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Module Scientific Method

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cristina tarriga
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Module Scientific Method

Uploaded by

cristina tarriga
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© © All Rights Reserved
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QUARTER 1

SCIENCE 7 CHEMISTRY
Cristina S. Tarriga-Teacher
Objectives:
1. identify the steps of a scientific method;
2. use the scientific method in solving problem through an
experiment; and
3. relate scientific method in daily life.
Pretest
1. What is the correct order of steps in the scientific method?
 Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze
results,
and draw conclusions.
2. Which of the following questions is best considered as scientific? A. Who
invented electricity?
 Does the amount of salt in water affect the temperature at which it
boils?
3. What is the process of obtaining information using your senses?
 Observation
4. What variable can be changed or manipulated?
 Independent variable
5. A scientist hypothesizes that the temperature at which an ostrich’s egg is
incubated will determine whether the ostrich will be male or female. What
is the independent variable of this experiment?
 Temperature
6. Please refer to situation in number 5, what is the dependent variable?
 gender of the ostrich
7. What do you call an idea or explanation that you test through study and
experimentation?
 Hypothesis
8. What do you call the things in an experiment that must be the same to
make it fair?
 Controlled variables
9. A scientist is already contemplating whether the data of his experiments
support his hypothesis. At this point the scientist is __________________.
 drawing a conclusion
10.Which refers to scientific procedure undertaken by scientists to test a
hypothesis and make a discovery or demonstrate a known fact?
 Experiment
11.When a scientist shares her findings with other scientists, she is
____________.
 communicating results
12. In which step of the scientific method do we want to use graphs?
 Analyze data
13. Why is the Scientific Method an important process in doing experiments?
 It ensures that the results can be trusted and repeated.
14. What is the purpose of doing multiple trials in an experiment?
 To double-check the results so they are the same each time
15. A series of steps designed to help you solve problems and answer
questions.
 Scientific method
SCIENTIFIC METHOD- is like the road map that you follow to get to that
destination. It is a series of steps followed by scientific investigators to answer
specific questions about the natural world.

BASIC STEPS OF SCIENTIFIC METHOD


1. MAKE OBSERVATIONS
Observation-process of observing something carefully in order to gain
information.
(using the senses)
 A student noticed that ice melted fast in water.
2. COME UP WITH A QUESTION (Identifying the Problem)
 The students’ observations should lead to some sort of questions.
Does ice melt faster in different liquids?
3. DEVELOP A HYPOTHESIS OR PREDICTION
Hypothesis- a proposed explanation made on the basis of limited
evidence
as a starting point for further investigation.
 A hypothesis is an educated guess or tentative answer to a
problem.
 Prediction-what you think will happen next.
Example: 1. What happens to the growth of mongo seeds if table salt
was added to the soil?
2. Tomato seeds may grow faster in colder temperature.

Hypothesis: 1. If the amount of salt added to the soil increases, then the
growth of mongo seeds decreases.
2. If tomato seeds were planted in colder temperature, then
the seeds will grow at a faster rate.

Let’s Try This


1. What effect does temperature have on the dissolution rate of sugar in
water?
Hypothesis: _____________________________________________________
2. Eating chocolates may cause pimples.
Hypothesis: _____________________________________________________
Kinds of Variables
1. Independent variable-variable that is being manipulated
2. Dependent variable-variable that changes due to the effect of
independent variable
Quick Check:

Marshmallow Muscles
Larry was told that a certain muscle cream was the newest best thing on
the market and claims to double a person’s muscle power when used as a part
of a muscle-building workout. Interested in this product, he buys the special
muscle cream and recruits Patrick and SpongeBob to help him with an
experiment. Larry develops a special marshmallow weightlifting program for
Patrick and SpongeBob. He meets with them once every day for a period of 2
weeks and keeps track of their results. Before each session Patrick’s arms and
back are lathered in the muscle cream, while SpongeBob’s arm and back are
lathered with the regular lotion.
(Source: www.kent.edu)

Time Patrick SpongeBob


Initial Amount 18 5
After 1 week 24 9
After 2 weeks 33 17
Directions: Answer the following questions.
1.What is the independent variable? Muscle cream
2. What is the dependent variable? Person’s muscle power
3. What should Larry’s conclusion be? The new muscle cream is effective
in increasing muscle power.
4. CONDUCT AN EXPERIMENT OR TEST THE HYPOTHESIS
We made a prediction that ice will melt faster in juice than in water, and
now we must test our hypothesis.
 How will it be done?
Materials and procedure
5. RECORD AND ANALYZE THE RESULTS
Make sure to record what is happening as well as the results. Note
changes at specific time intervals or after one set time interval. When each
ice cube is completely melted, add drawings if you wish at the end results.
Was your prediction accurate? If it is not accurate, state the reason/s.
6. DRAW CONCLUSIONS
This is the opportunity to talk about your hypothesis, your experiment,
your results, and your conclusion which is the final answer to your problem or
experiment!

Match Column A with Column B


Column A Column B
___1. Identify a problem based on your A. Observation
observation.
___2. Summarizes the results of B. Ask a Question
the experiment, either
accepts or rejects the C. Hypothesis
hypothesis.
D. Conduct an experiment
___3. Getting information with the use
of our senses.
E. Analyze the results
___4. The data from the experiment
will be collected and analyzed.
F. Draw Conclusion
___5. Educated guess.
___6. Is a step that is used to test the G. Writing result
hypothesis.
H. Classifying
Name: __________________________________________________Score: _________

Grade and Section:_________________________Date: _______________________

Directions: Design a simple scientific investigation on a specific problem in


your area or at home, write it on your science notebook. For example, you turn
the light switch ON and the bulb does not light inside your room. Use scientific
method in your investigation. Describe each step that you will do to solve the
problem.

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