QUEST

DUELING IDEOLOGIES: THE REFORMIST LA LIGA

FILIPINA VS. THE REVOLUTIONARY KATIPUNAN IN
THE QUEST FOR PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE
 Guide
OV

QUESTIONS
Can a peaceful approach to reform achieve the same results as an
immediate, radical revolution?
Is it possible for gradual change to address urgent and deep-rooted issues
effectively?
What are the potential risks and rewards of opting for armed struggle over
diplomatic negotiation?
How do you determine the best strategy when faced with oppressive
systems that resist change?
Tw
Li
La
T
ap
O
im

Would the Philippines have achieved independence sooner or more

effectively through one approach over the other?
S
Introduction
OVERVIEW
Two significant organizations in Philippine independence: La
Liga Filipina and The Katipunan.
La Liga Filipina: Founded by José Rizal, reformist approach.
The Katipunan: Founded by Andrés Bonifacio, revolutionary
r

approach.
Objective: Compare founding contexts, goals, methods,
impacts, and legacies.
FOUNDING AND
HISTORICAL
CONTEXT
FOUNDING AND
HISTORICAL
CONTEXT
La Liga Filipina
Founder: José Rizal
Date: July 3, 1892
Purpose: Peaceful reform and
societal improvement.
 FOUNDING AND
HISTORICAL
CONTEXT G
L
L

Katipunan L
Th

TT

a
nd
Founder: Andrés Bonifacio
Date: July 7, 1892
Purpose: Armed struggle for
immediate independence.
D Metho

M
OPE

OP

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

Method

OPERA

OPE

The Katipunan
The K
La

La Liga Filipina
Unity: Cohesion and national identity.
A
or
A
in
C
au
ar

Independence: Complete separation

Mutual Aid: Legal and economic
from Spain.
r

support.
Moral Education: Principles of
Education and Reform: Promote
morality and civic duty.
education and societal improvements.
Civic Responsibility: Fight against
Defense Against Injustice: Protection
tyranny and protect the oppressed.
from violence and oppression.
D
M
M

Methods of
M

O
ES
Th

OPERATION
Method
PUBL
AN
OPERA

OPE

lipina

LaThe

La Liga Filipina The Katipunan A

or
A
in
C
au
ar

Approach: Open and formal

organization. Approach: Secret society with a
Activities: Public advocacy, educational hierarchical structure. A
o
A
i
C
a
a

initiatives, community support. Activities: Coded communication,

Challenges: Repressed by Spanish initiation rituals, secret meetings.
authorities, disbanded after Rizal’s Focus: Armed conflict and revolutionary
arrest. tactics.
D
M
M

PUBLIC PERCEPTION
of M

Imp

O
ES
LEGA

AND SUPPORT
Method

OPERA

OPE

na

La Liga Filipina
ana
punan

The Katipunan
a

La Liga
The Katipu

A
or
A
in
C
au
ar

View: Moderate reformist.

r

View: Radical revolutionary.

Support: Educated Filipinos
Support: Widespread grassroots
favoring gradual change.
A
o
nary A
i
C
a
a

participation.
Criticism: Seen as ineffective in
Impact: Mobilized significant
addressing immediate
action towards independence.
independence needs.
D
M
M

Impact and
of M
Ch

O
ES
ERCEPTION
PPORT

Method

LEGACY
OPERA

OPE

na

La Liga Filipina The Katipunan

unan
an
lipina
punan
a

A
or
A
in
C
au
ar

Contribution: Fostered Filipino Contribution: Catalyzed the

nationalism and cultural foundations. Philippine Revolution of 1896, leading
A
o
nary A
i
C
a
a

Limitations: Did not achieve direct to independence in 1898.

independence. Consequences: Internal conflict and
ots
n the Philippine-American War.
D

Challenges and Limitations M

M

of M
CO

O
ES
Yand
ERCEPTION
PPORT

LA LIGA FILIPINA
Method

OPERA

OPE

na

Repression by Spanish Government: Suppressed by authorities,

limited effectiveness.
Slow Pace of Reform: Gradual approach failed to meet urgent
unan
an
lipina
punan
a
needs.
a La
so
Th
in
ru
Co
re
Bo
an

unan
ipina

A
or
A
in
C
au
ar

tions.
THE KATIPUNAN
Internal Divisions: Disagreements and logistical issues weakened
ect

ng

nd

A
o
nary A
i
C
a
a

unity.
Significant Casualties: High loss of life and societal disruption.
ots
n

Societal Disruption: Chaos and breakdown of social order during

the revolution.
D

CONCLUSION
M
M

of M

O
allenges
ES
Yand
ERCEPTION
PPORT

and Limitations

Method

OPERA

OPE

Summary
N

na

La Liga Filipina’s reformist strategy aimed for gradual change and

unan
an
lipina
punan
a

aes,

unan
ipina

societal improvement within the colonial framework. A

or
A
in
C
au
ar

r The Katipunan’s revolutionary tactics sought immediate

tions.
ect

ng
independence through armed conflict, leading to the end of Spanish
rule but with significant violence.
nd

A
o
nary A
i
C
a
a

Comparison highlights the debate between peaceful reform and

ots
n

revolutionary action, each with unique advantages and challenges.

Both organizations played crucial roles in shaping Philippine history
and the quest for independence.
 CONCLUSION
Summary
La Liga Filipina’s reformist strategy aimed for gradual change and
societal improvement within the colonial framework.
The Katipunan’s revolutionary tactics sought immediate
independence through armed conflict, leading to the end of Spanish
rule but with significant violence.
Comparison highlights the debate between peaceful reform and
revolutionary action, each with unique advantages and challenges.
Both organizations played crucial roles in shaping Philippine history
and the quest for independence.