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INBO Training Camp 2024-25

DPP-01
Genetics
1. Consider the following DNA sequence 5'- 3. Following statements have been made about
ATGGGCATAGACGATATGGTAG-3'. Insertion recombination in a diploid organism:
of G between 3rd and 4th position lead to frameshift I. Recombination could be identified by
mutation and non-functional protein synthesis. genotyping parents and offsprings for a pair of
Which intragenic suppressor mutation will have loci.
minimum effect on functioning of protein? II. Recombination frequency does not exceed 0.5,
(A) Insertion of nucleotide between 5th and 6th and therefore, 50 CM would be the maximum
position distance between two loci.
(B) Insertion of three nucleotide between 5th and III. Recombination is a reciprocal process.
6th position However, a non-reciprocal exchange may
(C) Deletion of a nucleotide between 5th and 6th cause gene conversion.
position
IV. Occasionally non-homologous recombination
(D) Deletion of a nucleotide between 11th and
happens and this functions as a source of
12th position
chromosomal rearrangement.
Select the combination with all correct statements.
2. In Drosophila, Bar eye (B) is a dominant mutation
(A) I, II, III (B) II, III, IV
while miniature wing (m) and yellow body colour
(C) I, II, IV (D) I, III, IV
(y) are recessive mutations. Heterozygous females
for these mutations were crossed to normal eyed
4. Epistasis is observed between different genes in
miniature winged and yellow body coloured males.
Assume the following progeny was obtained: flower color of sweet pea. A red variety on selfing
Phenotypes Number yields red : white in ratio 9 : 7. The precursors and
+
B m y+ +
30 intermediates give white color.
Bmy +
25 The following biochemical pathways were
Bm y + +
165 proposed for the above observations:
+ +
B my 120
Bmy 20
+
B my 185
+
Bm y 110
+ +
B m y 45
Based on the results obtained, the order of genes
will be:
I. B m y
II. m B y
The genetic distance between B and y will be: Which one of the options represents the correct
III. 40 cM pathway(s) that explains the observations?
IV. 17.1 cM (A) A only
The correct combination of answer is: (B) Both A and B
(A) I and III (B) II and III (C) Both B and C
(C) I and IV (D) II and IV (D) A, B and C
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5. A mitochondrial gene mutation in a plant species 8. Which of the following is correct match for Group
results in reduced ATP production. The researcher I and Group II.
crosses a wild-type male with a mutant female plant GROUP-I GROUP-II
and observes that all offspring exhibit the mutant (TYPE OF (F2 PHENOTYPIC
phenotype. INTERACTION) RATIO)
What can be inferred about this pattern of I. Recessive epistasis A. 12:3:1
inheritance? II. Dominant epistasis B. 13:3
(A) The mutation is nuclear, and the offspring III. Duplicate recessive C. 9:6:1
inherit it from both parents. epistatsis
(B) The mutation is maternal, and only the mother IV. Dominant and D. 9:3:4
passes it to the offspring. recessive epistasis
(C) The mutation is paternal, but it exhibits E. 9:7
incomplete penetrance. F. 15:1
(D) The mutation is recessive, and both parents (A) I - B, II - A, III - B, IV - E
carry the mutant allele. (B) I-F, II-C, III-B, IV-A
(C) I-D, II - A, III - E, IV - B
6. Let's suppose that a gene affecting pigmentation is (D) I - A, II - E, III - C, IV - D
found on the X chromosome (in mammals or
insects) or the Z chromosome (in birds) but not on 9. Ectrodactyly, also known as "lobster claw
the Y or W chromosome. It is found on an autosome syndrome," is a recessive disorder in humans. If a
in bees. This gene is found in two alleles, D (dark), phenotypically unaffected couple produces an
which is dominant to d (light). affected offspring, what are the following
What would be the phenotypic results of crosses probabilities?
between a true-breeding dark female and true- A. An offspring is a heterozygote.
breeding light male, and the reciprocal crosses B. The next three offspring will be
involving a true-breeding light female and true- phenotypically unaffected.
breeding dark male, in the following species? (A) A: 1/2 and B: 27/64 (B) A: 1/2 and B: 9/64
A. In birds and Drosophila Dark males and light (C) A: 1/4 and B: 27/64 (D) A: 1/4 and B: 9/64
females; reciprocal: all dark offspring
B. In Bees and Humans all dark offspring; 10. Following data is generated:
reciprocal: dark females and light males Phenotype Number
Which of the following statement is correct? LySbbr 400
(A) A only (B) B only ++++ 426
(C) A and B both (D) None of the above Ly + + 20
+Sbbr 14
7. The coat colors of mice are known to be governed Ly + br 75
by a multiple allelic series in which the allele AY +Sb+ 60
when homozygous, is lethal early in embryonic LySb + 3
development but produces yellow color when in + + br 2
heterozygous condition with other alleles. Agouti From the given data determine the correct gene
(mousy color) is governed by the A allele, and sequence and map the distance between each loci.
