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Exercise No.1 Microscopy

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Exercise No.1 Microscopy

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mgzhgz5qzm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exercise No.

1: Microscope Familiarization

Introduction:
Exercise no.1 is all about learning good and proper microscopy techniques. Provide a hands-on session
for students to become familiar with the different parts of a compound microscope (ocular lens,
objective lenses, stage, coarse and fine adjustment knobs, etc.).

These minute organisms, otherwise known as microorganisms, need to be observed using a precision
instrument called the microscope. The use of this objective properly is essential to good visualization of
bacteria. The student must be familiar with the light microscope in order to use it as an effective tool in
the study of microorganism.

Learning Outcomes
At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:
1. Familiarize themselves with the parts of a compound microscope and their functions.
2. Practice in the use and manipulation of the compound microscope

THE COMPOUND MICROSCOPE


I. Care of the Microscope
Microscopes are very expensive instruments. To save you from expense and trouble,
it is important for you to become familiar with the following precautions:
1. Keep the microscope clean, dry and free from dust.
2. Carry the microscope with both hands, keeping one under the base and one at
the arm.
3. Never touch lenses with your fingers. Clean the lenses and all glass parts with
lens paper only.
4. Do not remove any part unless specifically instructed to do so.
5. Keep the body tube upright when using wet mounts.
6. When focusing on the image, never focus upward with the coarse adjustment
unless you are looking at the side of the body tube, otherwise slides and lenses
will crack.
7. Never force the microscope.
8. Before returning the microscope, see to it that the lowest power objective is in
place, the stage fully lowered, and the mirror placed in a vertical position.
A. Use of Scanning Objective, LPO and HPO
1. Look through the ocular lens while adjusting the light knob to the desired light intensity. Do
this while the objective is about 1cm above the stage, with the diaphragm half open. Observe
the effects of lowering the condenser and changing the iris diaphragm opening.
2. Put a prepared slide on the stage and secure it with the specimen holder. Examine the slide
first with the scanning objective (4x).
3. By looking at the stage's side, lower the scanning objective as low as possible to the surface
of the slide and focus upward with the coarse adjustment knob until the specimen comes into
focus. Then use the fine adjustment knob for a sharp focus.
4. Using the low power objective (10x), focus on the slide and see the difference. Adjust again
by using the fine adjustment knob.
5. Alter the light, condenser position, and the slide position, making notes of these
manipulations' effects. To help you better manipulate the adjustment of the microscope, try to
use your right fingers for manipulating the fine adjustment knob while using your left for
adjusting the position of the slide by rotating the knob of the stage.
6. Our microscope is of parfocal design so that we can assume that the specimen under the
high-dry objective will be in focus if it was in focus under low power. When changing from low
power to high-dry, keep in mind the following.
a. Once the objective is in focus under low power, the high-dry can be safely rotated into place.
b. To ensure that the high-dry objective is directly over the specimen, ensure that the
nosepiece is locked in place.
c. For high-power and oil-immersion objectives, the condenser must be elevated to the full
stop position.
Try to bring the specimen into focus by adjusting the iris diaphragm for the right illumination,
and at the same time, try to adjust using the fine adjustment knob. Try to move the condenser
(up and down) to see if there are any observable differences relating to its approximate
distance with the stage, having it far or closer. Record your observation at this magnification.
B. Use of Oil Immersion Objective
1. Secure a stained bacterial smear or a prepared slide of Bacillus.
2. Locate first the smear with the low power and select a good area.
3. Shift to the high power and select an area of observed bacterial occurrence.
4. Without moving the slide on the stage, move the high-power objective out of the way. Place
a small drop of immersion oil on the part of the specimen directly under the objective lens. Do
this when you swing the high-dry objective halfway to shift to the oil immersion objective.
5. Carefully lower the immersion objective (looking at the microscope from the side) until its
front lens is immersed in oil and almost touches the slide. Focus the view using the fine
adjustment knob.
6. NEVER FOCUS WITH COARSE ADJUSTMENT WHEN USING THE HIGHAND OIL IMMERSION
OBJECTIVE! For better focusing, try to adjust the iris diaphragm. Note the bacterial cells under
the oil immersion objective.
7. If the front lens of the objective is no longer in contact with the oil, repeat the procedure of
lowering the objective lens to the slide, looking into the eyepiece. Draw the stained bacteria.
8. After you have noted down your observations and made sketches of the cells under varying
magnifications, make sure to:
a. Wipe off the immersion oil from the lens with the lens paper gently until it is clean.
b. Switch the nosepiece until the scanning objective is in position and the barrel tube is at its
lowest position.
c. Turn off the light switch, tie the electrical cord around the base of the microscope, adjust the
stage, and wipe the stage with ordinary tissue paper to remove whatever dust or oil liquid.
Name: Date:
Teacher: Score:

GENERAL BIOLOGY 1
Exercise No. 1: Microscope Familiarization

I. The Compound Microscope

Fig. 1 (Draw The compound microscope. Label the parts).

II. PARTS AND DESCRIPTION OF FUNCTIONS


Familiarize the parts of a compound microscope and research on the descriptions and their
functions

PARTS OF DESCRIPTION OF
MICROSCOPE FUNCTIONS

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