A materials recovery facility or materials reclamation facility or materials recycling facility (MRF - pronounced "murf") is a specialized plant that

receives, separates and prepares recyclable materials for marketing to end-user manufacturers. Generally, there are two different types: clean and dirty MRFs.

Clean MRF
A clean MRF accepts recyclable commingled materials that have already been separated at the source from municipal solid waste generated by either residential or commercial sources. There are a variety of clean MRFs. The most common are single stream where all recyclable material is mixed, or dual stream MRFs, where source-separated recyclables are delivered in a mixed container stream (typically glass, ferrous metal, aluminum and other non-ferrous metals, PET [No.1] andHDPE [No.2] plastics) and a mixed paper stream, (including OCC, ONP, OMG, Office packs, junk mail, etc). Material is sorted to specifications, then baled, shredded, crushed, compacted, or otherwise prepared for shipment to market.

Dirty MRF

Manual material triage for recycling

A dirty MRF accepts a mixed solid waste stream and then proceeds to separate out designated recyclable materials through a combination of manual and mechanical sorting. The sorted recyclable materials may undergo further processing required to meet technical specifications established by end-markets while the balance of the mixed waste stream is sent to a disposal facility such as a landfill.

The percentage of residuals (unrecoverable recyclable or non-program materials) from a properly operated clean MRF supported by an effective public outreach and education program should not exceed 10% by weight of the total delivered stream and in many cases it can be significantly below 5%.[citation needed] A dirty MRF recovers between 5% and 45% of the incoming material as recyclables,[citation needed] then the remainder is landfilled or otherwise disposed. A dirty MRF can be capable of higher recovery rates than a clean MRF, since it ensures that 100% of the waste stream is subjected to the sorting process, and can target a greater number of materials for recovery than can usually be accommodated by sorting at the source. However, the dirty MRF process is necessarily labor-intensive, and a facility that accepts mixed solid waste is usually more challenging and more expensive to site. [edit]Wet

MRF

A wet materials recovery facility

New mechanical biological treatment technologies are now beginning to utilise wet MRFs.[1] This combines a dirty MRF with water, which acts to density separate and clean the output streams. It also hydrocrushes and dissolves biodegradable organics in solution to make them suitable for anaerobic digestion. [edit]History In the United States, modern MRF's began in the 1970s. Resource Recovery Systems, Inc. operated by Peter Karter was one of "the first materials recovery facilities (MRF) in the US." [2]

Waste MRFs Defined and Explained

What Happens Inside a Materials Recovery Facility
Materials Recovery (or Recycling) Facility In many towns and cities these days, each householder is provided with at least two bins, maybe more, for recycling. When you deposit materials into your green wheeled bin, they are collected by the refuse/recycling collections crews and taken to the MRF (Materials Recycling Facility) in some districts the rubbish placed in your black bin/bin liner goes direct to the landfill. The MRF is a large shed or several industrial buildings in a complex, where waste with several types of recyclable wastes (co-mingled as sorted by the householder) is sorted further, bulked up into load sizes suitable for transport, made ready for collection and transportation, sold, stored, and shipped to the buyers including some of the original manufacturers. However, more and more waste disposal authorities nowadays also process the residual or mixed waste bins (ie black plastic bag waste), as is required in Europe for example to achieve the high recycling rates required by the Waste Framework Directive and the Landfill Directive. When a MRF deals with only the bags (dry solid waste) which have been pre-segregated by the householders it is called a "Clean" MRF, but when the facility also breaks the mixed or "residual" waste bags or accepts mixed waste from commercial premises the MRF is called a "Dirty" MRF. The Materials Recycling Facility is made up of a series of conveyor belts and a mix of manual and automatic procedures to separate the materials and remove the items that we don't need. Sorting in a MRF Mixed and segregated recycled material is sorted as it passes through an MRF, where a combination of mechanical, optical and hand sorting techniques are employed to separate out different materials ready for recycling. A separating and sorting plant operator drives a loading shovel and loads the mixed material into a bag splitter where the material is allowed to discharge onto a conveyor system. Sorting and treatment follows, using mechanical processes so that recyclate, Refuse Derived Fuel (if included at the plant), and soil conditioner streams, as well as the rejected fraction of residual waste, are produced.

