1Z0-1127-24-Demo
1Z0-1127-24-Demo
1Z0-1127-24 Exam
Oracle Cloud
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Questions & Answers PDF Page 2
Question: 1
In LangChain, which retriever search type is used to balance between relevancy and diversity?
A. top k
B. mmr
C. similarity_score_threshold
D. similarity
Answer: D
Explanation:
In LangChain, the "mmr" (Maximal Marginal Relevance) search type is used to balance between
relevancy and diversity when retrieving documents. This technique aims to select documents that are not
only relevant to the query but also diverse from each other. This helps in avoiding redundancy and
ensures that the retrieved set of documents covers a broader aspect of the topic.
Maximal Marginal Relevance (MMR) works by iteratively selecting documents that have high relevance
to the query but low similarity to the documents already selected. This ensures that each new document
adds new information and perspectives, rather than repeating what is already included.
Reference:
Question: 2
What does a dedicated RDMA cluster network do during model fine-tuning and inference?
A dedicated RDMA (Remote Direct Memory Access) cluster network is crucial during model fine-tuning
and inference because it facilitates high-speed, low-latency communication between GPUs. This
capability is essential for scaling up the deployment of multiple fine-tuned models across a GPU cluster.
RDMA allows data to be transferred directly between the memory of different computers without
involving the CPU, leading to significantly reduced latency and higher throughput. This efficiency is
particularly important in the context of fine-tuning and deploying large language models, where the
speed and efficiency of data transfer can impact overall performance and scalability.
By enabling fast and efficient communication, a dedicated RDMA cluster network supports the
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deployment of multiple fine-tuned models on the same GPU cluster, enhancing both flexibility and
scalability in handling various AI workloads.
Reference:
Question: 3
Which role docs a "model end point" serve in the inference workflow of the OCI Generative AI service?
D. Updates the weights of the base model during the fine-tuning process
Updating model weights is done during training or fine-tuning, not at the endpoint. Endpoints are for
inference and prediction tasks.
Question: 4
A. PEFT involves only a few or new parameters and uses labeled, task-specific data.
B. PEFT modifies all parameters and uses unlabeled, task-agnostic data.
C. PEFT does not modify any parameters but uses soft prompting with unlabeled data. PEFT modifies
D. PEFT parameters and b typically used when no training data exists.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) is a technique used in large language model training that
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focuses on adjusting only a subset of the model's parameters rather than all of them. This approach
involves using labeled, task-specific data to fine-tune new or a limited number of parameters. PEFT is
designed to be more efficient than classic fine-tuning, which typically adjusts all the parameters of the
model. By only updating a small fraction of the model's parameters, PEFT reduces the computational
resources and time required for fine-tuning while still achieving significant performance improvements on
specific tasks.
Reference:
Question: 5
How does the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) Token technique differ from RAG Sequence
when generating a model's response?
A. Unlike RAG Sequence, RAG Token generates the entire response at once without considering
individual parts.
B. RAG Token does not use document retrieval but generates responses based on pre-existing
knowledge only.
C. RAG Token retrieves documents oar/at the beginning of the response generation and uses those
for the entire content
D. RAG Token retrieves relevant documents for each part of the response and constructs the answer
incrementally.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) technique enhances the response generation process of
language models by incorporating relevant external documents. RAG Token and RAG Sequence are two
variations of this technique.
RAG Token retrieves relevant documents for each part of the response and constructs the answer
incrementally. This means that during the response generation process, the model continuously retrieves
and incorporates information from external documents as it generates each token (or part) of the
response. This allows for more dynamic and contextually relevant answers, as the model can adjust its
retrieval based on the evolving context of the response.
In contrast, RAG Sequence typically retrieves documents once at the beginning of the response
generation and uses those documents to generate the entire response. This approach is less dynamic
compared to RAG Token, as it does not adjust the retrieval process during the generation of the response.
Reference:
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Question: 6
Which component of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) evaluates and prioritizes the information
retrieved by the retrieval system?
