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Microcontroller Units.pptm 1

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7 views

Microcontroller Units.pptm 1

Uploaded by

eahrio2009
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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 A microcontroller (MC)

or microcontroller unit (MCU) has a


CPU as the main part and other parts
like RAM, ROM, I/O ports, and timers on
a single chip.

 It is different from microprocessors


which have Input/ output ports, timers
and other peripherals connected as
 Microcontrollers are integral components in
the electronics sector, functioning as the
central unit in an array of devices, from
simple household gadgets to complex
industrial systems. Microcontrollers are
designed for embedded applications, in
contrast to the microprocessors used
in personal computers or other general-
purpose applications consisting of various
discrete chips.
 Microcontrollers are suitable for applications
which have limits on size and cost by reducing
the size and cost compared to a design that uses
a separate microprocessor, memory, and
input/output devices, microcontrollers make
digital control of more devices and processes
practical. Few examples of Microcontrollers are:
 1.) Arduino
 2.)PIC Microcontroller
 3.) 8051 Microcontroller and etc.
 1.) Microcontrollers are efficient, as they can
make use of the same logic to perform many
diverse functions.

 2.) Microcontrollers simplify the design of


families of products.

 3.) They use more logic to implement


functions.
 Microcontrollers are used in automatically
controlled products and devices, such as
automobile engine control systems,
implantable medical devices, remote
controls, office machines, appliances, power
tools, toys, and other embedded systems.

 (NOTE: An embedded system is a


specialized computer system—a combination
of a computer processor, computer memory,
 An Embedded system is
a microprocessor/microcontroller based
smart system, constituted of
both hardware(electronics must)
& software(programming) and designed to
perform a set of tasks.
 By reducing the size and cost
compared to a design that uses a
separate microprocessor, memory,
and input/output devices,
microcontrollers make digital
control of more devices and
processes practical.
 A microcontroller can be considered a
self-contained system with a processor,
memory and peripherals and can be
used as an embedded system.[24] The
majority of microcontrollers in use today
are embedded in other machinery, such
as automobiles, telephones, appliances,
and peripherals for computer systems.
 While some embedded systems are
very sophisticated, many have
minimal requirements for memory
and program length, with
no operating system, and low
software complexity. Typical input
and output devices include,
 Switches
 Relays
 Solenoids
 LED's
 Small or custom liquid-crystal displays
 Radio frequency devices
 Sensors for data such as temperature
 Humidity
 Light level
 etc.
 An Embedded Software is a piece of
programming code, has to be uploaded in
ROM(read-only memory) of the Embedded
Controller & enables the embedded system
to perform specific tasks.

 NOTE: (ROM stands for Read-Only Memory.


It is a non-volatile memory that is used to
store important information which is used to
operate the system. As its name refers to
 An Embedded Controller is a key component
of an embedded system, which stores
programming code in its ROM(read-only
memory) and performs assigned tasks. An
embedded controller is of two types:
 Microcontroller: Arduino, PIC
Microcontroller, Atmel etc. (Low-Level
Programming: Assembly Language, C
programming etc.)

 Microprocessor: RaspberryPi, FPGA,


BeagleBone, ArduinoYUN etc. (High-Level
Programming: Python, C++ etc.)
 In order to power up an Embedded
Controller, we need to design an electronics
hardware circuit, which we can
call Embedded Hardware.

 In the case of microcontrollers, we also need


to design its electronics basic circuit, to
provide operating frequency.
 1.) Specific Function
 2.) Specific Algorithm
 3.) User Interface
 4.) Real-Time Operation
 5.) Multi-Operational
 Available System Memory
 Available Processor Speed
 Power Dissipation
 IN AREAS SUCH AS:
 Automobiles
 Telecommunication
 Consumer Electronics
 Computer
 Homes
 Offices
 THEY INCLUDE:
 Anti-lock brakes.
 Auto-focus camera.
 Teller machines.
 Automatic toll systems.
 Automatic transmission.
 Avionic systems, and etc.

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