A trommel and screen separating process is very common as a first stage in these plants, and then the remaining mixed fraction is conveyed through a picking station for final sorting (by another team of waste operatives), and thence into various skips. The paper trommel usually traps about 70 per cent of paper and cardboard (and any large contaminants) which are are usally moved directly to a paper sorting line, and baled for dispatch. Baling machines are used to compress the large volume otherwise needed for the transport of cans and plastic bottles. Some MRF operators use an Eddy Current Separator for sorting out the aluminium cans. Electromagnets are the obvious choice for extracting steel cans. After sorting and baling plastic, glass, and metal containers, and processing paper and cardboard, the MRF operator, sells them to manufacturers who use the baled material as feedstock in manufacturing various products. The larger particles of aggregate are used mostly for road-making, for making hard standing areas and for general infill systems. Crushed glass can make excellent aggregate for roads and colourful aggregate for stylish patio designs. Development of soil recycling areas within the boundary of the landfill site to provide soil for land restoration from the soil entering the facility when segregated plus use of the dust fraction for soil making, may also also an option at some locations. Different MRF's operate in slightly different ways, but this gives you an idea of the sorting processes involved. Fully-Automated MRF's with fully automated systems are available which are said to offer higher throughputs, reduced operating and sorting costs, and consistently higher recovery levels. Household and Municipal Waste Municipal waste includes all wastes collected by the Waste Collection Authorities (WCAs), or their agents, such as all household waste, street litter, municipal parks and gardens waste, council office waste and some commercial and industrial waste. A total of about 30 million tonnes of this waste is collected from households in the UK each year. That's about 500 kg or half a tonne of household waste per person. Some households may not be within easy walking distance of a recycling bank and you may be forced to use a car, requiring energy and resources and cancelling out many of the environmental benefits of recycling. Most UK WCAs are in the process of building additional recycling facilities to provide more local reception points and a greater range of collection containers for improved segregation at each. Whilst it is difficult to monitor reduction and reuse schemes across all nations, councils and waste management companies do collect figures allowing us to note how much of collected waste is intended for recycling (or recovery) and how much for final disposal through landfill, and the recycling rate is rising just about everywhere. The tax imposed on waste disposal authorities and groups that dump household, industrial or commercial waste at landfill sites puts a commercial pressure on all businesses to minimise their waste.

The result is the collection of the following common materials that are sold and recycled in some way: Paper and cardboard Glass Plastic films and hard plastics Containers (plastics, aluminium and steel cans, glass) E-waste (computer and printers) Metals

Garden and green waste is increasingly being composted, and food waste is dealt with in the most environmentally sensitive, and with the highest security against disease transmission if sent to Anaerobic Digestion Plants, where energy recovery can be achieved. Energy Recovery Energy recovery is being achieved by incineration of wastes, production of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) from wastes (usually in MBT plants) , and through the sue of Anaerobic Digestion Plants (also called Biogas Digesters). Recycling is placed above energy recovery, in what is called the Waste Heirarchy (EU), with disposal being at the base of the hierarchy. However, the purpose of MRFs is that they provide a capability to sort, segregate and process the materials for off site recycling and recovery, assisting in the achievement of reducing the amount of waste going to landfill for disposal, and not to produce recovered energy. Where that is provided the plant is called an MBT (Mechanical Biological Treatment) plant. Glass Recycling centre employees sort the glass by colour -- green, brown, and clear. Practically all the glass is broken and hen used in the manufacture of new glass. This saves energy and reduce the consumption of raw materials. Plastic Plastic bottles are sorted for recycling by a combination of hi-tech equipment and highly skilled people. Plastic bottles can be turned into fleece jumpers, children's toys or garden furniture to name but a few of the many uses for recycled plastics. Sophisticated 'autosorts' use light to identify the plastic bottles and remove other unwanted items such as yoghurt pots with jets of compressed air. To the human sorter it is important to identify the type of plastic, which the autosort does by the lightwave. They must recognise the clear, rigid and strong plastic which is known as PET, PETE, or #1 plastic, and is identified by a #1 in the symbol on the bottom of the bottle. Plastic is made from oil products normally, it has a high calorific(heat) value when burned. It makes a lot of sense to burn it, in the cities where electricity is needed, and in combination with he hiogh efficiency of Combined Heat and Power installations, and make new plastic from more oil.

