REVISION ASSIGNMENT

REVISION ASSIGNMENT JEE (Main

JEE (Main + Advanced) 2024
+ Advanced)
ENTHUSIAST 2024
COURSE
(OPTIONAL)
(OPTIONAL) ENTHUSIAST COURSE

PHYSICS REVISION ASSIGNMENT # GRAVITATION

SECTION-I
Single Correct Answer Type 28 Q. [3 M (–1)]
1. The curvature of Mars is such that its surface drops a vertical distance of 2.0 meters for every 3600
meters tangent to the surface. In addition, the gravitational acceleration near its surface is 0.4 times that
near the surface of Earth. What is the speed a golf ball would need to orbit Mars near the surface,
ignoring the effects of air resistance?
(A) 0.9 km/s (B) 1.8 km/s (C) 3.6 km/s (D) 5.04 km/s
2. Two identical spheres of mass M and radius R are held fixed and separated by a distance D. A small
projectile of mass m is fired with initial velocity V0 from the surface of one sphere directly towards the
other. The projectile is attracted gravitationally by each sphere and no other forces are acting. Which of
the following graph best represent the potential energy U(x) of the projectile as a function of distance x
from the centre of the sphere on the left measured along the axis between the two the spheres.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

3. Choose the INCORRECT option.

(A) Inertial mass is a measure of difficulty of accelerating a body by an external force whereas the
gravitational mass is relevant in determining the gravitational force on it by an external mass.
(B) That the gravitational mass and inertia mass are equal is an experimental result
(C) That the acceleration due to gravity on earth is the same for all bodies is due to the equality of
gravitational mass and inertia mass.
(D) Gravitational mass of a particle like proton can depend on the present of neighboring heavy objects
but the inertia mass cannot.
R
4. A frictionless tunnel is dug along a chord of the earth at a perpendicular distance from the centre of
2
earth (where R is radius of earth). An object is released from one end of the tunnel. The correct graph,
showing the variation of acceleration of particle with its distance r from centre of earth is :
a a a a

(A) (B) (C) (D)

R R r R R r R R r R R r
2 2 2 2

5. Consider a spherical homogeneous cloud of mass M made by an explosion. Due to energy received
from the explosion, it is expanding and the expansion is spherically symmertric. At an instant its radius
is R0 and all the particle on the surface are moving away fromits center with velocity v0. What would be
its radius when expansion ceases :-
GMR 0 2GMR 0 GMR 0
(A) 2 (B) 2GM - R V 2 (C) 2GM + R V 2 (D) None of these
2GM - R 0 V0 0 0 0 0

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6. A small section of area 'DA' is removed from a spherical shell with surface mass density s and radius 'R' as
shown in the figure. Find the magnitude of gravitational field intensity at point 'P' due to remaining mass :

R
P O DA

R/2

4sDAG 3sDAG sDAG

(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) (D) None
9R 9R 9R 2
7. Two frictionless tunnels AB and AC are dug inside the earth as shown in the figure. A is at R/2 distance
from centre of earth along the line connecting centre and B. A particle of mass m1 is projected along AB
another particle of mass m2 is projected along AC such that both escape. Then ratio of their minimum
velocities, so that the particle escapes the gravitational field of earth (assume tunnel to be small & their is
no loss of energy of particle during its collision with tunnel)
C

60° B
A

(A) 1 : 1 (B) 2 : 1 (C) 1 : 2 (D) None of these

8. A mass m, travelling at speed V0 in a straight line from far away is deflected when it passes near a black
hole of mass M which is at a perpendicular distance R from the original line of flight. a, the distance of
closest approach between the mass and the black hole is given by the relation :
m
V0
R a
M

1/ 2 1/ 2
æ ö æ aV02 ö
(A) a = R ç1 + 2GM
2 ÷
(B) a = R ç1 + ÷
è aV0 ø è 2GM ø

-1 / 2 -1/ 2
æ GM ö æ 2GM ö
(C) a = R ç1 + ÷ (D) a = R ç1 + ÷
è 2aV02 ø è aV02 ø
9. A small ball of mass ‘m’ is released at a height ‘R’ above the earth surface, as shown in the figure above.
If the maximum depth of the ball to which it goes is R/2 inside the earth through a narrow grove before
coming to rest momentarily. The grove, contain an ideal spring of spring constant K and natural length
R, find the value of K if R is radius of earth and M mass of earth
3GMm 6GMm
(A) 3 (B)
R R3
9GMm 7GMm
(C) 3 (D)
R R3

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10. The gravitational potential of two homogeneous spherical shells A and B of same surface mass density
at their respective centre are in the ratio 3 : 4. If the two shells coalesce into single one such that surface
mass density remains same, then the ratio of potential at an internal point of the new shell to that of shell
A at its centre, is equal to :
(A) 3 : 2 (B) 4 : 3 (C) 5 : 3 (D) 5 : 6
11. It is well known that the radius of earth at equator is more than radius at poles. To estimate this, let's
assume two tunnels in earth,
(1) along the axis of rotation of earth, and
(2) along equatorial radius.
Both are filled with liquid. Assuming earth's angular velocity as w, radius at equator is R, density of
fluid as r, find the difference in length of liquids in both tunnels in steady state. Assume w2R << g.

