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25.-Writing-Equation-of-a-Line-Parallel-and-Perpendicular-to-a-given-line

25.-Writing-Equation-of-a-Line-Parallel-and-Perpendicular-to-a-given-line

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20 views22 pages

25.-Writing-Equation-of-a-Line-Parallel-and-Perpendicular-to-a-given-line

25.-Writing-Equation-of-a-Line-Parallel-and-Perpendicular-to-a-given-line

Uploaded by

lamug.406591150032
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Finding the Equation of a Line

OBJECTIVES:
Find the equation of a line…
1. perpendicular to a given line.
2. parallel to a given line.
Review:
1. Which of the following is the equation of the
line that passes through (-1, 2) and (3, 4)?
1
A. 𝑦 − 3 = (𝑥 − 4)
2
1
B. 𝑦 − 4 = (𝑥 − 3)
2
C. 𝑦 − 4 = 2(𝑥 − 3)
D. 𝑦 − 3 = 2(𝑥 − 4)
2. Find the equation of a line with x-intercept = 6
and y-intercept = 2.
A. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 2
B. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 2
1
C. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 2
3
1
D. 𝑦 = − 𝑥 +2
3
3. Find the equation of a line with equal intercepts
and passes through the point (3, -2).
A. 𝑦 + 2 = − (𝑥 − 3)
B. 𝑦 − 3 = − (𝑥 + 2)
C. 𝑦 + 2 = (𝑥 − 3)
D. 𝑦 − 2 = −(𝑥 − 3)
4. What do you call the two coplanar lines that do
not intersect no matter how far they are
extended?
Parallel
5. What do you call the two lines that intersect
and form a right angle?
Perpendicular
6. What do you call 2 lines that are not coplanar?
Skew
Lesson proper:
A. Finding the equation of a line
perpendicular to a given line.
+2
Illustration 1: +4
What do you call line 1 −4 +2
and line 2?
Perpendicular
What is the slope of line 1?
+4 Line 2
𝑚1 = =2
+2
What is the slope of line 2?
+2 1 Line 1
𝑚2 = =−
−4 2
+4 +2 1
𝑚1 = = 2, 𝑚2 = = − +2
+2 −4 2 +4
How is the slope of line 2 −4 +2
related to the slope of line 1?
Negative reciprocal

If 𝑚2 is the slope of line 2 and Line 2


𝑚1 is for line 1, write in
symbols their relationship. Line 1
1
𝑚2 = − 1
𝑚1
𝑜𝑟 𝑚1 = −
𝑚2
Example 1. Write the equation for the line perpendicular to the
line 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 5 and passes through (3, 5).
Solution: Recall 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )
Determine the slope of Substitute and then simply
3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 5 2
𝐴 𝑦 − 5 = − (𝑥 − 3)
𝑚=− 3
𝐵 2
3 3 𝑦−5=− 𝑥+2
𝑚1 = − = 3
−2 2 2
ℎ𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑦 =− 𝑥+2+5
⊥ 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑖𝑠 3
2 2
𝑚2 = − 𝑦 =− 𝑥+7
3 3
Practice Exercises.
1. Write the equation for the line perpendicular to the line
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 6 and passes through (4, -3).
Recall 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )
Solution:
Substitute
The slope of 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 6 𝑖𝑠
𝐴 2 3
𝑚1 = − = − 𝑦 − −3 = (𝑥 − 4)
𝐵 3 2
3
ℎ𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑦+3= 𝑥−6
⊥ 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑖𝑠 2
3
3 𝑦 = 𝑥−6−3
𝑚2 = 2
2 3
𝑦 = 𝑥−9
2
2. Write the equation for the line perpendicular to the line
𝑦 = 𝑥 and passes through (-2, 3).
Solution:
Recall 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )
The slope of 𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑖𝑠
Substitute
𝑚1 = 1
𝑦 − 3 = −1 𝑥 − −2
ℎ𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑦 − 3 = −1 𝑥 + 2
⊥ 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑖𝑠
𝑦 − 3 = −𝑥 − 2
𝑚2 = −1
𝑦 = −𝑥 − 2 + 3
𝑦 = −𝑥 + 1
B. Finding the equation of a line
parallel to a given line.
Line 1
+6
Illustration 2:
What do you call line 1 +3
and line 2? 2 Line 2
Parallel +1
What is the slope of line 1?
+3 1
𝑚1 = =
+6 2
What is the slope of line 2?
+1 1
𝑚2 = =
+2 2
Line 1
+6
How is the slope of line 1
related to the slope of +3
line 2? 2 Line 2
Equal +1

If 𝑚1 is the slope of line 1


and 𝑚2 is for line 2, write
in symbols their
relationship.
𝑚1 = 𝑚2
Example 2. Write the equation for the line parallel to the line
3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 7 and having a y-intercept of 4 in slope-intercept
form.
Solution:
Since the lines are parallel, therefore their slopes are equal.
Find the slope of 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 7. 3
𝐴 𝑚=
Recall 𝑚 = − 2
𝐵 Recall 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
where A = 3, B = −2 3
Substitute Substitute 𝑚 = and b = 4
2
3 3
𝑚=− 𝑦 = 𝑥+4
−2 2
Practice Exercises.
3. Write the equation for the line parallel to the line
y = −8𝑥 − 4 and passes through the point (3,1) in
slope-intercept form.
Solution:
𝑚 = −8
Recall 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 ) 𝑦 − 1 = −8𝑥 + 24
Substitute 𝑦 = −8𝑥 + 24+1
𝑦 − 1 = −8(𝑥 − 3) 𝑦 = −8𝑥 + 25
4. Find the equation of a line // to the line 5𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 9 = 0
and with an x-intercept of 5.
Solution:
Rewrite the equation in standard form
5𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 9 Recall
𝐴
Recall 𝑚 = − 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )
𝐵
where: A = 5, B = -3 Substitute
5
Substitute 𝑦 − 0 = (𝑥 − 5)
5 3
𝑚=− 5 25
−3
5 𝑦= 𝑥−
𝑚= 3 3
3
What I have learned
1. If two lines are parallel, then their slopes are
______
𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙

2. If the slope of line 1 is 3 and the slope of line 2


1 perpendicular
is − , therefore the 2 lines are ___________.
3
Evaluation
1. Which of the following is parallel to the line
3x − 2𝑦 = 4?
3
A.𝑦 = − 𝑥 + 5
2
2
B.𝑦 = − 𝑥 − 3
3
3
C.𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1
2
2
D. 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4
3
2. Which of the following is perpendicular to the
3
line 𝑦 = − 𝑥 + 5?
2
3
A. 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4
2
2
B.𝑦 = 𝑥 − 2
3
2
C. 𝑦 = − 𝑥 + 4
3
3
D. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 2
2
Thank you
for joining our class

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