Full Vocal Technique A Guide To Classical and Contemporary Styles For Conductors Teachers and Singers Second Edition Julia Davids Stephen Lat
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VOCAL TECHNIQUE
Second'Edition'
!! !
VOCAL
TECHNIQUE
A"Guide"to"Classical"and"Contemporary"
Styles"for"Conductors,"Teachers,"and"Singers"
Second!Edition!
Julia"Davids,"D.M.A."
Stephen"LaTour,"Ph.D."
Second Edition
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Table of Contents
Second Edition Acknowledgements
------------------------------------- xi
Chapter 4: Resonance
-----------------------------------------------------63
Superior resonance improves tonal quality and vocal
efficiency ...............................................................................................
..….....63
Fundamental frequency and higher
harmonics ..............................................................................................
...........64
Structure of the vocal
tract .......................................................................................................
............65
Resonance and
formants ................................................................................................
............67
Adjusting the
larynx ..................................................................................................
78
Adjusting the oral
pharynx ..................................................................................79
Adjusting the
mouth.............................................................................................81
Classical versus contemporary resonance and vocal tract
shape ...............83
Good resonance helps
intonation .....................................................................85
Resonance and the concepts of “chest voice” and “head
voice” .............85
Resonance and
“placement” ............................................................................86
Exercises for enhancing
resonance ...................................................................89
Chapter 5: Vowels
---------------------------------------------------------93
Tip of the tongue should rest at the base of the lower front
teeth ................93 Basic vowel production for classical/legit
styles ...............................................94
Perceptions of vowels as “bright” versus
“dark” ............................................100
Vowels in contemporary
styles .........................................................................101
Vowel consistency for intonation and ensemble
blending ..........................102
Problematic
vowels ............................................................................................102
Modification of vowels for higher
pitches .......................................................107
Diphthongs, triphthongs, and
glides ................................................................114
Altering the tonal color of
vowels ....................................................................116
A summary philosophy of vowel
formation ....................................................118
Vowel
exercises ..................................................................................................1
19
References ---------------------------------------------------------------
299
Index ----------------------------------------------------------------------
323
Second Edition Acknowledgements
In addition to the many people who contributed their advice about the first
edition, we want to acknowledge those who made important contributions
to the second edition.
The following served as reviewers and made particularly detailed comments
on the entire manuscript:
❖ Professor Karen Brunssen, Co-chair of Music Performance at
Northwestern University and President of the National Association of
Teachers of Singing. She is also author of The Evolving Singing Voice:
Changes Across the Lifespan.
❖ Dr. Rollo A. Dilworth, Vice-Dean and Professor of Choral Music Education,
Temple University. More than 150 of his choral compositions and
arrangements have been published. He is also the author of three books
of choral exercises, entitled Choir Builders.
❖ Dr. Matthew Edwards, Coordinator of Musical Theatre Voice and
Associate Professor of Voice and Voice Pedagogy at the Shenandoah
Conservatory. He is also Artistic Director of the CCM Vocal Pedagogy
Institute at Shenandoah University and author of, So You Want to Sing
Rock ‘n’ Roll: A Guide for Professionals.
❖ 第二版致谢
❖ 除了许多对第一版提出建议的人之外,我们还要感谢那些对第二版做出重要贡献的人。
❖ 以下人员担任审稿人,并对整个手稿作了特别详细的评论:
❖ 西北大学音乐表演联合主席兼全国歌唱教师协会主席卡伦·《》
❖ 坦普尔大学合唱音乐教育副院长兼教授罗洛·迪尔沃斯博士。他的合唱作品和编曲已经出版了 150 多篇。他还是三本合唱练
《》
❖ 马修·爱德华兹博士,音乐剧声音协调员,谢南多亚音乐学院声音和声音教育学副教授。他也是谢南多亚大学 CCM 《》
Evelyn LaTour designed a wonderful new cover for the second edition and
updated several of the illustrations that she created for the first edition. She
also sketched an additional illustration for this edition.
Sarah Ponder, mezzo-soprano extraordinaire, continues as our model for
illustrations of posture/alignment, vowel production, and tension.
Dr. Pauline Houlden performed comprehensive editing of the manuscript,
substantially improving its organization and readability. Any remaining
errors are ours!
