydrogen
Chloride
Dipole-dipole interactions are the strongest
intermolecular force of attraction.
Hydrogen bonding:
This is a special kind of dipole-dipole
interaction that occurs specifically
between a hydrogen atom bonded to
either an oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine
atom.
Hydrogen bonding:
The partially positive end of
hydrogen is attracted to the partially
negative end of the oxygen, nitrogen,
or fluorine of another molecule.
Hydrogen bonding:

Hydrogen bonding is a relatively strong


force of attraction between molecules,
and considerable energy is required to
break hydrogen bonds.
Hydrogen bonding:
This explains the exceptionally high
boiling points and melting points of
compounds like water and hydrogen
fluoride.
Hydrogen bonding plays an important role in
biology; for example, hydrogen bonds are
responsible for holding nucleotide bases
together in and RNA.
London dispersion forces
The weakest of the intermolecular forces
and exist between all types of molecules,
whether ionic or covalent—polar or
nonpolar.

The more electrons a molecule has, the


stronger the London dispersion forces are.
Ion-dipole .

The ions and the oppositely charged


ends of the polar water molecules
overcome the attraction between ions
themselves.
Each ion becomes separated and
water molecules cluster around it.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hHeYem2Gwzw
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ACTIVITY - If the pairs of substances listed below were mixed, list all the forces of
interaction involved.

COMPOUND FORCES OF ATTRACTION


Methane and Methane (CH4)
Water and Water
CH2Cl2 and CH2Cl2
NH3 and H2O
Mg2+ and H2O
Cl2 and H2
Acetic acid and H2O
SO2 and H2O

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