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4 views

Week 09

Uploaded by

mustafaberkay.demir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MSN 487 Materials in Energy Applications

Wednesday 16:00~16:50, Friday 11:00~12:50


Lecture Room: B0425 & B0542

Professor Taner Akbay


Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering
Office: A903
[email protected]
Recap:
The following topics have been revisited for the underlying physics;
• Capacitors
• Double layer capacitance
• Supercapacitors

In addition to the above topics we will have a look at


• Classification of supercapacitors
• Specific materials
Types of Supercapacitors

Jacobi Carbons, https://www.jacobi.net/supercapacitors/


Materials for Supercapacitors
Electrical Double
Pseudocapacitor Hybrid Capacitor
Layer Capacitors

Activated Conductor
Composite
Carbon Polymers

Carbon Metal
Asymmetric
Nanotubes oxides

Carbon Battery
aerogels Type

Graphene
Material Selection Criteria for Supercapacitors
• Electrode materials
• high specific surface area
• long term stability
• high cyclability
• high electrical conductivity
• resistance to reduction and oxidation
• high temperature stability
• Electrolyte materials
• low viscosity
• high ionic conductivity
• chemical stability
Activated Carbon
• Pros
• large specific surface area
• increased charge accumulation
• increased specific capacitance
• Cons
• wide pore size distribution
• reduced connected pores
• sluggish ion transport
• Possible Solution
• Ordered mesoporous carbon
Carbon Nanotubes
• Properties
• chemical stability
• high electrical conductivity
• interconnected mesopores

• Functionalisation
• chemical activation by using KOH
• improved specific capacitance
Graphene
• Properties
• chemical stability
• high electrical conductivity
• high charge carrier mobility

• Functionalisation
• porous graphene oxide
• chemical activation by using KOH
• reduced graphene oxide by thermal exfoliation of graphite
• improved specific capacitance
Conductor Polymers
• Examples
• polyacetylene (PA)
• polypyrrole (PPy)
• polyaniline (PANI)
• poly(3,4-ethylenedioxithiophene (PEDOT)

• Pros
• reversible redox activity
• environmental stability
• facile synthesis
• low cost
• Cons
• volume change during ion intercalation
Metal Oxides
• Examples
• RuO2.H2O
• IrO2.H2O
• MnO2.H2O
• V2O5, NiO, SnO2, Co(OH)2, Ni(OH)2 etc.

• Pros
• reversible redox activity
• possibility of making composites
• Cons
• volume change during ion intercalation
High Energy, High Power Storage

P. Simon et al. Nature Materials, 7, 845-854, 2008


Charge Storage Mechanisms

T. Mathis et al. Advanced Energy Materials, 9, 1902007, 2019


Energy storage: The future enabled by nanomaterials

D. Pomerantseva et al. Science, 366, 969, 2019


Overview of 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D nanomaterials

D. Pomerantseva et al. Science, 366, 969, 2019


Overview of 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D nanomaterials

D. Pomerantseva et al. Science, 366, 969, 2019


2D materials for Energy Storage

H. Zang et al. ACS Nano, 9, 9451, 2015


E. Pomerantseva et al. Nature Energy, 2, 17089, 2017
MXene Family
Mxene Family (contd.)
Scalable Synthesis of Ti3C2 MXene

C. Shuck et al. Adv. Eng. Materials, 22, 1901241, 2020


Key Properties of MXenes
T3C2Tx Mxene versus rGO and GO

D. Anasori Y. Gogotsi (Eds.). 2D Metal Carbides and Nitrides (Mxenes), Springer, 2019
Manufacturing of MXene Films and Coatings

K. Maleski et al. Chem. Mater., 29, 1632-1640, 2017


Binder-Free Large-Area Mxene-rGO Films

M.-Q. Zhao et al. Adv. Mater. Technol., 1800639, 2019


Ti3C2Tx Mxene Films form Liquid Crystal Solution

J. Zhang et al. Adv. Mater., 32, 2001093, 2020


Electrochemical Applications of MXenes
Where do ions enter and what is the pathway?
Electrochemical Performance of Ti3C2 Electrodes

M. R. Lukatskaya et al. Nature Energy, 6, 17105, 2017


Storage Mechanism in Acidic Media
Flexible Wearable Devices

Y. -Y. Peng et al. Energy Environ. Sci., 9, 2847, 2016


Transparent Solid-State MXene Microsupercapacitor

C. Zhang et al. Advanced Materials, 1702678, 2017


MXenes for Energy Storage Applications

M. K. Aslam et al. Adv. Energy Mater., 202000681, 2020


Notes:

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