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hackathon1[1]

Uploaded by

sahgyan9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Department Of Computer

Science &
Engineering
Enhanced Phishing Detection and Prevention System
Using Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Khyathisree Yarra- AP23110010215


Chittem Mahesh Babu-
AP23110010084
Praneeth gadipudi -
AP23110010292
Gottipati Harshith Sai-
AP23110010170
Problem Statement :
Phishing attacks have become increasingly sophisticated, often
bypassing traditional detection methods. Develop a next-gen phishing
detection system using NLP and machine learning that can analyze
message context, intent, and linguistic cues to identify and flag phishing
attempts with minimal false positives.
Introduction to Phishing:
Phishing: A type of cyber-attack where attackers impersonate legitimate
entities to deceive individuals into revealing sensitive information.
Proposed solution
1. Input Data Collection
1. Gather email content, URLs, and metadata like sender details and email
headers.
2. Preprocessing Module
1. Tokenization: Break down email text into individual words or tokens.
2. Cleaning: Remove irrelevant characters (HTML Tags, special characters)
3. Stop Word Removal: Filter out common words (e.g “and” , “the”) that
don’t contribute to meaning.
4. Stemming/Lemmatization: Standardize words to their root forms for
consistency.
5. Convert email text to lowercase for consistent analysis.
3. Feature Extraction
1. Text Analysis: Use NLP to analyze the email's content, identifying
suspicious words, phrases, and language patterns (e.g., urgent language or
abnormal greetings).
Proposed solution
2.URL Analysis: Analyze embedded URLs for:
1. Uncommon domain structures or misspelled URLs.
2. Reputation of domains using a third-party API or historical data.
3. Extract features like domain reputation, URL length, and presence of
uncommon characters.
3.Metadata and Header Analysis: Extract metadata such as sender’s email
domain, IP address , SPF, and DKIM verification to check for signs of spoofing
or impersonation.

4.Phishing Score Calculation


2. Each component (text, URL, and metadata analysis) produces an
independent score indicating the likelihood of phishing.
3. Combine these scores into a weighted aggregate score using a formula to
prioritize high-risk indicators (e.g., suspicious URLs or unverified metadata).
5
Proposed solution
5. Threshold Evaluation and Classification
1. Compare the aggregate score to a threshold:
1. If the score exceeds the threshold, classify the email as phishing.
2. Otherwise, mark it as legitimate.
6. Action Module
2. Based on the classification, initiate appropriate actions:
1. If phishing, quarantine the email, alert the user, and send notifications
to system administrators.
2. If legitimate, allow the email to be delivered to the inbox.
7. Continuous Learning and Feedback Loop
3. Gather user and admin feedback on the system's performance.
4. Feed any false positives or false negatives back into the system for
retraining and refining the model over time.
Start
Proposed Architecture:
Classification and
Threshold
Validation
If score>threshold

Input data
(Emails)

Data Preprocessing
->Tokenization
->Remove irrelevant Mark as Phishing
Mark as Legitimate
items ->Quarantine
->Deliver to inbox
->Alert user/admin

Feature Extraction
->Textual Features
->URL Features ->Update model
End of Detection
->Metadata Features based on user/admin
Process
input

Phishing Detection Model


->Training and Prediction
->Producing confidence
source Stop

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