w2R 4 2w2 R 4 w2 R 4 4w2R 4

(A) (B) (C) (D)
GM GM 2GM GM
12. A hemispherical shell of mass 2M and radius 6R and a point mass M are performing circular motion due
to their mutual gravitational interaction. Their positions are shown in figure at any moment of time
during motion. If r1 and r2 are the radii of circular path of hemispherical shell and point mass respectively
and w1 and w2 are the angular speeds of hemi-spherical shell and point mass respectively, then choose
the correct option.

O
M x

GM GM
(A) w1 = 3 (B) w2 =
18R 24R3

GM GM
(C) w1 = 3 (D) w2 =
36R 72R3

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13. Two small spherical bodies ‘a’ & ‘b’ of mass m and radius ‘r’ kept in contact. Both spherical body move
along a circular orbit around the planet of mass M. They are kept in contact in such a way that the
centers of the two bodies and the center of planet M always lies on the same line. Also, the point of
contact of the two bodies is at a distance R from the center of the planet. The density of the blocks is
assumed to be equal to the mean density of the planet. A ssume R o >> r :-

(
2GM R 2 + r 2 ) b 4r
(A) The angular velocity of ‘a’ is
(
R R2 - r )
2 2 a
R M
3GmMr R0
(B) The contact force exerted by ‘a’ on ‘b’ is
R3

é
ê Gm -
2 GmM 3R2 r + r 3( ) ùú
(C) The contact force exerted by ‘a’ on ‘b’ is ê 4r 2
( ) ú
2

ë R R2 - r 2 û

(D) The value of ‘R’ at which ‘a’ stops exerting force on ‘b’ is nearly 3 12R0
14. A body of mass m (which is very small than mass of earth M) is to be projected from earth's surface to
escape earth gravitational field. (Radius of earth is R). It is projected in three consecutive steps.
Step-(1) : Minimum sufficient energy or impulse is given to the body so that body moves as satellite of
earth at it's surface.
Step-(2) : An impulse is given to the body so that it starts to move on an elliptical path in such manner
that it's maximum and minimum distance from earth are 4R and R respectively.
Step-(3) : An impulse is given to the body, when it is at a maximum distance from earth so that it just
escapes from earth's gravitational field.
Neglect effect of any other body. Select correct statements.
(A)If body was projected from earth surface to escape from it's field, more energy is required
than method described.
(B) If body was projected from earth surface to escape from it's field same energy is required
as in method described.
(C) If body was projected from earth surface to escape from it's field, less impulse is required
than method described.
(D) If body was projected from earth surface to escape from it's field same impulse is required
as method described.
15. A satellite of mass m orbits the earth in an elliptical orbit having aphelion distance ra and perihelion
ra + rp
distance rp. The period of the orbit is T. The semi-major and semi-minor axes of the ellipse are
2

and rp ra respectively. The angular momentum of the satellite is

mp (ra + rp ) ra rp 2mp (ra + rp ) ra rp

(A) (B)
T T

mp (ra + rp ) ra rp mp (ra + rp ) ra rp
(C) (D)
2T 4T
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16. A small satellite of mass 'm' is revolving around earth in a circular orbit of radius r0 with speed v0. At
certain point of its orbit, the direction of motion of satellite is suddenly changed by angle
q = cos–1(3/5) by turning its velocity vector in the same plane of motion, such that speed remains constant.
The satellite, consequently goes to elliptical orbit around earth. The ratio of speed at perigee to speed at
apogee is :-
(A) 3 (B) 9 (C) 1/3 (D) 1/9
17. Two spheres are moving under mutual gravitational force as shown. Velocity v0 is such that spheres are
at minimum separation when they touch each other. Then :

GM
(A) v0 =
4R

15GM
(B) v0 =
56R

3 GM
(C) Speed of sphere A at the time of minimum separation is
7 R

6 GM
(D) Speed of sphere B at the time of minimum separation is
7 R
1
18. A planet moves around the sun in an elliptical orbit as shown. Ecentricity of ellipse is
. Time taken by
2
planet to move from D to B (D ® A ® B) and B to D (B ® C ® D) are respectively TDAB and TBCD