Cans Aluminium cans are separated by a small air current. Aluminium has a very high energy demand in its refining and manufacture so recycling it has a big benefit in energy saving and through that in reduced carbon dioxide emissions. Newspaper Paper gets turned into new paper products such as newspapers. Your MRF processes glass bottles and jars, plastic containers (soda bottles, milk and water jugs, and detergent bottles), aluminum cans, steel cans, bi-metal cans, and newspaper from 155,000 residences in the County. Batteries It is important that these are removed at source as far as possible as they are difficult to remove and recycle once in the waste. Cardboard It is important that the cardboard-related materials are placed out separate from other recyclables and not in blue boxes or other plastic containers as it has a much higher value for recycling when kept separate with a very low degree of contamination by other materials. Paper bags, brown envelopes, paper egg cartons and light weight boxboard tubes can also be included with cardboard or boxboard for recycling. A baler is an important inclusion for cardboard otherwise transport costs a high per tonne transported due to the low density of this material. Waste Electrical Goods Dedicated skips for wood, and or cages for WEEE (Waste Electronic and Electrical Equipment) sorted from the waste, is an important facility at every MRF and MBT Plant Disposal Society is now, for the first time ever, having to realise and cope with the fact that the non-biodegradable materials which comprise the largest proportion of our waste and of which the quantity continues to rise inexorably cannot be simply disposed of by throwing into holes in the ground, without very serious consequences. The need to reduce landfilling is driving waste management strategies. Improving the recycling rate is an essential part of this task and huge amounts of material can be diverted away from landfill by doing this. The following quotation is included below to emphasise this point:"More than a million tons of recyclable paper is thrown away in Massachusetts every year, at a disposal cost of more than $100 million," said Laurie Burt, Commissioner of the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP) at a recent news conference.

Throughout Europe, and many other nations, the driver for increased recycling and landfill diversion is not cost benfit or even sustainability or carbon emissions based. The Waste Regulations do not set out to ensure that the recycling which is done is done efficiently or in an environmentally sustainable manner. Instead, legally binding targets have been set which, regardless of sustainability or cost must be complied with. Of course, all those implementing the Waste Regulations do usually endeavour to ensure the cost value and best level of sustainability of their solutions. However, this is a secondary consideration to compliance with the targets. Costs for waste disposal are therefore bound to continue to rise very substantially above present costs. The cost of collection and disposal of household waste is met through taxation which is a burden on every one of us. Unfortunately, these costs are set to rise for probably at least the next 10 years, in order that recycling facilities of all types can be brought into use, operated and maintained.

Views inside a MRF

On Site Material Recovery Facility

Transparent, Cost Effective, Convenient

WARM is a pioneer in promoting the concept of On Site Material Recovery Facility (MRF). Realizing that customers/ generators need to focus on their core activity, WARM offers its integrated waste management services right at the customers/ generators backyard. WARM takes care of the entire chain of waste management services hauling, sorting, recycling, composting and final disposal. On Site MRF fills the need for a reliable, transparent and secure way of handling and disposing solid wastes. It likewise fills the need for a systematic, organized, and professional way of meeting the requirements of R. A. 9003 The Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000. Because it is an integrated service and because hidden risks and hidden costs are eliminated, On Site MRF also reduces the total cost of waste management.

