MODEL EXAMINATION, 2022

GENERAL SCIENCE

Name: Max. Marks: 80 marks

Class: X Duration: 3 hrs.
Sec: Date: 24.11.2022
General instructions:
i. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
ii. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some
questions. A student is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
iii. Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 1 mark each.
iv. Section B consists of 6 very short answer type questions carrying 02 marks each.
Answers to these questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
v. Section C consists of 7 short answer type questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers
to these questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words
vi. Section D consists of 3 long answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. The
answer to these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
vii. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks
each with sub-parts.

SECTION – A
Select and write one most appropriate option out of the four options given for
each of the questions 1 – 20

1. Which of the following statements is correct about an aqueous solution of an acid 1

and of a base?
i. Higher the pH, stronger the acid
ii. Higher the pH, weaker the acid
iii. Lower the pH, stronger the base
iv. Lower the pH, weaker the base
a. (i) and (iii)
b. (ii) and (iii)

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 c. (i) and (iv)
d. (ii) and (iv)
2. A student takes 4 ml of distilled water in each of the four test tubes I, II, III and IV, 1
and then dissolves an equal amount of four different salts namely NaCl in tube I,
CaCl2 in tube II, MgCl2 in tube III and KCl in tube IV. He then adds 8 drops of the
given soap solution to each test tube and shakes the contents of the test 10 times. In
which test tubes will enough lather (foam) be formed?
a. I and II
b. II and III
c. I and IV
d. III and IV
3. When hydrogen sulphide gas is passed through a blue solution of copper sulphate, a 1
black precipitate of copper sulphide is obtained, and the sulphuric acid so formed
remains in the solution. The reaction is an example of:
a. a combination reaction
b. a double displacement reaction
c. a decomposition reaction
d. a double decomposition reaction
4. Identify the functional group present in C2H4O. 1
a. Ketone
b. Alcohol
c. Carboxylic acid
d. Aldehyde
5. When hydrogen chloride gas is prepared on a humid day, the gas is usually passed 1
through the guard tube containing calcium chloride. The role of calcium chloride
taken in the guard tube is to
a. absorb the evolved gas
b. moisten the gas
c. absorb moisture from the gas
d. absorb Cl– ions from the evolved gas

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6. An aluminium strip is kept immersed in freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution 1
taken in a test tube.The change observed is that
a. green solution becomes colourless
b. lower end of the test tube become slightly warm
c. a colourless gas with the smell of burning sulphur is evolved.
d. light green solution changes to blue.
7. Solder is an alloy made up of: 1
a. Copper and zinc
b. Copper and tin
c. Iron and copper
d. Tin and lead
8. A student sets up an experiment to study the role of enzymes in the digestion of 1
food. In which test tube will the digestion of protein occur?

a. Test tube A, as pepsin will breakdown proteinss into simple molecules.

b. Test tube B, as HCl will breakdown protein into simple molecules.
c. Test tube A, as pepsin will breakdown into simple molecules.
d. Test tube B, as HCl will activate pepsin for breakdown of proteins into
simple molecules.
9. A student sets up an experiment to study human respiration using lime water, a test 1
tube and a straw. Lime water is colourless in the absence of CO2 and milky in its
presence. The student fills freshly prepared limewater in a test tube and blows air
through a straw into the limewater. It was observed that the solution turns cloudy as
shown.
What can be evaluated from this observation?

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 a. Oxygen is exhaled during respiration.
b. Water vapour is produced during respiration.
c. Carbon dioxide is exhaled during respiration.
d. Glucose is produced during respiration.
10. In a dihybrid cross, four phenotypes form in the ratio of 9 : 3 : 3 : 1, because of
a. dominance of one phenotype in each pair of contrasting traits
b. independent assortment of the genes of contrasting traits 1
c. crossing over of genes
d. mixed effect of dominance and independent assortment.
11. The image shows the structure of a neuron.

After our nose senses a smell, which option shows the mechanism by which the
sense is transmitted in our body?
a. olfactory receptors-- dendritic tip of a nerve cell—axon-- nerve ending--
release of signal-- dendritic tip of another nerve cell
b. olfactory receptors-- dendritic tip of a nerve cell-- axon- cell body-- release
of signal-- dendritic tip of another nerve cell