B
V2
C Sun
r1 r2 A
V1
D

TDAB p + 2 TDAB 2p + 1
(A) T = (B) T =
BCD p-2 BCD 2p - 1
(C) Velocity of planet of point B is 3V2 (D) Velocity of planet of point B is 2V2
19. In March 2006, two small satellites were discovered orbiting Pluto, one at a distance of 48,000 km and
the other at 64,000 km. Pluto already was known to have a large satellite Charon, orbiting at 19,200 km
with an orbital period of 8 days. Assuming that the satellites do not affect each other, find the orbital
periods of the two small satellites (in days) :-
3/ 2
æ 10 ö
(A) 8 × (2.5) , 8 ´ ç ÷
3/2
(B) 8 × 23/2 , 8 × 33/2
è 3 ø
3/2 3/ 2
æ5ö æ5ö
(C) 8 ´ ç ÷ ,8 ´ ç ÷ (D) None of these
è4ø è3ø
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20. The orbital properties of a geostationary satellite include (i) its orbit is directly over the Earth equator,
and (ii) its orbital period is the same as the Earth's rotation period. Suppose a lunar stationary satellite (its
orbital period is the same as the Moon's rotation period) is placed over the Moon equator, what is the
value of the ratio (REarth + HEarth)/(RMoon + HMoon)? REarth and RMoon are the Earth and the Moon radii, HEarth
and HMoon are the satellite heights from the Earth and from the Moon surfaces, respectively. You may
assume (Earth mass)/(Moon mass) = 81 and rotation period of the Moon = 27 days.
(A) (1/9)1/3 (B) (81 × 27)2 (C) (81/27)3 (D) (1/9)3
21. Two small, equal masses are attached by a lightweight rod. This object orbits a planet; the length of the
rod is smaller than the radius of the orbit, but not negligible. The rod rotates about its axis in such a way
that it remains vertical with respect to the planet.
(Assume in each case perturbation maintains the rate of rotation, so that in the co-rotating frame the rod
is still stationary but at an angle to the vertical.)

(A) There is no force in the rod; the equilibrium is neutral with respect to a small perturbation in the
angle of the rod.
(B) The rod is in tension; the equilibrium is stable with respect to a small perturbation in the angle of the rod.
(C) The rod is in compression; the equilibrium is stable with respect to a small perturbation in the angle
of the rod.
(D) The rod is in tension; the equilibrium is unstable with respect to a small perturbation in the angle of
the rod.
22. Three equal mass satellites A, B and C are in coplanar orbits around a planet as
shown in the figure. The magnitudes of the angular momenta of the satellites as
measured about the planet are LA, LB and LC. Then
(A) LA > LB > LC
(B) LC > LB > LA
(C) LB > LC > LA
(D) LB > LA > LC
23. Satellite A is following a circular path of radius a around the earth. Another satelite B of same mass
follows an elliptical path around the earth. Both of them have same mechanical energy. Their orbits
intersect as shown. The speed of A and B are vA & vB at the intersecting point.

A
B Earth

1 vB vB
(A) vA = vB (B) v A = vB (C) v A = (D) v A =
2 2 3

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24. A rocket is launched from point A on earth. It reaches point B on earth with its velocity antiparallel to its
initial velocity. The angle subtended by line AB at the center is 2q. The satellite moving close to surface
of earth has time period of revolution T0. Radius of earth is R. Ratio of time taken by the rocket from A
to B to the time period of revolution of satellite is :-

(A) 1/3 (B) 2/3 (C) 1/2 (D) 3/4

25. Consider a planet of mass M and radius R as shown in the figure. A particle is projected from the surface
of the planet at an angle q from radial direction and with velocity equal to the orbital velocity of circular
orbit at that point then choose the CORRECT statement(s) :
P
(A) Maximum distance of particle from centre of the planet is (R + R cosq) q
v
M 0
(B) Path of the particle is parabola R

R3
(C) Time taken by the particle to return to the surface of planet is
GM

R3
(D) Time taken by the particle to reach the surface of planet is equal to p
GM
26. A planet of core density 3 ρand outer crust of density ρhas small tunnel in core. A small particle of
mass m is released from end A then time required to reach end B :

r
3r
A B

p 1 p 1 1
(A) (B) (C) p (D) 2p
rG 2 rG rG rG
27. Assume an imaginary planet made up of a material which directly evaporates from solid state (sublimate).
The energy of sublimation is assumed to be provided by the reduction in gravitational self energy of the
planet. If heat of sublimation is H J/kg. What must be the minimum radius of planet which will result in
self sublimation of planet. [r = density of planet]
4 H 3H
(A) R min = (B) R min =
3 Grp 4Grp

H 3 H
(C) R min = (D) R min =
Grp 2 Grp

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28. A dummy Earth is made for one of Spielberg's films. It has the same size and mass as the real Earth, but
its construction is different: there is a small ball of extremely dense matter inside a very light outer plastic
ball. Due to some inaccuracy during assembly, the center of mass of the heavy ball is shifted in the
equatorial plane by a distance d = 100 km from the center of the outer shell. Find the minimal period of
revolution of satellite orbit in the equatorial plane. Take : Radius of earth = 6400 km & time period for
a satellite in near earth orbit as 5060 sec.
(A) 5062 sec approx. (B) 5058 sec approx. (C) 5075 sec approx. (D) 5034 sec approx.
Multiple Correct Answer Type 13 Q. [4 M (–1)]
29. Two spherical bodies of masses M and 2M and radii R and 2R, respectively, start approaching each
other at time t = 0 from rest, due to mutual gravitational attraction. They were initially very far away
from each other. They collide at time t = T.
(A) Distance travelled by their COM till time t = T is zero (COM–centre of mass)

