Let’s Remember @ Rewrite thece sentences in the passive voice, Gs 1 Renu sings a song. 6.6: 2. Call in the doctor at once, dpa told us an inte Neha’s father praised rm eH) des, require object ple formed a queue on the road. 304 )@ eentence relates to its verb, In fac 1, the qu & voices arises only when a trar verb cannot have a pa tion of jerb is involved, ive voice because it does transitive » NOL have an objec Active Voice When the eubject of the trntence the doer of th action, the verb is said to be in the Prample: Sonia changed the Slat tyre on hee ear sentence iy about Sarnia dor of the the subject. Sonia in al ion here, Therefure, this Notice that the very in t. ceenibeeny The italicized vers the sertenicaes bee active voice. ; transitive, with the flat tyre 39 the o tence, when the oubjet in 801 the dine of the ay in oad to bee in thie is acted upon by the w action but Paestve voice © Ht hus otoppet Phery seem co egies, Airy about somepassive Voice sample: The flat tyre was changed by Sonia, sis sentence focus son the Ore ue condition, Sonia who changed it has been moved * pect position. Therefore, the verb here is i ive voi i «the object PO a here is in the passive voice, Notice + objer i has moved to subject position, ' eee fiat ture table below gives examples of sentences in the p. study the changes in the verb tense from a ve voice for the various verb 1 voice carefully. The ve to pa He makes pots. 4c is mak: He hu: pots making pots. Pots are being - made by him. fi He wns making Hle had been pots. making pots. Pots were being | Pots ad been No Passive Voice made by him. ade by him. He will be making le will have been pot making Pots will have been | No Passive Voice by h Pots are made by Passive him. He made pots. Pots were made by He will make pots. Pots will be made gz 3 sive Voice Transformation of Active Voice into Pas: The following rules are applicable: ct position + The object of the verb in the active voice comes 0 OCCUPY the subject position in the passive voice. * The form of the verb is changed in accordai : involved, in its appropriate form, in the passive voice: * The subject of the active voice may be left out of the sent itis introduced with by. sold 10 cde bettas ssainan db basdSn, l nce with its tense. Usually, the verb be is tence in the passive voice or else| | | .¢ into active or passive, Oa... following sentences 0 + He waters the plants every day. 1h" 1 2. The thief stole the jeivels. 3. The te 4 periment. ‘acher is demonstrating an experiment. j.- 2 People have forgotten the war hero. SO - Robin is taking a photograph. | ¢ Amrit sells fruits and vegetables in the market. hekhar had written a letter of apology. ~ The inspector will have inspected our school by tomorrow: ~ Fortunately not much damage was done by the fire. The protestors were being stopped bythe police.“[y) She has been given a notice by the principal. *}.¢ ~ The house was decorated by Asha. ouip - His officers are displeased by his conduct™\.- ~ The books will have been received by tomorrow. - Several people have been bitten by this dog, ~"| Bow ape ag More About Passive Voice When a transitive verb has two objects, there are two possible ways of converting it ing the passive voice. In such a sentence, either the direct or the indirect obj the subject in the passive voice, w Which does not change is called Example: He gave us some money. (active) In this sentence, money is the direct object and us is the indirect object. When this senter is transformed into the passive voice, ether of the tivo objects can be shifted to the sul position. (a) Some money was given to us. (passive) Here the indirect object us is the retained object. ect may be me, hile the other object remains unchanged. The the retained object. object (©) We were given some money. (passive) Here the direct object money is the retained object. Note: Between the two possibilities, the second one, where the indirect object occupies the subject position and the direct object is retained, is preferred. Structures in the Passive Voice For + retained object Example: They sent me a packet. (active) (ho, thea alba t BMAr a .. BRBWhe direct object « packet in the subject position and using for with the retained into the passive voice. an u abject we can transform the sentence s sent for me. (passive) ¢ other verbs which allow the addition of for to the retained object are buy, bring, and get. qo+ retained object nilar to the case above, we use this structure when the indirect object is a recipient something 4 of Example: (a) They gave her flowers. (active) (b) Flowers were given to her. (passive) ive with object complement Whena transitive verb is followed by an object complement, the complement is retained and does not change its position in the passive voice. Example: (a) They elected her Prime Minister. (active) (b) She was elected Prime Minister. (passive) Passive with prepositions other than ‘by In some sentence constructions in the passive voice, another appropriate preposition is used instead of by. Examples: (a) His effort pleased the teacher. (active) The teacher was pleased with his effort. (passive) (b) We know the facts. (active) The facts are known to us. (passive) Passive with infinitive When there is a bare infinitive (an infinitive without fo) in the active voice, it becomes 2 infinitive (infinitive with fo) in the passive voice. So Example: We made him complete the work. (active) He was made to complete the work. (passive) © © Change the voice in the following from active to passic 1. Her cousin gave her a pair of binoculars se 2. [know his weak points. . 