SERVICES
For a stronger and separate focus on industrial and community waste management, WARM is set-up in three divisions the Recycling & Recovery Division (R&R), the Solid Waste Management Division (SWM) and the Centralized Material Recovery Facility Division (CMRF). Recycling & Recovery Division (R&R) A. Waste Recycling B. Natures Way C. Anaerobic Filter Bed Baffled Reactor D. Crusher-On-Wheels E. Scitsigol F. Customized Waste Management G. BF Converter Solid Waste Management Division (SWM) A. Pook Kalikasan B. Villa Organica Centralized Material Recovery Facility Division (CMRF) A. On site Material Recovery Facility

Materials Recovery Processes

Our MRF has recently undergone major re-developments. This was necessary due to the changes in the way in which the materials arrive at the facility. Householders of Carmarthenshire no longer have their kerbside collections segregated at the point of collection; they put all of their recyclable materials into Blue Bags for regular collections. The MRF was originally set up to receive a higher percentage of segregated materials but has now had to adapt in order to receive mixed recycling from about 70,000 households in Carmarthenshire, this equates to about 12,000 tonnes of Blue Bags per annum. All segregated materials that are delivered to our MRF are added to the bulked up loose recyclets that are already sorted within the facility but the majority of our material has not been subject to any prior segregation and it goes through a finely tuned process that enables a maximum recovery of recyclables. This process involves: Bag Splitter Pre-Sort Station Trommel Ballistic Separator Three Picking Lines Visual and Manual Operations Overhead Band Magnets Eddy Current Separator Baler

Follow the processing of your Blue Bag Recycling below: Blue Bags are delivered to our MRF and are offloaded onto the pile already delivered and awaiting the sorting process.

Blue Bags are then loaded onto a Tele-Handler and dropped into a Bag Splitter where the bags are ripped open so that the contents can be easily removed.

The next process moves the split bags along a conveyor belt and to the Pre-Sort Station. Here a team of men remove the Blue Bags from the belt. They are bulked up and baled, then sent back for reprocessing back into bags once again. At the Pre-Sort Station as much non recyclable material as possible is removed so that segregation is made easier.

As the material works its way along the conveyor belt it drops into a Trommel which is a revolving drum that has specially sized holes throughout to enable smaller recyclable materials such as plastic bottles and cans to pass through. Larger flat material such as paper and card continue through the Trommel and onto a negative picking line where any remaining contaminants are removed, the cardboard is manually picked and segregated by dropping it into chutes that directly fall into a cage to capture the cardboard. Paper travels to the end of the Picking Line and falls directly into bins specifically designated to capture the paper.

The majority of smaller recyclet that falls through the holes in the Trommel are referred to as 3D. This is because they are not flat they include plastic bottles and cans. However, there is also an element of small pieces or shredded paper, broken glass (this should not be in the Blue Bags) and other household waste that cannot be recycled. The small or shredded paper is captured via a vacuum bar and is sent over the negative picking line to drop off into the paper bin at the end. The 3D materials that fall through the Trommel enter a Ballistic Separator which further segregates the different types of materials. It has a moving floor and fans at one end which enable the segregation of different types of recyclable materials which it carries on to the appropriate picking line in the sorting process.

The MRF has 3 Picking Lines, the Trommel and Ballistic Separator guide the material onto the appropriate belt: Picking Line 1 - Larger plastic bottles and cans Picking Line 2 - Lighter plastics and cans plus small materials which have travelled through the process Picking Line 3 - Negative Picking Line. Large, Flat cardboard and paper (including shredded paper) travels along, only cardboard is removed, leaving the paper to fall off the end into a paper bin.

On each of the Picking Lines strategically placed staff know exactly what to remove i.e. plastic, cardboard. The process of spreading the pre sorted material over the 3 Picking Lines enables a far superior sort and makes for a more efficient and better quality end commodity for reprocessing.