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 c. gustatory receptors-- dendritic tip of a nerve cell-- cell body-- axon--
release of signal-- dendritic tip of another nerve cell
d. gustatory receptors-- dendritic tip of a nerve cell-- axon-- cell body--
release of signal-- dendritic tip of another nerve cell
12. Study the diagram given and answer the questions that
follow:
The role of the part labelled as B is:
a. transport of male gametes to the ovary 1
b. transport of female gametes to the ovary
c. contains ovules which develop into seeds
d. all of these
13. The stars appear to shift from their actual positions due to the phenomenon of:
a. diffraction of light
b. scattering of light 1
c. refraction of light
d. reflection of light
14. The time difference between the actual sunset and the apparent sunset is about 1
a. 2 min
b. 3 min
c. 4 min
d. 5 min
15. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the propagation of different 1
colours of white light in air?
a. Red light moves fastest
b. Blue light moves faster than green light
c. All the colours of the white light move at the same speed
d. Yellow light moves at the same mean speed as that of the red and violet
lights

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16. The image shows the dispersion of the white light in the prism. 1

What will be the colours of X, Y and Z?

a. X: green; Y: violet; Z: red
b. X: violet; Y: green; Z: red
c. X: red; Y: violet; Z: green
d. X: red; Y: green; Z: violet

Q. no 17 to 20 are Assertion - Reasoning based questions.

These consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these
questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:
a. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true
17. Assertion: C3H8 and C4H10 are successive members of homologous 1
series of alkanes.
Reason: Any two successive members of a homologous series differ in the
molecular formula by a CH3 unit.
18. Assertion: A zygote with two X chromosomes develops into a boy. 1
Reason: If the egg cell carrying an X chromosome fuses with the sperm carrying a
Y chromosome, the resulting child would be a boy.
19. Assertion: Respiration in living beings is called an exothermic reaction. 1
Reason: Respiration in living beings involves the absorption of heat energy.

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20. Assertion(A): When two bulbs are operated on the same voltage supply, having 1
powers 60W and 100W, then the 100W bulb has less resistance than 60W.
Reason(R):The power of the bulb is directly proportional to the square of the
voltage.
SECTION – B
Q. no. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions.
21. Astha has been collecting silver coins and copper coins. One day she observed a 2
black coating on the silver coins and a green coating on the copper coins. Which
chemical phenomenon is responsible for these coatings? Write the chemical names
of black and green coatings.
OR
Arun took zinc, aluminium, copper, iron, magnesium and sodium metals and put
each metal in cold water and then hot water. He also made the metal react with
steam.
a. Name the metal, which reacts with cold water.
b. Which of the above metals react with steam?
c. Name the metal which reacts with hot water.
d. Arrange these metals in order of increasing reactivity.
22. a. Differentiate between sensory neurons and motor neurons.
b. Name the part of the brain responsible for precision of voluntary actions and
maintaining body posture and balance of the body.
23. Give reasons for the following: 2
a. Why is diffusion not sufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of all the cells
in multicellular organisms?
b. How do desert plants perform photosynthesis if their stomata remain closed
during the day?
24. Write two different ways in which glucose is oxidized to provide energy in the 2
human body. Write the products formed in each case.
25. Write two differences between direct current and alternating current. State two
important advantages of using alternating current.

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 OR 2
What is short-circuiting? State one factor/ condition that can lead to it. Name a
device in the household that acts as a safety measure for it.
26. a. Create a food chain of the following organisms: 2
- Insect, Hawk, Grass, Snake, Frog
b. If 10,000 J of energy is available to frogs, how much energy will be available to
snakes in the food chain.
SECTION - C
Q.no. 27 to 33 are short answer questions
27. In the formation of a compound between two atoms A and B, A loses two electrons 3
and B gains one electron.
a. What is the nature of the bond between A and B?
b. Suggest the formula of the compound formed between A and B.
c. Draw the electron dot diagram to show the formation of MgCl2
compound.
28. When CO2 gas passes through a saturated solution of ammoniacal brine, two 3
compounds, X and Y are formed. Y is used as an antacid and decomposes to form
another solid Z. Identify X, Y, Z and write the chemical equations for the reactions.
29. Define the term ‘transpiration’. Design an experiment to demonstrate this process.
OR 3
Name the three types of blood vessels. Give one important feature of each.
30. a. Draw a ray diagram to show the refraction of light through a glass slab and 3
mark the angle of refraction and the lateral shift suffered by the ray of light
while passing through the slab.
b. If the refractive index of glass for light going from air to glass is 3/2, find the
refractive index of air for light going from glass to air.
31. A bulb is rated at 200V - 40W, what is its resistance? Five such bulbs are lighted for 3
5 hours. Calculate the electrical energy consumed. Find the cost if the rate is 5.10
per KWh.

