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Chapter_6_Z-Notes

Uploaded by

Shreya Singh
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Advantages Disadvantages

Automated and Higher


Productivity and

Emerging E ciency

Technologies
Automated Systems
Automated Systems are a combination of
Robotics
software and hardware that are designed to Robotics is the branch of computer science
function without any human intervention. that brings together the design, construction
Process of Automated Systems - and the operation of robots.
Inputs are taken by sensors and they are Isaac Asimov’s Laws of Robotics -
sent to the microprocessor. The data is A robot may not injure a human through
usually analogue, so it has to go through action or inaction
Analouge- to-Digital Converter (ADC) A robot must obey orders given by
The microprocessor processes the data humans unless it comes into con ict with
and takes the necessary decisions based Law 1
on it’s program a robot must protect itself, unless this
The actions are then executed by the con icts with law 1.
actuators (Motors, wheels and so on) Characteristics of a robot -
Advantages and Disadvantages of Automated Ability to sense their surroundings
Systems Have a degree of movement
Programmable
Advantages Disadvantages
NOTE - ROBOTS DO NOT POSSESS AI, THEY TEND

Expensive to set up and TO DO REPETITIVE TASKS RATHER THAN


Faster and Safer
maintain REQUIRING HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS

Types of Robots -
Any changes can Any computerised
Independent - Have no human
be identi ed
fi systems are prone to
intervention, They can completely replace
quickly attacks
humans
Over-Reliance on Dependent - Needs human intervention
Less Expensive automated systems may through an interface, can supplement but
in the long run cause humans to lose can’t completely replace humans
skills Advantages and Disadvantages of Robots
Advantages Disadvantages - AI that is developed to mimic
human knowledge and experiences. They are
Robots can nd it
Robots can work usually used for answering questioning using
di cult to do non-
24/7 knowledge and inference.
standard tasks
They have many applications including

Robots can work in chatbots, diagnosis in the medical industry,


Robots can lead to
hazardous nancial calculations and so on
higher unemployment
conditions Advantages and Disadvantages of Expert Systems

They are less Risk of deskilling as


Advantages Disadvantages
expensive in the robots replace humans
long run in some task High level of Setup and Maintenance
Expertise costs are very high
They have high Expensive to install

productivity and and maintain in the Can only rely on the


High Accuracy
are more consistent short run information in the
and Consistent
system
Robots have the risk of
getting hacked High response Tend to give cold
times responses sometimes

Machine Learning - Subset of AI in which

Arti cial Intelligence machines are trained to learn from their past

experiences.

AI is the branch of computer science dealing Di erence Between AI and Machine Learning

with the simulation of intelligent human

behaviour AI Machine Learning

Types of AI - Machines are trained


Representation of
Narrow AI - Machine has superior to make decisions
human intelligence
performance to a human when doing one without being
in machines
speci c task programmed to
General AI - Machine is similar to a human
The aim is to make
when doing one speci c task The aim is to build
machines learn
Strong AI - Machine has superior machines that think
through data
performance to a human in many tasks like humans
acquisitions
Characteristics of AI -
Collection of Data and Rules
Ability to Reason

Ability to learn and adapt

Types of AI
Recording your students' current level of
understanding will help you recall which chapters
require more attention before exam day.

CAIE IGCSE Add your syllabus progress status.

Computer
Science
0478

Theory

Data
Representation

Data
Transmission

Hardware

Software

The Internet

Automated and
Emerging
Technologies
Automated
Systems
Robotics
Artificial
Intelligence

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