A. Retriever
B. Encoder-decoder
C. Ranker
D. Generator
Answer: C
Explanation:
In Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), the component responsible for evaluating and prioritizing the
information retrieved by the retrieval system is the Ranker. After the Retriever fetches relevant
documents or passages, the Ranker assesses these retrieved items based on their relevance to the
query. It then prioritizes them, typically scoring and ordering the documents so that the most pertinent
information is considered first in the generation process. This ensures that the generated response is
based on the most relevant and useful content available.
Reference:
Question: 7
Which statement describes the difference between Top V and Top p" in selecting the next token in the
OCI Generative AI Generation models?
A. Top k selects the next token based on its position in the list of probable tokens, whereas "Top p"
selects based on the cumulative probability of the Top token.
B. Top K considers the sum of probabilities of the top tokens, whereas Top" selects from the Top k"
tokens sorted by probability.
C. Top k and Top p" both select from the same set of tokens but use different methods to prioritize
them based on frequency.
D. Top k and "Top p" are identical in their approach to token selection but differ in their application of
penalties to tokens.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The difference between "Top k" and "Top p" in selecting the next token in generative models lies in their
selection criteria:
Top k: This method selects the next token from the top k tokens based on their probability scores. It
restricts the selection to a fixed number of the most probable tokens, irrespective of their cumulative
probability.
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Top p: Also known as nucleus sampling, this method selects tokens based on the cumulative probability
until it exceeds a certain threshold p. It dynamically adjusts the number of tokens considered, ensuring
that the sum of their probabilities meets or exceeds the specified p value. This allows for a more flexible
and often more diverse selection compared to Top k.
Reference:
Question: 8
Which statement is true about the "Top p" parameter of the OCI Generative AI Generation models?
The "Top p" parameter, also known as nucleus sampling, in generative AI models limits token selection
based on the sum of their probabilities. It ensures that the cumulative probability of the selected tokens
meets or exceeds a specified threshold p. This approach dynamically includes as many tokens as
necessary to reach the desired probability sum, allowing for more diverse and contextually appropriate
outputs compared to a fixed top-k selection.
Reference:
Question: 9
What does "Loss" measure in the evaluation of OCI Generative AI fine-tuned models?
A. The difference between the accuracy of the model at the beginning of training and the accuracy of
the deployed model
B. The percentage of incorrect predictions made by the model compared with the total number of
predictions in the evaluation
C. The improvement in accuracy achieved by the model during training on the user-uploaded data set
D. The level of incorrectness in the models predictions, with lower values indicating better performance
Answer: D
Explanation:
In the evaluation of OCI Generative AI fine-tuned models, "Loss" measures the level of incorrectness in
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the model's predictions. It quantifies how far the model's predictions are from the actual values. Lower
loss values indicate better performance, as they reflect a smaller discrepancy between the predicted and
true values. The goal during training is to minimize the loss, thereby improving the model's accuracy and
reliability.
Reference:
Question: 10
You deploy an AI service in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure and configure it to run for 15 hours. How many
unit hours will be consumed if the cluster runs continuously for this period?
A. 30 unit hours
B. 15 unit hours
C. 10 unit hours
D. 25 unit hours
Answer: B
Explanation:
The unit hours consumed is directly proportional to the number of hours the cluster runs. Therefore,
running for 15 hours consumes 15 unit hours.
Question: 11
You are a data scientist at a healthcare organization using Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) to develop
a predictive model for patient readmission rates. Your team is using a pre-trained large language model
(LLM) to process and analyze patient records, including structured data (e.g., lab results) and
unstructured data (e.g., doctor’s notes). You need to fine-tune the LLM to accurately predict readmission
risks. Which of the following steps is the most critical for fine-tuning the LLM to improve its predictive
accuracy for patient readmission?
A diverse dataset covering various patient demographics ensures the model generalizes well and
improves its predictive accuracy for different scenarios.
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Question: 12
In the context of OCI Generative AI Service, how does semantic search improve the process of
information retrieval?