1 2GM
(B) There relative velocity at time t = T is
3 R
(C) PE of the system decreases as the bodies approach each other
(D) In COM frame, speeds of the bodies are always equal
30. Inside a uniform sphere of mass M (M is mass of complete sphere) and radius R, a cavity of radius R/3
is made in the sphere as shown :-
V
(A) Gravitational field inside the cavity is uniform
R/3
(B) Gravitational field inside the cavity is non-uniform

88GM
(C) The escape velocity of a particle projected from centre of cavity is
45R

20GM
(D) The escape velocity of a particle projected from centre of cavity is
9R
31. A narrow smooth tunnel of L-shapes is made into earth up to centre as shown in the figure. A small ball
which just fits in tunnel is released from 'A'. The collision of ball is perfectly inelastic. (g is acceleration
due to gravity on surface of planet) :-

A
R 4R
5

O 3R B
5

p R p R
(A) time to fall from A to B is (B) time to fall from B to O
2 g 4 g

4R g R g
(C) speed just before hitting B is (D) speed just before hitting O is
5 R 5 R

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32. 'A' is a huge planet with uniform mass distribution, mass M, radius R. B is a circular tunnel made in it,
R
concentric with planet. Radius of tunnel is r,(r = ) cross sectional diameter is d (d << r). C is a small
2
ball of mass m (m << M) which is moving freely inside the tunnel without friction in a uniform circular
motion, take acceleration due to gravity on surface of A as g :-

A
R
B

r d

R
(A) If contact force on C is double the gravitational force, its time period = 2p
3g

R
(B) If contact force on C is double the gravitational force, its time period = 2p
g
(C) If contact force is zero, time period T, radius of tunnel r, than T µ r
(D) If contact force is zero, time period T, radius of tunnel r, than T would be independent of r.
33. Assume that there is a tunnel in the shape of a circular arc through the earth. Wall of the tunnel is smooth.
A ball of mass m is projected into the tunnel at A with minimum speed v such that the ball comes out of the
tunnel at B and escapes out of the gravity of the earth. Mass and radius of the earth are M and R respectively
3R
and radius of the circle shaped tunnel is .
4

A
V

O R/2

2GM
(A) v =
R
(B) The normal force applied by the tunnel wall on the ball when it is closest to the centre of the earth is
27 GMm
.
4 R2
GM
(C) At the initial moment, the speed is increasing at a rate of
R2
8GMm
(D) At the initial moment, the force exerted by the wall is
3R 2

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34. In figure (a) and (b) shown the mass M is very large and exerts a gravitational force on m1 and m2.
r
Gravitational force between m1 and m2 is very small as compared to that of M. Net force Fnet on m1 in
accelerating reference frame of m2 is called tidal force. If m1 is to be at rest in reference frame of m2 an
additional force equal to tidal force is to be applied on m1. Mark the correct statement(s) using appropriate
approximation :
m1
m2 m1 M
x x<<R
x R M
q cosq 1
x << R m2 x
R sinq
Figure (a) R
Figure (b)

GMm1x
(A) Tidal force on m1 in figure (a) is given by
R3
2GMm1x
(B) Tidal force on m1 in figure (a) is given by
R3
GMm1x
(C) Tidal force on m1 in figure (b) is given by
R3
2GMm1x
(D) Tidal force on m1 in figure (b) is given by
R3
35. A partical of mass m is thrown in a parabolic path towards earth having mass M and radius R. It comes
to a greatest approach distance R/2 from surface of earth. Magnitude of total energy change required to
make the particle moving in an elliptical path having eccentricity 1/2, with the greatest approach point
either aphelion or perihelion are :
1 GMm 1 GMm 1 GMm GMm
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 R 6 R 2 R R
36. A tunnel is made along the diameter of earth. Assume that earth is having a hard core till a radius of
3200km and from a radius of 3200 km to 6400 km (surface of the earth) acceleration due to gravity is
constant at 10 m/s2. Inside the hard core, the acceleration increases linearly from zero at center to
10 m/s2 at radius of 3200 km.
(A) This implies that the mass density from 3200 km to 6400 km is zero.
(B) This implies that the mass density from 3200 km to 6400 km is varying inversely as distance from
the center.
(C) This implies that the mass density from center to 3200 km is constant.
(D) This implies that the mass density from center to 3200 km increases linearly with distance from the
center.
a
37. The density inside a solid sphere of radius a is given by r = r0 , where r0 is the density at the surface
r
and r denotes the distance from center.
(A) The mass of the sphere is 2pr0a3
(B) The gravitational field at the surface of the sphere is (2pr0Ga)
(C) The gravitational potential at the center of the sphere is –4pr0Ga2.
a æ1ö
from the center of the sphere is 2pr0Ga ln ç ÷ .
2
(D) The gravitational pressure at the distance
2 è2ø