Dr. Larry Abernathy, Director of Music & Arts at the Kirk of Kildare
Presbyterian Church has been an enthusiastic supporter of this second
edition. Steve spent many hours in discussion with him and the following
choir members who provided excellent advice for improvements to the first
edition: Dr. Moon Choi, Allison Connors, Sue Durham, Emyr Edwards, Keith
Gausman, Linda Harrison, Blair Hatcher, Madison Lamphear, Barbara Moore,
Kat Russell, DJ Sellers, Dr. Robert Starbuck, and Nan Warren.
伊芙琳·拉图尔为第二版设计了一个精彩的新封面,并更新了她为第一版创作的几幅插图。她还为这一版画了一幅额外的插图。
莎拉·庞德,杰出的女中音,继续作为我们姿势/对齐、元音产生和张力插图的模型。
Pauline Houlden 博士对手稿进行了全面的编辑,大大提高了其组织和易读性。任何剩余的错误都是我们的!
基尔代尔长老会柯克音乐与艺术总监拉里·阿伯纳西博士一直是第二版的热情支持者。史蒂夫花了很多时间与他和以下唱诗班成员讨论,他们为
第一版的改进提供了很好的建议:蔡文博士、艾莉森·康纳斯、苏·达勒姆、埃米尔·爱德华兹、基思·高斯曼、琳达·哈里森、布莱尔·哈奇、麦迪
逊·兰普希尔、芭芭拉·摩尔、凯特·罗素、DJ 塞勒斯、罗伯特·斯塔巴克博士和南·沃伦
xi
Julia wishes to thank the many workshop participants, voice students, and
choristers who have motivated me to learn and share more! Special thanks
to the North Shore Choral Society, North Park University choirs, Trinity
United Methodist Church Chancel Choir, and members of the Canadian
Chamber Choir (who have participated avidly in over 100 workshops!). In
addition, thank you to my family and especially my awesome husband
Martin and our kids (who regularly sing through straws with me!). You
inspire me to keep learning and you keep me laughing! Thanks to dear
friend Emily for being there when the going got tough and to Pauline, Steve’s
wife, who has not only supported Steve through this 2nd edition, but also
took care of my children while were writing in North Carolina! And, of
course, to Steve. Your work ethic and curiosity are simply boundless,
perhaps only eclipsed by your kindness and patience! Thank you for
jumping in again with me on this! Finally, I dedicate this book to Antonia
Syson, a dear friend and passionate student of voice who was very proud of
the irst edition and would have whole-heartedly supported this one. You are
missed and remembered.
朱莉娅希望感谢许多研讨会参与者,声音学生和合唱团成员,他们激励我学习和分享更多!特别感谢北岸合唱协会,北公园大学合唱团,三一联
合卫理公会教堂圣坛合唱团,以及加拿大室内合唱团的成员(他们热情地参加了 100 多个研讨会!)。此外,感谢我的家人,尤其是我令人
敬畏的丈夫马丁和我们的孩子(他们经常和我一起通过吸管唱歌!)。你激励我继续学习,你让我开怀大笑!感谢亲爱的朋友艾米丽,当情况变
得艰难时,她在那里,感谢史蒂夫的妻子宝琳,她不仅通过这第二版支持史蒂夫,还在北卡罗来纳州写作时照顾我的孩子!当然,还有史蒂夫。
你的职业道德和好奇心是无穷无尽的,也许只是被你的善良和耐心所掩盖!谢谢你再次和我一起参与这件事!最后,我把这本书献给安东尼娅 ·
西森,她是一位亲爱的朋友和热情的声音学生,对第一版非常自豪,并会全心全意地支持这本书。你被想念和记住了。
Steve thanks Dr. Larry Abernathy and members of the Chancel Choir of Kirk
of Kildare Presbyterian Church for their warm welcome when he moved to
North Carolina. While working on the second edition, I had the opportunity
to participate in the CCM Vocal Pedagogy Institute at Shenandoah University.
This was a delightful experience that helped to conirm our approach to
incorporating contemporary styles in this edition. My wonderful wife,
Pauline, has been extraordinarily supportive of this effort, as she was with
the irst edition. Our adult children, Paul and Evelyn, have provided us with
interludes of laughter throughout the process. Evelyn, whose art adorns our
home, created a marvelous new cover design which is at once modern and
evocative of our irst edition. Julia, as always it is a pleasure to work with you,
whether writing or singing. You are the consummate professional!