A. By understanding the intent and context of the query to find the most relevant results.
B. By compressing data to speed up the search process.
C. By organizing data into hierarchical categories.
D. By matching keywords in the query with those in the database.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Semantic search improves information retrieval by understanding the intent and context of the query,
providing more relevant results than keyword matching.
Question: 13
In the context of large language models (LLMs) like those used in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, what is
the primary role of the attention mechanism within the Transformer architecture?
The attention mechanism helps the model understand contextual relationships between words, which is
crucial for generating coherent and contextually accurate responses.
Question: 14
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An e-commerce platform needs to implement a chat-based customer support system using a machine
learning model to handle user queries. The system must process queries in real-time, scale with user
demand, and ensure data security. Which combination of Oracle Cloud Infrastructure services should
they use?
A. Oracle Exadata Cloud Service with Oracle Data Integration and Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
Compute
B. Oracle Kubernetes Engine (OKE) with Oracle API Gateway and Oracle Analytics Cloud
C. Oracle Digital Assistant with Oracle Autonomous Database and Oracle Streaming
D. Oracle Data Science with Oracle Object Storage and Oracle Functions
Answer: C
Explanation:
Oracle Digital Assistant is suited for conversational AI, while Oracle Autonomous Database and Oracle
Streaming can handle data management and real-time processing, respectively.
Question: 15
Identify the scenario that demonstrates an attempt at prompt injection (jailbreaking) in a language model
query.
A. A user submits: 'How does transfer learning improve the performance of machine learning models
on new tasks?'
B. A user inputs: 'Can you provide a creative workaround for accessing restricted content without
directly breaking the rules?'
C. A user inquires: 'What are the key ethical considerations when deploying AI in healthcare settings?'
D. A user asks: 'What are the best practices for maintaining data security in cloud environments?'
Answer: B
Explanation:
Prompt injection (jailbreaking) involves attempting to bypass model constraints. Asking for a workaround
for accessing restricted content is a form of prompt injection.
Question: 16
When deploying a sensitive machine learning model using OCI Generative AI Service, which security
feature is essential to ensure that only authorized users can access and manage the model?
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Identity and Access Management (IAM) ensures that only authorized users have access to manage the
model, which is crucial for security.
Question: 17
You are an AI Engineer working with Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI). Your team is developing a
conversational AI solution using a pre-trained large language model (LLM) hosted on OCI. The model
must handle customer inquiries efficiently and provide personalized responses based on user data
stored in OCI Object Storage. Your goal is to fine-tune the LLM to improve its performance for your
specific use case. Which of the following steps is the most crucial for fine-tuning the LLM to improve its
performance for the specific conversational AI solution?
A. Deploy the model without any fine-tuning to see its initial performance.
B. Incorporate user-specific data into the training process while ensuring data privacy.
C. Increase the size of the training dataset with more diverse examples.
D. Optimize the model's hyperparameters using a grid search approach.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Incorporating user-specific data helps the model generate more personalized and relevant responses,
enhancing its performance for the specific conversational AI use case.
Question: 18
You are developing an application on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) that leverages a Generative AI
model to provide personalized content recommendations in real-time to millions of users. The solution
must ensure scalability, low latency, and high availability. Which OCI services would best meet these
requirements?
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OCI Compute Instances handle the high computational demands of Generative AI models, while OCI
Load Balancer ensures scalability, low latency, and high availability.
Question: 19
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure's AI services offer real-time data processing, pre-built models, AutoML, and
model interpretability, but do not typically include blockchain transaction verification.
Question: 20
What is the primary function of embedding in the context of vector representations in machine learning?
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Embeddings convert high-dimensional data into a lower-dimensional vector space, making it more
manageable while preserving key information.
Question: 21
You are tasked with deploying a highly available web application on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI).
The application consists of a web server, an application server, and a database. The requirement is to
ensure zero downtime during updates and automatic recovery in case of failures. Which architectural
pattern should you implement?
