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Assignment NO 1 (Skill Development)

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Assignment NO 1 (Skill Development)

Uploaded by

fc9j2sjy25
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment No 1

Submitted By: Arslan Ahmad


Serial No: L1F24LLBH0023
Course: Skill Development
Departmant: LLB (A)
Submitted To: SirHamza Naveed
Basic Components of Computer
A computer device comprises many parts that make the functioning and processing
smooth. There are five basic elements of the computer that make data processing easier
and convenient.

Computers, by definition, are the primary elements that are included in the system in
order to create a smooth and speedy operation of an electronic device. Five basic
components are there including:

• Input Device
• Output Unit
• Memory Unit
• Control Unit
• Arithmetical and Logical Unit

The outside of any computerized device appears different and also varies in features,
but the basic elements are the same for their functions.

Given below are the 5 components of a computer along with their purpose and
functions.

1. Input Unit

A computer will only respond when a command is given to the device. These commands
can be given using the input unit or the input devices.

For example: We can write things on a Notepad by means of a keyboard. The computer
processes the entered data and then displays the output of the same on the screen.
Data entered can be in numbers, alphabet, images, etc. We enter information with an
input device and the processing units convert it into a computer-understandable
language while final output is received in a human-understandable language.

2. Output Unit

When we ask a computer to do something, it comes back for the action taken and gives
us an answer. The answer is called output. There are many output devices connected to
a computer. The most elementary of which is a monitor. Whatever we type with the
keyboard or click with the mouse, is all displayed on the monitor.

Thus, the output unit gives us the final result when the entire processing is completed
inside the mechanism of a device.

For example: suppose we are visiting an ATM we will enter our details like language,
pin, amount to be withdrawn etc and then the actual cash given by the cash dispenser is
our output. In this above case, the cash dispenser is performing its job as an output unit.

3. Memory Unit

The moment we enter the data in the computer using an input device, it gets
automatically stored in the memory unit of the Central Processing Unit (CPU). Some
previous programming causes the Memory Unit to further forward the input data to
other portions of the CPU as well.

Similarly, when our command's output is processed by the computer, it saves its result
in the memory unit before giving its output to the user.

4. Control Unit
This is the basic unit that controls the entire functioning of the computer device. This is
one of the main components of the computer system.

The control unit gathers the data that is entered using the input unit, leads it on for
processing and once that is done, receives the output and presents it to the user. It can
be said to be the centre of all processing actions taking place inside a computer device.

Briefly, the Control Unit takes all of the instructions given, interprets the entered data,
gives the signal to execute the data, and finally retrieves the data.

5. Arithmetic & Logical Unit

All mathematical calculations or arithmetic operations are done in the Arithmetic and
Logical Unit of the CPU.

It can also act like doing a comparison of data as well as decision-making actions. The
ALU consists of circuits using which addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and
other numerical based calculations can be done.

6. CPU

The Central Processing Unit is the heart of any computer devices. It includes three major
constituents of the computer that are discussed above:

Arithmetic and Logical Unit


All these three units are of the CPU and together help in the effective working and
processing of data. It is also called the "Brain of Computer" and no action can be
conducted by a device without the execution and permission of the Central Processing
Unit.

Computers are used in quite many aspects of daily life, such as:
Communication
Computers enable people to share information and work together across the world. They
can be used for video conferencing, social media, and other online applications.

Business
Computers are used for business transactions, record keeping, and preparing
presentations.

Banking
Computers are used to manage accounts, process transactions, and keep track of records

Education
Computers are used in schools, colleges, and universities to aid learning with audio-
visual techniques and presentations

Entertainment
Computers are used for entertainment purposes such as watching movies, playing
music, and gaming.

Personal finance
Computers can be used to manage personal finances, pay bills, and create budgets

Transportation
Computers are used to control transportation routes, book tickets, and determine
departure times.

Healthcare
Computers are used in healthcare for monitoring patients, calibrating equipment, record
keeping, and communication

Data processing
Computers manipulate data, including converting raw data into a machine-readable
form.

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