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32. Explain whether an alpha particle will experience any force in a magnetic field if:
a. it is placed in the field at rest.
b. it moves in the magnetic field parallel to field lines.
c. it moves in the magnetic field perpendicular to field lines.
OR 3
You are given a strong bar magnet and a magnetic compass needle. Describe an
activity by which the magnetic field lines due to the bar magnet can be drawn.
33. Define an ecosystem. Draw a block diagram to show the flow of energy in an 3
ecosystem.
SECTION - D
Q.no. 34 to 36 are Long answer questions
34. a. Distinguish between esterification and saponification reactions with the help of
chemical equations for each.
b. One of the commercially important carbon compounds is ethanol. Mention its
two uses.
OR 5
a. What is the difference between soaps and detergents? [Write 2 differences]
b. Explain the cleansing action of soap in removing dirt from fabric.
35. a. List two preparations shown by the uterus in anticipation of pregnancy in
humans.
b. In human beings, what happens when
i. egg is fertilized?
ii. egg in not fertilized
c. Describe the structure and function of the placenta.
OR 5
a. Identify the modes of asexual reproduction in each of the following:
i. Hydra
ii. Planaria

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 iii. Amoeba
iv. Spirogyra
v. Rhizopus
b. List three advantages of vegetative propagation.
c. Why can fertilization not take place in flowers if pollination does not occur?
36. a. Define power of a lens and write its SI unit.
b. You are provided with two convex lenses of focal lengths of 15 cm and 25 cm
respectively. Which of the two has greater power? Give reason for your answer.
c. A 20 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens
of focal length 10 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 15 cm. Find
the nature, position and size of the image. Also find its magnification.
OR 5
a. It is desired to obtain an erect image of an object using a concave mirror of
focal length 12 cm. What should be the range of distance for an object placed
in front of the mirror?
b. Will the image be smaller or larger than the object? Draw a ray diagram to
show the formation of an image in this case.
c. Where will the image of this object be if it is placed 24 cm in front of the
mirror? Draw a ray diagram for this situation to justify your answer.
Show the positions of the pole, the principal focus and the center of curvature
in the above ray diagrams.
SECTION - E
Q.no. 37 to 39 are case - based/data -based questions with 2 to 3 short sub - parts.
Internal choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.
37. Redox reactions involve both oxidation as well as reduction. If we cut an apple, it
turns reddish brown after some time because the Fe 2+ present in it gets converted
into Fe3+ by the loss of electrons. Non-metals are good oxidising agents. KMnO 4, 4
K2Cr2O7 are also good oxidising agents in acidic medium. Combustion is an
oxidation reaction. Metals are good reducing agents. Reducing agents are used in the
extraction of metals.

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 a. Answer the following questions:
i. Identify the type of chemical reactions represented by the following
chemical equation.
3MnO2 + 4Al 3Mn + 2Al2O3
ii. Identify the substance oxidised and reduced in the above reaction.
b. A shiny metal ‘M’ on burning gives off a dazzling white flame and changes
to a white powder ‘N’.
i. Identify ‘M’ and ‘N’.
ii. Does ‘M’ undergo oxidation or reduction in this reaction? Justify.
OR
b. Identify the substance oxidised and reduced, the oxidising agent and the
reducing agent in the following chemical reaction.
Fe2O3 + 3CO  2Fe + 3CO2
38. Hair color in mice is controlled by a gene with two alleles. A homozygous black-
haired mouse was bred with a homozygous brown-haired mouse. All the offspring
were black-haired. 4
a. Which trait will be expressed in a heterozygous gene? Why?
b. Write one difference between a dominant trait and a recessive trait.
c. One of the heterozygous black-haired offspring was bred with a homozygous
brown- haired mouse. Using the symbols B and b to represent the two
alleles, draw a genetic diagram to show the outcome of this cross.
OR
c. Define the laws proposed by Mendel based on monohybrid cross.
39. The heating effect of current is obtained by transformation of electrical energy into
heat energy. Just as mechanical energy used to overcome friction is converted into
heat, in the same way, electrical energy is converted into heat energy when an
electric current flows through a resistance wire. The heat produced in a conductor
when a current flows through it is found to depend directly on (a) strength of the
current (b) resistance of the conductor (c) time for which the current flows.

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 4

The mathematical expression is given by H = I2Rt.

The electrical fuse, electrical heater, electric iron, electric geyser, etc. are all based
on the heating effect of current.
a. What are the properties of a heating element?
b. Calculate the heat energy produced by a 5 A current flowing through a
resistor of 2 Ω for 30 minutes?
c. A fuse wire melts at 5 A. If it is desired that the fuse wire of the same
material melt at 10 A, then should the new fuse wire have a smaller or larger
radius than the earlier one?
OR
c. Two identical resistors, each of resistance 15 Ω, are connected in (i)
series, and (ii) parallel, in turn to a battery of 6 V. Calculate the ratio of
the heat generated by the combination of resistors in each case.
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Grade - 10 - Science
Physics 13 14 15 16 20 25 30 31 32 36 39
Chemistry 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 17 21 27 28 34 37
Biology 8 9 10 11 12 18 19 22 23 24 26 29 33 35 38

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