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05 - AASHTO Classification Table

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05 - AASHTO Classification Table

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christian.jamir
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© © All Rights Reserved
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AASHTO CLASSIFICATION

P R E PA R E D BY:
E N G R . Y U R I M . VA L E N C I A
ENGINEER II
M AT E R I A L S T E S T I N G D I V I S I O N
AASHTO SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
 Useful in determining the relative quality of soil material for use in
earthwork structures particularty:
Embankments
Subgrades
Subbases
GROUP CLASSIFICATION USING AASHTO
CLASSIFICATION
1. A-1 4. A-4
A-1-a
A-1-b 5. A-5
2. A-2 6. A-6 Silt – Clay materials
Granular Materials
A-2-4 with more than 35% of
A-2-5
with 35% or less
of total sample passing
7. A-7 total sample passing
#200 sieve. Its general
A-2-6 #200 sieve. A-7-5 subgrade rating is from
A-2-7 Its general subgrade
rating is from A-7-6 fair to poor.

3. A-3 excellent to good.


Test Required to Classify Soil using
AASHTO Classification System
 Sieve Analysis
 Percent Passing #10 Sieve
 Percent Passing #40 Sieve
 Percent Passing #200 Sieve

Atterberg Limit Test


 Liquid Limit Test (LL)
 Plastic Limit (PL)
 Plasticity Index (PI)
AASHTO CLASSIFICATION TABLE
Group Index (GI)
 Group index is an indicator of the quality of soil sample. The
lower the GI value, the better quality of the soil sample.
GI = (F-35) [0.2+0.005(LL - 40)] + 0.01(F-15)(PI - 10)
Where: F = Percent passing #200 sieve

Note:
1. The group index of soils belonging to groups A-1-a, A-1-b, A-2-4,
A-2-5, and A-3 is always zero.
2. When calculatir the group index for soils that belongs to groups
A-2-6 and A-2-7, use partial group index formula:
GI = 0.01(F-15)(PI - 10)
Group Index (GI)
Note (Cont.):
2. If the group index yields negative value, it is taken as zero.
3. The calculated group index should be rounded off to the nearest
whole number.
4. There is no upper limit for the group index
5. The quality of performace of soil as a subgrade materials is
inversely proportional to the group index
Steps in determining the soil
classification using AASHTO method
1. Conduct sieve Analysis and determine the following
a) % Passing #200 sieve
b) %Passing #10 sieve
c) %Passing #40 sieve

2. Conduct Atterberg limit tests and determine the following


a) Liquid Limit of Soil Sample (LL)
b) Plastic Limit of Soil Sample (PL)
c) Plasticity Index of Soil Sample (PI)

3. Conduct method of elimination


4. Compute for the group index of the soil sample.
Sample Problem
1. Classify the Soil given the data below using AASHTO Soil Classification
System:
a) %Passing #200 sieve = 40
b) %Passing #10 sieve = 88
c) %Passing #40 sieve = 78
d) Liquid Limit = 35
e) Plastic Limit = 23
f) Plasticity Index = 35 – 23 = 12
a) %Passing #200 sieve = 40
b) %Passing #10 sieve = 88
c) %Passing #40 sieve = 78
d) Liquid Limit = 35
e) Plastic Limit = 23
f) Plasticity Index = 35 – 23 = 12
a) %Passing #200 sieve = 40
b) %Passing #10 sieve = 88 The Soil is classify as
c) %Passing #40 sieve = 78
d) Liquid Limit = 35
“A-6 (Clayey)”
e) Plastic Limit = 23
f) Plasticity Index = 35 – 23 = 12
Determining the Group Index
a) %Passing #200 sieve = 40
b) %Passing #10 sieve = 88 GI = (F-35) [0.2+0.005(LL - 40)] + 0.01(F-15)(PI - 10)
c) %Passing #40 sieve = 78
d) Liquid Limit = 35 Where: F = Percent passing #200 sieve
e) Plastic Limit = 23
f) Plasticity Index = 35 – 23 = 12 GI = (40 - 35) [0.2 + 0.005(35 - 40)] + 0.01(40-15)(12 - 10)
GI = 1.375 say 1

In Summary:
1. The Soil is classify as A-6 (Clayey)
2. Group index is 1.375 say 1
3. Therefore, the Soil shall be classify as: “A-6 (1) Clayey”
THANK YOU!
References
1. www.youtube.com. (n.d.). Basic Fundamentals of Geotechnical Engineering - AASHTO
Classification System Lecture [Tagalog]. [online] Available at:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eRsA7JQR1as.

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