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38. Because of the effects of air drag abandoned satellites, at the end of their usual lives lose energy in the
upper layers of atmosphere, before finally burning up when they reach the denser lower layers. It can be
shown that satellites originally moving along circular trajectories will continue to travel in approximately
circular orbits, with their orbital radii slowly decreasing. Drag force acting an satellite can be expressed
as Fdrag = Crv2 where r is density of air at the altitude of satellite and v is the speed of satellite, C is a
constant. Mark the CORRECT statement(s) :-
(A) During slow decrease in radius of orbit, gravitational force is not perpendicular to velocity of satellite
(B) Speed of satellite decreases as it approaches earth due to tangential drag force.
(C) If change in orbital radius of Dr during a single revolution then expression for density of air is
1 m
r= Dr
4pC r 2
(D) If change in orbital radius of Dr during a single revolution then expression for density of air is
1 m
r= Dr
2pc r 2
39. If the law of gravity were inverse law instead of inverse square law, considering two satellites of same
mass but in orbits of radii "r" and "2r" around the earth
(A) The ratio of speeds of two satellites in would be 1 : 1
(B) The ratio of angular speeds of these two satellites would be 2 : 1
(C) The ratio of the potential energy of these two satellites would be 1 : 2
(D) The ratio of kinetic energies of these two satellites would be 2 : 1.
40. At the equator on a spherical planet a body weighs one third of that at the pole. Radius of planet is R.
20
The time period of revolution of the planet around its axis is equal to T = 60 min. (Take : G = ´ 10-11
3
Nm2/kg2)
p
(A) The average density r of the planet is ´ 106 kg/m3
192

æ 3 ö
(B) The height of geostationary satellite from the surface of planet is çç 3 2 - 1 ÷÷ R
è ø
(C) At a latitude of 60°, the weight of the body is half the weight at pole
(D) The geostationary satellite can be in a plane passing through the poles.
41. Four satellites A, B, C and D are orbiting around a spherical planet of uniform density. The orbits of all
the satellites are coplanar. Orbits of satellites A and B are circular where radius of orbit A is greater than
diameter of orbit B. Orbit C is touching orbits A and B. While orbit D is touching orbit A but its nearest
distance from the planet is least among all four orbits. All the satellites have same mass and these
satellites can be considered as particles. There is no gravitational force between the satellites and also
there is no chance of collision between the satellites. Consider gravitational potential energy to be zero
under infinite separation between satellite and planet.
(A) the gravitational potential energy have least possible value for satellite D.
(B) the mechanical energy is maximum for satellite A and spherical planet.
(C) the mechanical energy is minimum for satellite B and spherical planet.
(D) the angular momentum have largest magnitude for B.

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Linked Comprehension Type (1 Para × 3Q.) (4 Para × 2Q.) [3 M (-1)]

(Single Correct Answer Type)
Paragraph for Questions no. 42 to 44
A problem that has fascinated philosophers & scientists is how the universe began, if it had a beginning,
and how long ago it happened. Much has been learned in the last few decades about the conditions of
the early universe. Current thinking assumes that the universe began as a big–bang, at which time
everything was condensed into a very small space, where there were both extremely high densities &
exceptionally high temperatures (actually, it was beginning of space and time as we know them). Since
that time the universe has been in continuous expansion, so that the average density & temperature have
been decreasing continuously. The rate of expansion of the universe (that is, the rate at which galaxies
are receding from each other) is given by Hubble's Law, discovered in 1929 by the astronomer Edwin
Hubble, it states that the rate of separation of any two galaxies in the universe is directly proportional to
their separation. Thus, if we have two galaxies a distance R apart, their receding relative speed is given
by v = HR where, H is a proportionality factor called as Hubble's parameter. The currently accepted
value for H is : 22 kms–1 MLyr–1 = 2.32 × 10–18 s–1 where one MLyr (mega light - year) is 9.46 × 1021 m.
42. If we define a time tH, which corresponds to the time when two galaxies have reached a separation of 2R
from R, using Hubble's Law, then tH is
1 ln ( 2) R H
(A) tH = (B) tH = (C) tH = (D) tH = ln (2)
H H H R
43. Some recent observations by Hubble Space Telescope has fascinated astronomers and baffled the
scientists that even with the presence of gravitational attraction to retard the separation between the
galaxies, it seems that they are accelerating which according to some scientists proves the existence of
dark energy which is supplying the increasing kinetic energy to accelerate the expansion. To measure
the amount of dark energy supply we need to calculate the rate at which separation velocity is increasing
at different levels of separation, find the ratio of relative acceleration at separation of R and 2R
respectively.
(A) 2 : 1 (B) 1 : 1 (C) 1 : 2 (D) 1 : 4
44. There is a distance called as the horizon of the universe, which is equal to the farthest distance that can
be observed from earth, it corresponds to the time taken by light to reach earth almost very close to the
age of universe. The oldest & farthest objected observed from earth is near the constellation of ursa
major. It is a star like object called a quasar and is estimated to be at a distance of 1.3 × 1026 m, therefore
we see it as it was about how much years ago :
(A) 1.36 × 1010 years (B) 4.3 × 1017 years (C) 2.32 × 1018 years (D) 9.46 × 1021 years
Paragraph for Questions 45 and 46
Changing from a circular to An elliptical orbit
Let us identify the system as the spacecraft and the Earth but not the portion of the fuel in the spacecraft
that we use to change the orbit. In a given orbit, the mechanical energy of the spacecraft – Earth system
is given by

