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8 views

Physics

Uploaded by

son vu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topic: Kinematics – Motion in One Dimension

1. Introduction to Kinematics

Kinematics is the branch of physics that deals with the description of motion. It focuses on
understanding how objects move, without considering the causes of the motion.

 Key Concepts:
o Displacement: A vector quantity that refers to the change in position of an object.
It is measured in meters (m).
o Distance: A scalar quantity that refers to how much ground an object has covered
during its motion.
o Velocity: A vector quantity that describes the rate of change of displacement. It
can be defined as:

v=ΔxΔtv = \frac{\Delta x}{\Delta t}v=ΔtΔx

Where:

o vvv = velocity (m/s)


o Δx\Delta xΔx = displacement (m)
o Δt\Delta tΔt = time interval (s)
o Speed: A scalar quantity that describes the rate of motion, calculated as:

Speed=Total DistanceTotal Time\text{Speed} = \frac{\text{Total Distance}}{\text{Total


Time}}Speed=Total TimeTotal Distance

o Acceleration: A vector quantity that describes the rate of change of velocity. It is


calculated as:

a=ΔvΔta = \frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t}a=ΔtΔv

Where:

o aaa = acceleration (m/s²)


o Δv\Delta vΔv = change in velocity (m/s)
o Δt\Delta tΔt = time interval (s)

2. Types of Motion

 Uniform Motion: When an object moves at a constant speed in a straight line, the motion
is called uniform.
 Non-Uniform Motion: When an object’s speed or direction of motion changes over
time, it is non-uniform motion.

3. Equations of Motion (For Uniformly Accelerated Motion)

These are the equations that describe the motion of an object under constant acceleration:

1. First Equation of Motion (Relating velocity and acceleration):

v=u+atv = u + atv=u+at

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