black by the recessive a. The dominance hierarchy (A) Br -Ly-Sb, 3.9mu between Ly and Br and
is as follows: AY > A > a. What phenotypic and 18mu between Br and Sb
genotypic ratios are expected in the viable F, from (B) Ly -Sb-Br, 3.9mu between Ly and Br and
the cross AY A \times AY a? 16mu between Br and Sb
(A) Phenotypic ratio: 3:1 Genotypic ratio: 1:2:1 (C) Ly -Br-Sb, 3.9mu between Ly and Br and
(B) Phenotypic ratio: 2: 1 Genotypic ratio: 2: 1 14mu between Br and Sb
(C) Phenotypic ratio: 2: 1 Genotypic ratio: 1: 1: 1 (D) Sb-Br-Ly, 5 mu between Sb and Br and 14mu
(D) Phenotypic ratio: 1:2:1 Genotyplc ratio: 2:1 between Br and Ly
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11. Mendel's law of segregation, as applied to the it was found that the obese mice had increased
behavior of chromosomes during cell division methylation in the promoter region of the Agouti
means that: gene, which was not observed in lean mice.
(A) Alleles of a gene separate from each other What is the most plausible explanation for the
when homologous chromosomes separate in inheritance pattern observed in this population?
meiosis. (A) The obesity trait is controlled by a Mendelian
(B) Alleles of a gene separate from each other dominant allele.
when chromatids separate in meiosis II. (B) The obesity trait is due to an X-linked
(C) Alleles of a gene separate from each other recessive allele.
when homologs separate in meiosis I, or when (C) The obesity trait is the result of epigenetic
chromatids separate in meiosis II if there is a inheritance involving DNA methylation.
cross over between the gene and the (D) The obesity trait is governed by mitochondrial
centromere. inheritance.
(D) Alleles of a gene separate from each other
when chromatids separate in meiosis 1, or 14. In a particular species of mammal black hair (B) is
when homologs separate in meiosis II if there dominant to green hair (b) and red eyes (R) are
is a cross over between the gene and the dominant to white eyes (r). If a BbRr individual is
centromere. mated with a bbrr individual the expected
phenotypic ratio of the offspring is 1 black-red: 1
12. The pattern of inheritance shown by extranuclear black-white: 1 green-red: 1 green-white. However,
genes is known as extranuclear inheritance and it when you mate these individuals you find that the
differs strikingly from the pattern shown by nuclear phenotypic ratio of the offspring is 6 blackred: 1
genes. black-white : 1 green-red : 6 green-white.
I. Ratios typical of Mendelian segregation are What could account for this difference?
not found, because meiosis-based Mendelian (A) Green-haired individuals have a higher
segregation is not involved. prenatal mortality than black-haired
II. In multicellular eukaryotes, the results of individuals.
reciprocal crosses involving extranuclear (B) The genes for hair color and the genes for eye
genes are not the same as reciprocal crosses color are carried on different chromosomes.
involving nuclear genes, because meiosis- (C) The expected results did not take genetic
based Mendelian segregation is not involved. recombination into account.
III. Extranuclear genes can be mapped to the (D) The genes for hair color and eye color are
chromosomes in the nucleus. linked.
IV. Extranuclear inheritance can be affected by
substituting a nucleus with a different 15. Genomic imprinting is generally due to the addition
genotype. of methyl (–CH3) groups to C nucleotides in order
Which of the following statements are TRUE for to silence a given gene. If this depends on the sex
extranuclear inheritance? of the parent who transmits the gene, which of the
(A) I and II (B) I, II and III following must be true?
(C) II, III and IV (D) I, III and IV (A) Methylation of C is permanent in a gene.
(B) Genes required for early development stages
13. A researcher is studying a population of mice where must not be imprinted.
some exhibit an obese phenotype. The obesity trait (C) Methylation of this kind must occur more in
is inherited even when the mice are crossbred with males than in females.
lean mice, and the offspring remain obese (D) Methylation must be reversible in ovarian and
regardless of their diet. Upon further investigation, testicular cells.
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Answer Key
1. (C) 9. (A)
2. (B) 10. (C)
3. (D) 11. (C)
4. (B) 12. (A)
5. (B) 13. (C)
6. (C) 14. (D)
7. (C) 15. (D)
8. (C)

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