3. My father bought me aw Your case interests me. — . They selected me the leader of our group. \ Mr Kapoor teaches us English.ws>% § . Many people considered hima genius.wy officer: one’ yr the Kaper’ i Me s aritation: 3 scooped g ne nits. + alle S 1 They nce ae native Sente! “The auxiliary verb in boy, th ch of Voice in Intertoge a question. ange a ection remains ive voice, a ques ne subject nv prevees th they Titt this bow? (ae " this boy be lifted? (passh tence with the verb in the a sn interrogative sente nai pice. sor were in the passive VoIct - re or te a wateh the news every e¥ ee Is the news watched every evening? e Did 1 is picture? (active () Did Komal paint this pit! (ci Nes i is y Komal? s picture painted by ‘ an : in an interrogative sentence in the active y oice changes ave \dergo any change in the active o; . Modals do not underg: participle of the Examples: (a) Had he cleaned the house before you reached? (active) , / Had the house been cleaned (by him) before you reached? (passive) (©) Can we solve this problem? (active) Can this problem be solved (by us)? (passive) Questions with Who/Whathich/When/Why Questions beginning with who, what, which x Passive voice in the beginning of the placed at the end, Fsamples: (a) Who did this mischief (active) Who was this mischief done by? (passive) (©) What donve require for this job? (active) What is required for this job? (Passive) B change tne following interrogative sen ten I. Which room did they reserve for 2. Can they write this in English 3. Who called the police? 4. Has he informed his family? ‘hen, why, etc, retain the question word in Sentence and sometimes a Preposition, usually fy Ces into the passi if Ve Voice, the minister?Is Mrs Kumar hosting the party? @\ re did they find the purse? > Who teaches vou Sanskrit? When will they build the bridge? a cooking a Chinese dish for dinner? When Shakespeare write his first play? Bow Change of Voice in Imperative Sentences or Command ence begins with /ct and the imperative verb changes into be + past par sple:_ Put all the clothes away. (active) Let all the clothes be put away. (passive) advice or Suggestion the object in the imperative sentence occupies the subject position and the advice or suggestion changes to should/mustlought to + be + past participle 9 example: Eat meals at regular times. (active) Meals should be eaten at regular times. (passive) Requests Beginning with ‘Please/Kindly’ In an imperative sentence where the verb has two objects, we know that any ene nwo objects can be made the subject in the passive structure. Sometimes, the phrase you are requested to is placed before the imperative verb. in negative sentences, the structure becomes you are requested not to + verb. king for permission, the word please or kindly is placed between may * Insentences asl and be. Examples: (a) Please send us the cheque as soon as possible. (active) The cheque may kindly be sent to us as soon as possible. (passive) (b) Please remain seated. Do not get up. (active) You are requested to remain seated and not to get up. (passive) Indirect Commands and Requests The object following the reporting, verb occupies the position of the subject. The infinitive inthe active voice remains the same in the passive voice. Example: She requested me to attend the meeting. (active) Here, the reporting verb is requested and the object that foll passive of this sentence will therefore have me in the subject p' changed. The infinitive fo attend will remain unchanged. lows it is me. The ion, suitably Iwas requested by her to attend the meeting. (passive) bit. 1s cla — me oe Miia Se =~When to Use the Passive Loui formal writing, It may be used foy , i EPASSive voice is used more commonly os _ * ftetng format notices or making eel half an hour before the examination ample: Candidate * Writing nowy Paper reports up and charges are being frameg "Sime: An inquiry conmsion hasbeen s re required tore * writing headhi 's and advertisements Fample: 40 survive in train accident * Writing “entific reports and experiments nt Example: The liquid is heated to its boiling point. Let’s Revise Change the folowing Sentences into activelpassive voice. 1. Teat an apple every day. 2. Shyam delivered the parcel, 3. A letter was written by Sheena, * Acar was boughtby him, 5. My purse Was lost Yesterday, 6. He offered a seat to the elderly woman, 7. Did you find my pon? 5. By whom were the walls Painted? 9 » Twelve months make a year, 10. The fields are Overgrown with grass, 11. Itis said to be a Very well-researched book, 12, Do you like such films? 13. Was the window broken by you? 14. Will you teach me Mathematics? 15. When was the essay written by you? hei