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27 views

+Integral+

Lesson

Uploaded by

jonathan_2906
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Math 104:

Calculus II

(Integral Calculus)

Engr. Jonathan P. Villapaña


Introduction
Integral Calculus
• Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz at 17th Century
• Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
• Leibniz named Integral calculus as “calculus
summatorius”
• Antiderivative
Types of Integral
1. Definite Integral
- define by the limits value of a and b of the
independent variable.
Types of Integral
2. Indefinite Integral
- with no limits or restriction imposed on the
independent variable.
General Form
Integral

Integrand
Summa

Where:
( ) ′( ) = ( )
Consider the Following Function
1. f(x) = 3x2
2. F(x) = 3x2 +100
3. G(x) = 3x2 -3
4. H(x) = 3x2 + 5
5. W(x) = 3x2 - 4a + 10, where “a” is a constant
Definition of Indefinite Integral
“the integral of a given differential is equal to the function its self plus
the arbitrary constant.”

The arbitrary constant indicates that there are infinitely many


functions whose differential is equal to the given integrand
ASSIGNMENT 1
• Write in a long bond paper the formulas for finding the integral of the
following functions:

1. Algebraic, Exponential and Logarithm Functions


2. Trigonometric Functions
3. Inverse Trigonometric Functions
4. Hyperbolic Functions
5. Inverse Hyperbolic Functions
Indefinite Integral
Specific Objectives:
At the end of the discussion student should be able to:

1. Know the concept and properties of indefinite integral.

2. Know and use correctly the formulas for integrating


functions.
Properties of Indefinite Integral
A. Property of Sum/Difference:

B. Property of Constant Factor:

C. Property of Constant and its Reciprocal Multiplication


General Step of Integrating Indefinite Integral
1. Identify the Integral.
2. Simplify the integrand.
3. Choose the Appropriate Method.
4. Integrate the Function.
5. Add the Constant of Integration.
6. Verify the result.
Integration Formulas
No. Name of Formulas Label
1 Power Formula PF

2 Logarithmic Formula LF
3 Exponential Formula EF
4 Trigonometric Formulas TF
5 Inverse Trigonometric Formulas ITF
6 Hyperbolic Formula HF
7 Inverse Hyperbolic Formula IHF
1. Power Formula (PF)
𝒏 𝟏
𝒏

Example:
𝟐 𝟏
𝟐 𝟐
Examples
𝟓
𝟐

𝟏
𝟒

𝟓
2. Logarithm Formula (LF)

Example:
Examples
𝟐

𝟐 𝒚
𝒚 𝒚
3. Exponential Formulas (EF)

𝒖 𝒖
e

Example:
𝟑𝒙 𝟑𝒙 𝟑𝒙
3. Exponential Formulas (EF)
𝒖
𝒖
a
a>0&a 1

Example:

𝒙𝟐 𝒙𝟐
𝒙𝟐 𝒙𝟐 𝒙𝟐
Examples
4.

5.

6.

7.
4. Trigonometric Formulas (TF)

•
•
•
•
•
•
Other Derived Trigonometric Formulas
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Examples

𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐

𝟐
Examples
1.
2.
3. 𝒙 𝒙 𝒙

4.
5.
6.
7.
5. Inverse Trigonometric Formulas (ITF)

𝟏
𝟐 𝟐

𝟏
𝟐 𝟐

𝟏
𝟐 𝟐
Example
𝟏
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐

𝟐 𝟐

𝟐
Examples
Hyperbolic Function
Hyperbolic functions are analogs of the circular or trigonometric
functions. They are defined in terms of the legs of a right triangle or the
imaginary parts of sine and cosine
Graphs
Hyperbolic Identities
Derivative of Hyperbolic Functions
6. Hyperbolic Formulas (HF)

𝟐
Other Derived Hyperbolic Formulas
Examples
𝟐

𝒙
Inverse Hyperbolic Function
• Unlike trigonometric functions, hyperbolic
functions are not periodic. In fact, by looking
back at Graphs of Hyperbolic Functions, notice
that four of the six hyperbolic functions are
actually one-to-one (the hyperbolic sine,
tangent, cosecant, and cotangent). We conclude
that these four functions have inverse functions.
Graphs
Inverse Hyperbolic Functions
Derivative of Inverse Hyperbolic Functions
7. Inverse Hyperbolic Formulas (IHF)
Examples

𝟒
Problems:
𝟐 𝟐
𝒏 𝟏
Problems: 𝒏

𝟓 𝟑
𝟐 𝟐 𝟒 𝟐

𝟐 𝟐 𝟒 𝟐
𝒏 𝟏
Problems: 𝒏

𝟏 𝟑
𝟏 𝟏 𝟑
𝟐 𝟐
𝟐 𝟐
𝒏 𝟏
Problems: 𝒏

𝟑 𝟐
𝟑
Problems:
𝟏
𝟏 𝟒 𝟐 𝟏 𝟑
𝟒 𝟑 𝟒 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 𝟐

𝟑
Problems:
𝒖 𝒖

𝟐 𝒙𝟑 𝒙𝟑 𝟐 𝒙𝟑

𝟐
Problems:
𝒏 𝟏
Problems: 𝒏

𝟐 𝟏
𝟐
𝒅𝒖 𝟏 𝒖
Problems: 𝟏𝟗. = 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟏 +𝐂
𝒖𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 𝒂 𝒂

𝟏
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒏 𝟏
Problems: 𝒏

𝟐 𝟐

𝟐 𝟏

2x 𝟑

2x) 2dx
𝟑
Seatwork 1
A. Power Formula
𝟑
𝟐

𝟐
Seatwork 1
B. Logarithmic Formula
𝟐

𝟐
Seatwork 1
C. Exponential Formula
𝒍𝒏(𝟐 𝒙)
𝒙 𝒙

𝟐 𝒆𝟑 𝒕𝟐 𝟏

𝟐𝒍𝒏𝒙
𝟑𝒙
Seatwork 1
D. Trigonometric Formula
𝟐 𝒍𝒏𝒙
𝟐

𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕 𝒙 𝒙

𝟐 𝟐
Seatwork 1
E. Inverse Trigonometric Formula

𝟐𝒛
𝟐

𝟐 𝟐

𝟐 𝟐

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