The installation of Over Head Magnets attracts and sorts steel cans, whilst the Eddy Current Separator deflects the aluminum cans into a designated cage.

As the plastic bottles are removed they pass through a piercing machine. This has proved to be very beneficial when at a later time bulked plastics are baled as the air is able to escape which allows for far greater compaction, heavier bales and less transport requirements which is good for the environment. Once all of the materials have been segregated, they are stored and bulked up. All of the materials apart from paper is baled in readiness for loading and transporting to re-processing manufactures. Paper is transported in its loose form back to Paper Mills where it undergoes its recycling process.

Material Recycling Facility (MRF)

A materials recycling facility or municipal reclamation facility or materials recovery facility (MRF pronounced murf) is a specialized plant that receives, separates and prepares recyclable materials for marketing to end-user manufacturers. In general, there are two different types clean and dirty MRFs. A clean MRF accepts recyclable commingled materials that are already segregated at the source from MSW generated by either residential or commercial sources. A variety of clean MRFs includes a single stream where all recyclable material is mixed, or dual stream MRFs, where source-separated recyclables are delivered in a mixed container stream (typically glass, ferrous metal, aluminum and other non-ferrous metals) and a mixed paper stream. Material is sorted to specifications, then baled, shredded, crushed, or otherwise prepared for shipment to market. A dirty MRF accepts a mixed solid waste stream and then proceeds to separate out designated recyclable materials through a combination of mechanical and manual sorting. The recyclable materials that are sorted may undergo further processing required to meet technical specifications established by end-markets while the excess materials of the mixed waste stream is sent to a disposal facility such as a landfill.

An Innovation on Waste Disposal.

The necessity to lessen dumping on open landfills is motivating waste management solutions, by Improving the recycling rate as a vital part of this task. Huge amounts of waste certainly can be removed from landfill by doing this. Material Recycling Facilities (MRF) is a recent method of handling waste in the municipality; it encompasses a

huge shed or quite a few industrial buildings. Different kinds of recyclable wastes are sorted, bulked up into load sizes suitable for transport, made ready for collection and transportation, sold, stored, and shipped to the buyers including some of the original manufacturers. On the other hand, waste disposal authorities these days also process the residual or mixed waste. There are two types of waste segregated in MRF. One is the dry solid waste which have been presegregated by the house holds it is called a Clean MRF. Second is when the waste breaks down and processed by the recycling facility. The mixed or residual waste or accepted mixed waste from commercial premises is now called a Dirty MRF. The Materials Recycling Facility is made up of a series of conveyor belts and a mix of manual and automatic procedures to separate the materials and remove the items that is not needed. MRF operators report varying levels of recycling within their plants, however, the best are currently recycling approximately 75% of incoming waste and diverting it from landfill for reprocessing or recycling. The best results are being seen where local authorities have invested significantly in their Materials Recycling Facility (MRF). Waste Regulations are set out to ensure that the recycling which is done efficiently in an environmentally sustainable manner. Of course, all those implementing the Waste Regulations do usually endeavor to ensure the cost value and best level of sustainability of their solutions. However, this is a secondary consideration to compliance with the targets.

A Glimpse to Material Recycling Facility

MRF or Material Recycling Facility is a new waste technology, and comprises a large shed or several industrial buildings in a complex, where waste with several types of recyclable wastes (comingled as sorted by the householder) is sorted further, bulked up into load sizes suitable for transport, made ready for collection and transportation, sold, stored, and shipped to the buyers including some of the original manufacturers. When a MRF deals with only the bags (dry solid waste) which have been presegregated by the householders it is called a Clean MRF, but when the facility also breaks and process the mixed or residual waste bags or accepts mixed waste from commercial premises the MRF is called a Dirty MRF. The Materials Recovery Facility is made up of a series of conveyor belts and a mix of manual and automatic procedures to separate the materials and remove the items that we dont need. MRF operators report varying levels of recycling within their plants, however, the best are currently recycling approximately 75% of incoming waste and diverting it from Landfill for reprocessing or recycling. Recycling not only helps the environment but is a cost effective way of turning waste into cash.

