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5 views5 pages

MINIKUBE

Uploaded by

comrade0808
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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RKR21 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LAB CSE/IT/CSM/CSD III/I

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LAB

EXERCISE – 7

TOPIC – 5

DEPLOYING AND SCALING APPLICATIONS USING


MINIKUBE

How to Set Up, Scale, and Stop Nginx Using Kubernetes (Minikube)

What Are We Doing?

In this guide, we will:

1. Set up a mini-Kubernetes system on your computer using a tool called Minikube.


This is like creating a small virtual computer where we can run apps.
2. Create a Nginx app (Nginx is a simple web server that shows websites).
3. Make the Nginx app accessible from your browser so you can see it on your screen.
4. Create more copies of the Nginx app (this helps it handle more users or traffic).
5. Clean up everything when we're done so nothing is left running.

This process will work the same on Windows, macOS, and Linux, with only a few small
differences in how Minikube is set up on each system.

Step 1: Setting Up Minikube and Kubernetes

1.1 Start Minikube

Run this command to start the Minikube cluster:

minikube start

o Minikube creates a local Kubernetes cluster. This cluster helps us manage


and run applications on our machine. Think of it as a small virtual computer
running in the background that Kubernetes will use to manage apps.

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RKR21 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LAB CSE/IT/CSM/CSD III/I

Step 2: Create and manage the Nginx Deployment

2.1 Create the Nginx Deployment

Run the following command to create a new deployment (which is like creating an app) for
Nginx:

kubectl create deployment mynginx --image=nginx

 Explanation of the command:


o kubectl: This is the tool we use to talk to Kubernetes.
o create deployment: This tells Kubernetes to create a Deployment, which is
a way of managing and running apps.
o mynginx: This is the name we give to our app. You can call it anything you
want, but we are calling it mynginx.
o --image=nginx: This tells Kubernetes to use the nginx image (a ready-made
version of Nginx) to create the app. An image is like a blueprint for creating an
app.

You can verify if the Nginx deployment was created correctly by running this command:

kubectl get deployments

You should see mynginx listed as a deployment.

Step 3: Expose the Nginx Deployment to the Outside World

3.1 Expose the Service

We will use the following command to expose the Nginx app to the outside world:

kubectl expose deployment mynginx --type=NodePort --port=80 --


target-port=80

 Explanation of the command:


o kubectl expose: This tells Kubernetes to create a Service. A Service is a way
to expose your app to the outside world.

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RKR21 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LAB CSE/IT/CSM/CSD III/I

o deployment mynginx: This specifies which app (Deployment) we want to


expose.
o --type=NodePort: This makes the service accessible outside the Kubernetes
cluster by opening a specific port on your computer.
o --port=80: This is the port we’ll use to access Nginx from outside the cluster
(port 80 is the default for web servers).
o --target-port=80: This is the port inside the pod where Nginx is running (also

port 80).

Step 4: Scale the Deployment (Make More Copies)

4.1 Scale the Deployment

To scale Nginx to 4 replicas (running 4 copies of the app), run the following command:

kubectl scale deployment mynginx --replicas=4

 Explanation of the command:


o kubectl scale: This tells Kubernetes to increase or decrease the number of
pods running.
o --replicas=4: This specifies that we want 4 copies (pods) of the Nginx app
running at the same time.

Step 5: Accessing the Nginx App

5.1 What is Port Forwarding?

Port forwarding is a way to forward traffic from a port on your computer (like 8081) to a port
inside the Kubernetes cluster (like port 80 in the Nginx pod).

We need port forwarding because Jenkins is already using port 8080 on your computer.
That’s why we forward traffic from 8081 to port 80 on Nginx.

5.2 Run Port Forwarding

Run this command to forward port 8081 on your local machine to port 80 inside the Nginx
container:

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RKR21 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LAB CSE/IT/CSM/CSD III/I

kubectl port-forward svc/mynginx 8081:80

 Explanation of the command:


o kubectl port-forward: This command forwards traffic from one port to
another.
o svc/mynginx: This refers to the mynginx service we created earlier.
o 8081:80: This forwards port 8081 on your local machine to port 80 inside the
Nginx container.

 Open your browser and go to:

http://localhost:8081

You should see the Nginx welcome page, confirming that the app is running!

Step 6: Alternative Method – Minikube Tunnel

If port forwarding doesn’t work for you, or if you prefer an alternative method, you can use
Minikube Tunnel.

6.1 Start Minikube Tunnel

Run this command to create a tunnel that lets you access the service directly:

minikube tunnel

 Explanation: This command creates a tunnel between your local machine and the
Kubernetes cluster, allowing you to access the service.

6.2 Get the Minikube Service URL

Once the tunnel is running, get the URL of the service using:

minikube service mynginx --url

 What happens: This command gives you a URL (like http://192.168.x.x:80) that
you can open in your browser to access Nginx.

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RKR21 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LAB CSE/IT/CSM/CSD III/I

6.3 Open the URL in Your Browser

Copy and paste the provided URL into your browser to access Nginx directly.

Step 7: Stopping and Cleaning Up Everything

7.1 Stop the Nginx Deployment and Service

To delete the Nginx deployment and service, run:

kubectl delete deployment mynginx


kubectl delete service mynginx

7.2 Stop Minikube (Optional)

If you’re done with Minikube, stop it to free up system resources:

minikube stop

7.3 Delete the Minikube Cluster (Optional)

To delete the entire Minikube cluster, run:

minikube delete

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