简介:风格灵活的声乐技巧指南
The better conductors, teachers, and singers understand effective vocal
technique and the science underlying it, the more readily they can apply
these concepts to both individual and ensemble singing. While there are
excellent resources that concentrate on one of three areas: vocal science,
vocal pedagogy, or choral rehearsal technique, this book integrates the three.
指挥家、教师和歌手越了解有效的声乐技巧及其背后的科学,他们就越容易将这些概念应用于个人和合唱。虽然有优秀的资源集中在三个领域之
一:声乐科学、声乐教育学或合唱排练技术,但这本书整合了三者。
在我们的第一版中,我们介绍了一种基于权威教学资源和声乐科学研究的古典声乐技术方法。对当代声音训练的需求越来越大。我们现在正处于
对当代风格和重要的当代风格声乐教育学资源的大量研究使我们能够以与第一版相同的综合格式解决不同风格的声乐技术。
我们的观点是,声乐技巧元素的变化是歌手可以用来以几乎任何风格唱歌的工具。我们相信,所有歌手都可以灵活地创造声音。对于正在寻找他
们最适合的风格的发展中的歌手来说尤其如此,他们最感兴趣的。对于有经验的歌手来说,其他风格的培训增加了灵活性和市场可行性。
style (legit). For this reason, we use the term “contemporary styles” to
encompass both CCM and musical theatre.
尽管如此,这个术语近年来有所发展。音乐剧现在被许多人视为一个独立的类别(Edwards&Hoch,2018)。它需要能够演唱
各种 CCM 风格以及古典音乐的变体
1
2 声乐技巧:古典和当代风格指南
This book does not address the intricacies of interpretive nuances and
performance practices of any given style. Rather, our approach is to present
commonalities and differences concerning the elements of vocal technique.
For information about detailed performance practices of contemporary
styles, we recommend the So You Want to Sing series of books sponsored by
the National Association of Teachers of Singing. We reference several of
these volumes in this book.
《》
第二版报道
The major technique issues comprehensively covered in the first edition are
included in this edition:
第一版全面涵盖的主要技术问题包含在本版中:
CHAPITRE XVI
Coniaguié
Le pays de Coniaguié et le pays de Bassaré. — Limites. — Frontières. —
Aspect général du pays. — Hydrologie. — Orographie. — Constitution
géologique du sol. — Faune. — Animaux domestiques. — Les bœufs. —
Les poulets. — Les pintades. — Flore. — Productions du sol. — Cultures.
— Populations. — Ethnographie. — Ethnologie. — Sociologie. — Opinions
diverses sur l’origine des Coniaguiés et des Bassarés. — Les villages. —
Les habitations. — La nourriture.
— La coiffure. — Le vêtement. — Organisation de la société. — La
famille. — Rôle de la femme dans les affaires publiques. — Religion. —
La guerre. — Les armes. — Fabrication de la poudre. — Langage. —
Situation politique actuelle. — Rapports des Coniaguiés avec leurs
voisins. — Notes diverses sur les Bassarés.
Tamba-Coumba-Coto.
Navaré-Maninka-Counda. Iguigui-Maninka-
Counda.
Yffané-Maninka-Counda (Il y a trois petits villages Malinkés
de ce nom autour du village Coniaguié).
Uttiou-Maninka-Counda.
Yokounkou-Maninka-Counda (Trois villages Malinkés de ce
nom autour du village Coniaguié).
Kidaqui-Maninka-Counda.
Tatini-Maninka-Counda.
Idiri-Maninka-Counda (Trois villages Malinkés de ce nom).
Feddé-Maninka-Counda (Trois villages Malinkés de ce nom).
Karakaté.
Iguigui.
Benania.
Ouraké.
Poumoukia.
Tianané.
Kogani-Counda.
Yffané (résidence du chef du pays).
Ceddé.
Oussou (No 1).
Oussou (No 2).
Yokounkou.
Ygguissaia (No 1).
Ygguissaia (No 2).
Oussouqui (No 1).
Iviri.
Akoungou.
Bambou.
Cotta.
Kounkali (No 1).
Kounkali (No 2).
Yalloupadinia.
Uttiou.
Tiékaia.
Ouiané.
Ypparé.
Oussouqui (No 2).
Navaré.
Boumbou.
Boutinti.
Tatini.
Countifounti.
Tafoumaia.
Batianké.
Tiakourou.
Nouma.
Paqueni.
Oulousato.
Kidaqui.