Adverted Waste Crisis

Individuals are appalled to discover that waste can be turned into green energy aside from being recycled and sent back into the market. Most developed cities are trying to create a way to help reduce their waste and pollution problem that is caused by creating landfill sites around the world. This action has caused tremendous effects not only to the health of the people who live in those countries but as well as the environments. Most of the countries wherein they dispose their waste do not have the appropriate technology or resources to manage the waste that comes in. It is true that waste is one of the major causes of pollution in land, water and air. A new waste management technique is developing to convert waste to energy. Waste that is commonly found in landfill sites is now being processed in material recovery facilities, where it is converted into a cleaner energy that could serve as an alternative for fossil fuel and coal generated electricity. Waste to energy is achieved through the unique process used in the MRF facility. A material recovery facility (MRF) processes waste that is found in landfills. The MRF system will shred, screen and turn waste into a gaseous phase for feedstock that allows the feedstock to be converted into energy. These facilities break down waste into homogeneous components that reduces harmful impacts towards the environment. As waste is used as the main feedstock that is being fed into the thermal decomposition chamber, the solid substance is turned into a gaseous phase from combustion. It is an environmental shift from the past few methods of waste disposal techniques. Most MRF facilities are structured in municipalities that experiences scarcity in landfill space. The combustion of waste from material recovery facilities produces clean energy than creating fossil fuels. Success is not measured on how much waste is being eliminated and turned into clean energy, but how much is being utilized as an alternative energy source that is generated from waste that will diminish our reliance to fossil fuel and endowing eco friendly benefit is what success is all about. The proposition of generating and providing a cleaner and more cost efficient source of energy may reduce the damaging effects of climate change. Extracting waste and turning it into a safer source of energy is a complex and diverse process that could dramatically change our world today.

The Engineer of Natural Resource Recovery

In most growing cities, we find it amusing that the splendid growth in the economy could produce remarkable infrastructure and technologies that could make our daily lives a lot easier. As these advancements progress, the amount of waste we generate turns out to be tenfold. An Increasing number of rubbish is being dumped, in various

municipal landfill sites, taking up time to be processed and recycled back into the system. Despite this approach, waste continues to augment and requires more space than necessary. Material recovery facilities are found near landfill sites to convert waste to energy. In a not so distant past, waste disposal is done through incineration, recycling and composting. This process aims to reduce the amount of waste that is being dumped into landfill sites. The former methods of proper waste management could no longer sustain the amount of waste that man produces. Waste to energy recovery, through MRF facilities is playing a huge role in conserving the environment. As studies has shown 87% of waste, could be found in landfill sites, can be recovered and turned into clean energy. Material recovery facilities (MRF) are built to meet the mandated landfill disposal requirements wherein it separates recyclable materials such as paper, plastics, glass, yard waste, before the conversion of waste to energy. These facilities use different methods to achieve energy conversion. The gasification process is considered the future for processing waste to energy. This unique method takes the place of incineration; however, it does not emit harmful greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. A material recovery facility uses the gasification process to break down waste feedstock during the conversion of energy from waste method. Its key role is to endow an environmental sound conversion of waste to energy without exhausting our resources and adding up to the pollution that worsens the effects of global warming. The recovery of energy from waste proves to be one of the best sources of cost efficient and sustainable energy today. The enhanced method used in redeeming a sustainable energy source is considered a diamond in the rough. There are more problems out there that are waiting to be solved. In conclusion its contributing is a significant aspect that will lead to one positive effect after another.

Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs)

Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs) play an important role in diverting material away from landfill and maximising the value of recyclable material recovered from waste. With over 80 Municipal MRFs operating across the UK and around half of the local authorities operating some form of co-mingled collection of dry recyclable materials, understanding the performance of these facilities and where improvements can be made is of paramount importance. There is also an upward trend in the quantity of non-municipal waste (Commercial and Industrial (C&I) and Construction and Demolition (C&D)) being managed through MRFs in an attempt to reduce disposal costs. SKM Enviros have a strong technical MRF capability with experience working on a range of MRFs handling Household, Commercial and Industrial and Construction and Demolition wastes. These studies have addressed a range of issues such as; Waste composition surveys Scoping surveys, Feasibility surveys Technology review, Need and capacity assessments National assessment on the material composition of the input, output and residual material at municipal MRFs.

For more information on the provision of technical support, or undertaking material quality and mass flow assessments, please contact us. Case Studies: Our recent projects as part of the WRAP MRF programme include:

Impact on material quality - assessment of on site segregation versus MRF process for C&D waste Residual waste composition assessment of C&D MRF in the UK Feasibility study - addition of new materials to co-mingled municipal MRF in the UK Municipal MRF Quality Threshold Assessment in England, Wales and Northern Ireland

Materials Recovery Facility (Clean MRF)

A MRF is a facility at which components of a mixed waste stream, in this case of co-mingled dry recyclables are extracted by the use of mechanical separation techniques. MRFs may be high and low technology facilities, depending on the sophistication of plant and equipment employed and the numbers of staff working in the operation of the process. There has been a steady increase in the numbers of Materials Recovery (or Recycling) Facilities in the UK as more separate recyclate collections have been introduced and overall recycling tonnages have increased. Materials Recovery Facilities employ a system of conveyors which carry the recyclables over sorting screens or other sorting mechanisms (e.g. inclined tables, air classifiers) which divide the components of the dry recyclates and these pass over magnetic and eddy current separators and may incorporate advanced optical materials recognition equipment which can separate out different types of plastics from the recyclate. There will typically be a significant element of hand-sorting of materials in addition to the automatic extraction of materials as part of the separation process. View this video of a MRF in operation in Cardiff, Wales, UK, and see the mechanised loading, picking, separation and sorting equipment typical of these facilities, in operation. More about the Lamby

Way MRF.

Post sorting of materials there is a bulking and storage function of an MRF whereby balers are used to compress the recyclate into dense bales for transport to a materials reprocessor. There will always be a minor rejection element of contrary materials passing through the plant which cannot be easily recycled and therefore will typically go to landfill. Schematic of Inputs and Outputs of a typical Clean MRF

Typical capacity: 3,000 tpa - 100,000 tpa Land requirements: 0.8 - 2 Ha Ca n Capital costs Estimated costs to be in the attr range of (See full report) depending on complexity of the process and equipment act employed ma Operating costs: Estimated (See full report) teri per tonne al Staffing requirements: vary greatly depending fro on the size and the technology of facility, m anything from 15 to 85 staff. bot Ca h n bri pro ng vid Strengths and Weaknesses of Clean MRFs & e ker wo St W Ca bsi rk re ea n de op Hi Ex ng kn sig col por gh po th es nif Pot lec tun Pot pro sed s se ica ent tio itie ent ces to s ntl ial n Re s ial sin ma Re cy y du sys lia for for fir g rke lie cla co st te nc dis rev e eff t s Se te ntr em ms e ad en ris ici flu on cur ge ibu Pr issi , on va ues k en ctu ho ity ner te ov on inc eff nta fro cy ati use of all to en s lud ici ge m on hol inp y me un an ing en d sal sto s der ut of eti der d so cy sec e rag s ma rel ng wo he me of tor of e to teri ati hig rld alt co me s ma of par als vel Issues h m ch of teri ma Other tici req y rec wi iss me ani the als teri Materials Recovery Facilities are an important component of a modern waste management infrastructure. They are not required however where pat uir Clean hig ycl de ues rci cal co als e ed h ing co for al eq m/ on qu tar ndi wo ind uip mu sit alit get tio rke ust me nit e s ns rs rial nt y