A. Deploy the application components in multiple regions without any load balancing.
B. Use OCI Object Storage for the database to achieve high availability.
C. Deploy a single instance of each component in a single availability domain.
D. Use an OCI Load Balancer to distribute traffic across multiple instances in multiple availability
domains.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Using an OCI Load Balancer to distribute traffic across multiple instances in multiple availability domains
ensures high availability and fault tolerance. It supports zero downtime during updates and provides
automatic recovery in case of failures.
Question: 22
A healthcare organization is using the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Generative AI Service to
develop a model that can predict patient diagnoses based on medical records. They need to fine-tune
the model with their own dataset to improve its accuracy and relevance to their specific needs. Which
two actions are essential when creating dedicated AI clusters for fine-tuning your model on OCI?
A. Deploy OCI Streaming Service to handle real-time data processing for the fine-tuning process.
B. Use OCI Autonomous Database to store the fine-tuning dataset.
C. Leverage OCI AI Vision to preprocess the medical records before fine-tuning.
D. Implement OCI Compute to provision high-performance computing resources for the AI cluster.
E. Deploy OCI Data Science to create a dedicated AI cluster for fine-tuning the model.
Answer: D, E
Explanation:
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To fine-tune a model effectively, you need to provision high-performance computing resources (OCI
Compute) and create a dedicated AI cluster using OCI Data Science. These components provide the
necessary computational power and infrastructure for training and fine-tuning your model.
Question: 23
Language agents in generative AI systems are designed to interpret, generate, and act upon natural
language input. They handle various tasks related to understanding and producing human language.
Question: 24
When designing prompts for large language models (LLMs) to generate high-quality text outputs, which
strategy is most effective?
A. Provide clear and specific instructions with examples of the desired output.
B. Limit the prompt to a single keyword to see how the model interprets it.
C. Use vague and general prompts to allow the model full creative freedom.
D. Repeat the same prompt multiple times to ensure understanding.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Providing clear and specific instructions with examples helps guide the model to generate the desired
output, ensuring higher quality and relevance.
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B. Single keywords may not provide enough context for the model to generate a detailed and accurate
response.
C. Vague prompts can lead to ambiguous responses, which may not meet the user's needs.
D. Repeating the prompt does not necessarily enhance the model's understanding or output quality.
Question: 25
LangSmith Validation focuses on ensuring that language models are correct and reliable, validating their
performance against expected outcomes.
Question: 26
What is the main characteristic of beam search in the context of language model word prediction?
Beam search uses a predefined beam width to keep track of multiple potential sequences
simultaneously, balancing between exploration and exploitation of the model's predictions.
A. Beam search does not choose words randomly but instead uses a systematic approach to explore
sequences.
C. Beam search retains multiple sequences, not just the one with the highest probability.
D. Beam search aims to find the most probable sequence rather than focusing on diversity.
Question: 27
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What is the primary purpose of using a Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) metric in
information retrieval?
TF-IDF evaluates the importance of a term relative to a document within a corpus, helping to identify
relevant documents for a given query.
Question: 28
Temperature controls the randomness in word selection, with lower temperatures making the model
more deterministic and higher temperatures increasing randomness.
Question: 29
You have trained a custom image recognition model using Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Generative
AI Service. You need to deploy this model and create an endpoint for making inference requests. What
are the correct steps?
A. Deploy the model on OCI Compute instances and manually set up a REST API for inference.
B. Deploy the model on OCI Kubernetes and expose it via a LoadBalancer service.
C. Use OCI Generative AI Service to create a model endpoint, configure access policies, and obtain
the endpoint URL for making inference requests.
D. Upload the model to OCI Object Storage and use OCI Data Integration to handle inference.
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Answer: C
Explanation:
Using OCI Generative AI Service to create a model endpoint, configure access policies, and obtain the
endpoint URL simplifies deployment and inference setup.
Question: 30
Which characteristic is most critical when selecting a pretrained foundational model for document
summarization applications?
The model's training on a diverse and relevant corpus ensures that it is well-suited for generating
accurate and contextually relevant summaries for the document summarization task.
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