E = – GMm .
2r
This energy includes the kinetic energy of the spacecraft and the potential energy associated with the
gravitational force between the spacecraft and the Earth. If the rocket engines are fired, the thrust force
moves the spacecraft through a displacement. As a result, the mechanical energy of the spacecraft –
Earth system increases.
The spacecraft has a new higher energy but is constrained to be in an orbit that includes the original
starting point. It can not be in a higher energy circular orbit having a larger radius because this orbit
would not contain the starting point. The only possibility is that the orbit is elliptical as shown in the
figure.
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Elliptical
orbit
Circular
orbit

Earth

Rocket engine
is fired here

GMm
E=–
2a
Above equation gives the energy of the spacecraft – Earth system for an elliptical orbit where a is
semimajor axis. Thus if we know the new energy of the orbit, we can find the semi-major axis of the
elliptical orbit. Conversely, if we know the semi-major axis of an elliptical orbit we would like to achieve,
we can calculate how much additional energy is required from the rocket engines.
A spacecraft is moving in a circular orbit around the Earth (Radius 6400 km), at a height of 300 km from
the surface. To place the spacecraft in an elliptical orbit, the magnitude of the mechanical energy of the
spacecraft- Earth system is decreased by 10.0%.
45. If the spacecraft-earth system had initial energy (– E0), then the total mechanical energy of the system
after firing the rocket will be :
(A) – 1.1 E0 (B) – 0.9 E0 (C) – E0 (D) None of these
46. Minimum distance of the spacecraft from the surface of the Earth is :
(A) 900 km (B) 1474 km (C) 300 km (D) 1774 km
Paragraph for Question no. 47 and 48
A space ship carrying titanium-detecting little green men has found and landed on a perfectly spherical
planet of the planet to O, its centre ; It is confirmed that the whole planet is made of homogeneous
titanium. In addition, according to the measurements made, the temperature inside the narrow shaft is
constant, and equal to T0. The planet has an atmosphere with molar mass M, and the atomspheric
pressure at its surface is pA.
47. Find the air pressure at the bottom of the shaft.

A A

O O

æ3 RT0 ö æ pGrMr 2 ö
(A) p0 = pA exp ç 2 pGrMr 2 ÷ (B) p0 = pA exp ç 3RT ÷
è ø è 0 ø

æ 2pGrMr 2 ö æ 3RT0 ö
(C) p0 = pA exp ç 3RT ÷ (D) p0 = pA exp ç 2pGrMr 2 ÷
è 0 ø è ø

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48. After the exploratory drilling, work has continued, and the little green men have started secret excavation
of the titanium, as a result of which they have formed a spherical cavity of diameter AO inside the
planet, as illustrated in the figure. The excavated titanium is being transported away using expendable
cargo space craft. Air from the atmosphere has moved to fill the cavity and, as a consequence, the
pressure at the access poing A has decreased from pA to p'A. Assuming that the temperature every where
inside the cavity is the same as it was in the shaft, what is new atmospheric pressure at O.

æ 3 RT0 ö æ pGrMr 2 ö
(A) p0 = pA exp ç 2 pGrMr 2 ÷ (B) p0 = pA exp ç 3RT ÷
è ø è 0 ø

æ 2pGrMr 2 ö æ 3RT0 ö
(C) p0 = pA exp ç 3RT ÷ (D) p0 = pA exp ç 2pGrMr 2 ÷
è 0 ø è ø

Paragraph for Question No. 49 and 50

Often we treat binary stars as two stars of masses M1 and M2 revolving about their common center of
mass in a circular orbit. Both of them have the same angular velocity but different radius of circular path.
Many cases have been reported by astronomers where the system of binary stars are revolving about
their common center of mass in elliptical orbits. Both the ellipses have a common focus located at their
center of mass. Their common time period can be shown to depend on their semi major axes a1 and a2
respectively.
In this case, naturally the Kepler’s second and third laws will be modified. L1 & L2 are their angular
momentum, their masses are unequal. But the eccentricities of both ellipses can be shown to be the
same.
49. Kepler’s second law will state that:
L1 + L2
(A) The line joining both two stars has an areal velocity =
2(M1 + M2 )

dA L L
(B) The areal velocity of both stars are equal = 1 = 2
dt 2M1 2M2

dA1 L dA 2 L
(C) The areal velocity of both stars are = 1 ¹ = 2
dt 2M1 dt 2M2
(D) Law of areas will fail in case of binary stars.
50. Kepler’s third law will state that:
4 p2 (a1 + a 2 )3
(A) T2 =
G (M1 + M2 )

