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Load transformer test helper

Load transformer

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15 views4 pages

Load transformer test helper

Load transformer

Uploaded by

reemoq.bah5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Load Test of a Single-phase Transformer

Objective:

Determination the load characteristics of the transformer.

Tools of Experiment:

1\times110V/220V single phase transformer.

1\times AC power supply (0-250V).

4 x AVOmeters.

1 x Wattmeter.

Variable load (0-1000 resistor).

Connection wires.

Connection Diagram:

Procedure:

1. Connect the transformer as shown in the figure but at no load.


2. Vary the input voltage until Virv reached its rated value.

3. Connect the load and vary the load in steps and record the values of ILV, V_{LV_{1}} PIA, IHV and VHV
for each step at the load until ILV reached to its rated value.

4. For each load step calculate P_{\bullet uts} and n of the transformer.

5. Calculate the regulation of the transformer at full load from the test readings.

6. Compute the regulation of unity p.f using the results of the no load and short circuit tests and
compare the values obtained with those obtained in (5). Comment on the difference.

7. Plot curves of P_{in_{1}} τη and VHV against Pout.

Graphs:

1. Plot curve for P_{ln} Y-axis) against Pout (X-axis)..

2. Plot curve for η (Y-axis) against Pout (X-axis).

3. Plot curve for VHV (Y-axis) against Pour (X-axis).

Conclusion:

Conclusion
The Load Test of a Single-Phase Transformer experiment provided valuable insights into the
performance characteristics of a transformer under varying load conditions. By connecting a variable
resistance load to the transformer's secondary winding, we measured key parameters such as input
power (), output power (), input voltage (), output voltage (), input current (), and output current ().

Through these measurements, we evaluated the following:

1. Efficiency: The efficiency of the transformer was calculated at different load conditions, highlighting its
ability to minimize losses and transfer electrical power effectively.

2. Voltage Regulation: The impact of increasing load current on secondary voltage was analyzed,
demonstrating the role of winding impedance in causing voltage drops.

3. Losses: Both core losses (from the open-circuit test) and copper losses (from the short-circuit test)
were identified and quantified. These losses helped us understand how they affect the overall
performance of the transformer.

This experiment underscored the practical application of transformer theory, emphasizing the
importance of impedance, power factor, and load conditions in real-world operations. The results
aligned well with theoretical expectations, validating the efficiency and reliability of transformers in
electrical systems.

This hands-on experience reinforced key concepts of transformer operation, preparing us for more
advanced applications in power systems.

Discussion:

1. Calculate the efficiency of the transformer and evaluate where the losses are.

2. Why does the load voltage decreased while increasing the load current?
A transformer transfers power from the primary coil to the secondary coil. Since the
power must stay the same, if the voltage increases, the current must decrease.
Likewise, if the voltage decreases, the current must increase. That's because it's
the change of the magnetic field created by the primary coil that induces voltage in
the secondary coil.

3. Calculate the voltage regulation at full load while the load is:

(a) 0.8 power factor lagging.

(b) unity power factor.

(c) 0.8 power factor leading.

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