Media and

Information
Sources

JHON JOEBERT I. ROSAL

Teacher II
Information Literacy

-includes the ability to identify, find, evaluate, and use information

effectively. Thus, students are trained to evaluate the quality,
credibility, and validity of websites.

-refers to digital literacy or media literacy. Irrespective of the

terminology, be it digital literacy or media literacy, having
information literacy skills are the fundamentals to thrive in a
digital space.
 Three Types of Resources
There are three types of resources or sources of information: primary, secondary, and tertiary.

• Primary sources are original materials on which other research is based, including: original
written works – poems, diaries, court records, interviews, surveys, and original
research/fieldwork, and research published in scholarly/academic journals.

• Secondary sources are those that describe or analyze primary sources, including: reference
materials – dictionaries, encyclopedias, textbooks, and books and articles that interpret, review,
or synthesize original research/fieldwork.

• Tertiary sources are those used to organize and locate secondary and primary sources.
Indexes – provide citations that fully identify a work with information such as author, titles of a
book, article, and/or journal, publisher and publication date, volume and issue number and page
numbers.
Abstract – summarize the primary or secondary
sources.

Databases – are online indexes that usually include

abstracts for each primary or secondary resource, and
may also include a digital copy of the resource
Some of the main sources of information you will use are:

• Reference Material -consists of a range of different types of material providing you with
background information. This material can either be general or related to specific subject areas.

• Dictionaries - are good source of information relevant to the functions of word based on how they
are used in context. In addition, they provide synonyms/antonyms of words so that learners would
be able to use them appropriately.

• Encyclopedias -provide more details on the functions of words than dictionaries.

Other Reference Material -depending on subject area, there are many other types of reference
material.

• Books -may be textbooks at school or university level or more-detailed monographs.

• e-Books -many books are now available in electronic format as e-books.

• Journals -also known as periodicals or serials are published at
regular intervals throughout the year.

• Websites -are reliable sources of information available on the

Internet, except information found in Wikipedia and YouTube.

• Newspapers -can be good sources of information for primary

research.

• Conference Proceedings -consist of a collection of paper

presentations or posters delivered at conferences, seminars or
workshops. They are sources of primary research as this may be the
first place the information has been made public.
• Reports -are produced by agencies and departments on specific topics or issues. These agencies
include Government departments, research establishments, charitable foundations and more.

• Standards -are consensus agreements drawn up by representative collections of people who have an
interest in the subject. These might be manufacturers, users, research organizations, or government
departments.

• Manuscripts and Special Collections - Manuscripts and archives are unique items created or
collected by a person or organization in the course of their ordinary business, and retained by them as
evidence of their activities.

• Patents -are legal documents which give the owner exclusive rights to profit from an invention,
protecting it from exploitation by others unless they have the prior agreement of the patent owner.
Patents also establish the ownership of advances in the subject.

• Thesis -are major sources of primary research output.

• Social Media -serve as an avenue in establishing social interaction with other individuals.
The Library

The word "library" is used in many different

aspects: from the brick-and-mortar public library to
the digital library. Public libraries serve as the best
source of information whether it's a book, a web
site, or database entry.
Indigenous knowledge

It is the unique knowledge confined to a culture or

society. It is also known as local knowledge, folk
knowledge, people's knowledge, traditional wisdom
or traditional science.
Indigenous knowledge is:

• Adaptive - which is based on historical experiences but adapts to social, economic, environmental,
spiritual and political changes. Adaptation is the key to survival.

• Cumulative - which consists of a body of knowledge and skills developed from centuries of living.

• Dynamic - which has developed, adapted, and grown over millennia.

• Holistic - in which all aspects of life are interconnected.

• Humble - which does not dictate how to control nature but how to live in harmony with the gifts of the
Creator.

• Intergenerational - which the collective memory will pass within a community, from one generation to
the next orally through language, stories, songs, ceremonies, legends, and proverbs.
• Invaluable - which is the key to sustainable social and economic development.

• Irreplaceable - which stipulates that nothing could replace the aspect of Indigenous knowledge serving as the critical
connection between IK and language.

• Moral - which involves responsibility given from the Creator to respect the natural world.

• Non-linear - which involves Time, patterns, migrations and movements of individuals are cyclical.

• Observant - which involves the observations made by the Indigenous leaders.

• Relative - which stresses that Indigenous knowledge is not embodied at the same degree by all community members.

• Responsible - which emphasizes that Indigenous Peoples generally believe they are responsible for the well-being of the natural
environment around them.

• Spiritual - which stipulates that Indigenous knowledge is rooted in a social context that sees the world in terms of social and
spiritual relations among all life forms. All parts of the natural world are infused with spirit. Mind, matter, and spirit are perceived
as inseparable.

• Unique - which describes Indigenous knowledge as unique to a given culture or society.

• Valid - which does not require the validation of western science

The Internet

History of the Internet

In 1982 the word internet started. In 1986, first “freenet” created in Case Western Reserve University;
in 1991, the US government allowed business agencies to connect to internet. Now all peoples can
connect to internet and improve their life and work quality. The internet support various aspects in our
life.

Vinton Cerf - Father of Internet Co-designer of the TCP/IP networking protocol.

The Internet has revolutionized the computer and communications world like nothing before. The
Internet is at once a world-wide broadcasting capability, a mechanism for information dissemination,
and a medium for collaboration and interaction between individuals and their computers without regard
for geographic location. It represents one of the most successful examples of the benefits of sustained
investment and commitment to research and development of information infrastructure.

Tim Berners-Lee - Father of WWW Invented WWW while working at CERN, the European Particle Physics
Laboratory
THANK YOU!!!

JHON JOEBERT I. ROSAL

Teacher II
 WT#4
1 Whole sheet of Paper.
COPY and ANSWER
_______________1. These are original materials on which another research is based.

_______________2. Are those used to organize and locate secondary and primary sources.

_______________3. Are those that describe or analyze primary sources.

_______________4. It summarizes the primary or secondary sources.

_______________5. These are online indexes that usually include abstracts for each primary or secondary resource.
_______________6. These are good source of information relevant to the functions of word based on how they are used in context.

_______________7. This material can either be general or related to specific subject areas.

_______________8. It also known as periodicals or serials are published at regular intervals throughout the year.
_______________9. It provides more details on the functions of words than dictionaries.

_______________10. These are reliable sources of information available on the Internet.

_______________11. It consists of a collection of paper presentations or posters delivered at conferences, seminars, or workshops.
_______________12. It can be good sources of information for primary research.

_______________13. These are produced by agencies and departments on specific topics or issues.
_______________14. These are legal documents which give the owner exclusive rights to profit from an invention.

_______________15. These are consensus agreements drawn up by representative collections of people who have an interest in the subject.

_______________16. It serves as an avenue in establishing social interaction with other individuals.

_______________17. These are major sources of primary research output.

_______________18-22. Ways of Evaluating Information.

_______________23. It is the unique knowledge confined to a culture or society.

_______________24. Father of Internet Co-designer of the TCP/IP networking protocol.

_______________25. Father of WWW.

 PT#4
1 Whole sheet of BondPaper.
Research about the HISTORY of INTERNET
NOTE: Cite your References.