4 p2
(B) T2 = (a1 + a 2 )3
æ M1 M2 ö
Gç ÷
è M1 + M2 ø

16 p2a13 16p2a32
(C) T2 = +
GM1 GM2
(D) None of these

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Paragraph for Question no. 51 and 52

The space ship starts out in a circular orbit around the sun very near the Earth and has a goal of moving
to a circular orbit around the Sun that is very close to Mars. It will make this transfer in an elliptical orbit
as shown in bold in the diagram below. This is accomplished with an initial velocity boost near the Earth
Dv1 and then a second velocity boost near Mars Dv2. Assume that both of these boosts are from
instantaneous impulses, and ignore mass changes in the rocket as well as gravitational attraction to either
Earth or Mars. Don't ignore the Sun! Assume that the Earth and Mars are both in circular orbits around
the Sun of radii RE and RM = RE/a respectively. The orbital speeds are vE and vM respectively.

RM
RE

51. Derive an expression for the velocity boost Dv1 to change the orbit from circular to elliptical. Express
your answer in terms of vE and a :-

æ 2 ö æ 1 ö
(A) Dv1 = v E çç 1 + a + 1 ÷÷ (B) Dv1 = v E çç 2 1 + a - 1 ÷÷
è ø è ø

æ 2 ö æ 1 ö
(C) Dv1 = v E çç 1 + a - 1 ÷÷ (D) Dv = v ç - 1 ÷
1 E
ç 2 (1 + a ) ÷
è ø è ø

52. Derive an expression for the velocity boost Dv2 to change the orbit from elliptical to circular. Express
your answer in terms of vE and a :-

æ ö æ ö
ç 2 ÷ ç ÷
1
(A) Dv2 = v E a ç1 + ÷ (B) Dv2 = v E a ç1 - ÷
ç 1 ÷ ç æ 1ö÷
ç 1+ ÷ 2 ç1 + ÷ ÷
è a ø ç aø ø
è è

æ ö æ ö
ç 1 ÷ ç 2 ÷
(C) Dv2 = v E a ç1 -
1
÷ (D) Dv2 = v E a ç1 -
1
÷
ç 1- ÷ ç 1+ ÷
ç ÷ ç ÷
è a ø è a ø

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Matching List Type (4 × 4) 1 Q. [3 M (–1)]

53. In column-II, certain paths of satellite around earth are shown. Ei represents the energy of satellite in ith
case, Ki represents the kinetic energy of satellite in ith case, Li represents its angular momentum and ai
represents semimajor axis.
List–I List–II

E
(P) a is maximum (1) R

E
2R
(Q) L is maximum (2)

E
(R) K is maximum (3)
2R
R

E
(S) E is maximum (4)
2R
1.5R
(A) P ® 3 ; Q ® 2 ; R ® 1 ; S ® 4 (B) P ® 2 ; Q ® 2 ; R ® 1 ; S ® 2
(C) P ® 2 ; Q ® 2 ; R ® 1 ; S ® 1 (D) P ® 3 ; Q ® 1 ; R ® 4 ; S ® 2
SECTION-II
Numerical Answer Type Question 6 Q. [3(0)]
(upto second decimal place)
54. The minimum and maximum distances of a satellite from the centre of the earth are 2R and 4R respectively,
where R is the radius of earth and M is the mass of the earth. Radius of curvature at the point of
maximum distance is aR, value of a is.
55. The height of geostationary orbit above the surface of the earth is 36000 km. Radius of the earth is
6400 km. The earth shrinks to half its present radius (mass remaining unchanged). If r (in km) is the
r3
radius of the geostationary satellite of the earth. Find .
1000
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56. A satellite is moving on a circular orbit around a planet. A sharp impulse is given to the satellite such that
it just escapes from the gravitational field of the planet. The impulse can be given in two different ways

1
æP ö
as shown. The ratio of the impulse given in the two different cases ç P ÷ is :-
è 2ø

P2
P1

r0
57. Diameter of a planet is 10d, its mean density is and mass of its atmosphere is 10 m0, where d0, r0 and
4
m0 are diameter, mean density and mass of atmosphere respectively for the earth. Assume that mean
density of atmosphere is same on the planet and the earth and height of atmosphere on both the planets
is very small compared to their radius. If a mercury barometer reads 76 cm on the surface of the earth,
find its reading (in cm) on the surface of the planet.
58. An Astronomical unit is the distance between earth and sun assuming it to be a circular orbit. A comet
is going around the sun in an elliptical obit with a period of 64 year. The closest approach of the comet
to the sun is 0.8 AU [AU = astronomical unit]. Calculate the greatest distance (in AU) of the comet from
the sun.
59. A metallic spherical shell has mass m, radius R and Bulk modulus of elasticity B. The change in radius
Gm 2
of the shell due to gravitational pressure is . Find the value of n.
npBR 3
SECTION-III
Numerical Grid Type (Ranging from 0 to 9) 7 Q. [4 M (0)]
60. Two large spherical object of mass M each (uniformly distributed) are fixed as shown in figure. A small
point mass m is projected from point A heading towards center C2 of second sphere. The minimum

n GM
velocity of point mass so that it can reach upto second object at point B is then calculate n.
3 5R
[Neglect other gravitational forces]

M M
v0
C1 C2
A B
R R

10R
r r
61. In some hypothetical space the gravitational field intensity is given by g = -2r , where rr is position
vector. If x–z plane is a rigid elastic plane and a particle of 1 kg mass is released from (1, 1, 0) position,
the magnitude of change in momentum of the particle during its first eventual elastic collision with
plane, is n 2 Nm . Find n.

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62. A ring of mass m and radius 3R is rotating with constant angular speed w around a planet of mass M and
radius R. Center of ring and planet concide with each other. Tension in the ring is given as

GMm æ GM ö
T= . Find value of n çw = ÷
3npR 2 è 9R 3 ø

63. The density of a solid spherical planet of radius R is given as r = r0r, where r0 = constant and r is
distance measured from centre of planet. The acceleration due to gravity of this planet is half of maximum

a
value at distance x from centre and also at a distance y from the centre. The value of x + y is R .
b
Here a and b are single digit integer. Find the value of a-b?

dx

64. A satellite of mass m is in a circular orbit around an airless spherical planet of radius R. An asteroid of
equal mass m falls radially towards the planet, starting at zero velocity from a very large distance. The
satellite and the asteroid collide inelastically and stick together, moving in a new orbit such that it just
misses the planet's surface. The radius of the satellite's original circular orbit is (a + 11 ) R. Find the value
of a.
65. A meteorite of mass ‘m’ strikes the satellite of mass 10 m moving in circular path of radius ‘R’ around
planet of mass ‘M’ (>>m). Meteorite strikes perpendicular to the orbital velocity of satellite. The combined
satellite and meteorite has minimum distance R/2 from planet’s centre during subsequent motion. Velocity
GM
u of meteorite just before the collision is k ´ 29 . Find the value of k.
R

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REVISION ASSIGNMENT # GRAVITATION ANSWER KEY

SECTION-I
Single Correct Answer Type 7 Q. [3 M (–1)]
1. Ans. (D) 2. Ans. (D) 3. Ans. (D) 4. Ans. (D)
5. Ans. (B) 6. Ans. (A) 7. Ans. (A) 8. Ans. (D)
9. Ans. (D) 10. Ans. (C) 11. Ans. (C) 12. Ans. (D)
13. Ans. (C) 14. Ans. (B) 15. Ans. (A) 16. Ans. (B)
17. Ans. (A) 18. Ans. (C) 19. Ans. (A) 20. Ans. (A)
21. Ans. (B) 22. Ans. (A) 23. Ans. (A) 24. Ans. (B)
25. Ans. (A) 26. Ans. (B) 27. Ans. (B) 28. Ans. (A)
Multiple Correct Answer Type 5 Q. [4 M (–1)]
29. Ans. (A,B,C) 30. Ans. (A,D) 31. Ans. (A, C) 32. Ans. (A, D)
33. Ans. (A,C,D) 34. Ans. (B,C) 35. Ans. (B,C) 36. Ans. (B,C)
37. Ans. (A, B, C) 38. Ans. (A,C) 39. Ans. (A, B) 40. Ans. (A,B)
41. Ans. (A,B,C)
Linked Comprehension Type (1 Para × 3Q.) (4 Para × 2Q.) [3 M (-1)]
(Single Correct Answer Type)
42. Ans. (B) 43. Ans. (C) 44. Ans. (A) 45. Ans. (B)
46. Ans. (C) 47. Ans. (C) 48. Ans. (C) 49. Ans. (C)
50. Ans. (A) 51. Ans. (C) 52. Ans. (D)
Matching List Type (4 × 4) 1 Q. [3 M (–1)]
53. Ans. (B)
SECTION-II
Numerical Answer Type Question 6 Q. [3(0)]
(upto second decimal place)
54. Ans. 2.66 to 2.67 55. Ans. 476.20 to 476.60 56. Ans. 0.41
57. Ans. 7.60 58. Ans. 31.20 59. Ans. 24.00
SECTION-III
Numerical Grid Type (Ranging from 0 to 9) 7 Q. [4 M (0)]
60. Ans. 8 61. Ans. 2 62. Ans. 3 63. Ans. 7
64. Ans. 4 65. Ans. 2 66. Ans. 4

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