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Data Type, Variable(2)(2)

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21 views17 pages

Data Type, Variable(2)(2)

Uploaded by

pranav.garg1006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Program Structure

Data Type, Variable

Introduction to Computational Thinking 2


Lesson Objectives

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:


• Explain the following concepts:
- Variables
- Assignment operator
- Arithmetic operators
- Basic numeric data types

• Use variables, assignment operator, arithmetic operators,


and basic numeric data types in coding

Introduction to Computational Thinking 3


Topic Outline

Variables

Assignment Operator

Arithmetic Operators

Basic Numeric Data Types

Introduction to Computational Thinking 4


Scenario 3: Find the Distance Traveled

Introduction to Computational Thinking 5


Scenario 3: Find the Distance Traveled

+ 7
4

Introduction to Computational Thinking 6


Variables

In most computer programs, we need data storage to represent and store data temporarily.

A variable is like a labeled box that contains a value inside it.

Why abstraction (give names to values of expression)?

• Reuse names instead of values


- Helpful in keeping track of useful information without
needing to remember a bunch of numbers

moneyInWallet moneyInWallet priceOfChickenRice priceOfCoffee

• Easier to change the code later

Introduction to Computational Thinking 7


Variable Names and Values

Each variable has its:

• Name: e.g., priceOfChickenRice

• Value: e.g., 2.8

Name Value
priceOfChickenRice = 2.8
priceOfChickenRice 2.8

Introduction to Computational Thinking 8


Expressions

Expression: anything that produces/ returns a value

• combination of values (e.g., literal, variables, etc.) and operations (e.g., operators, functions, etc.)

moneyInWallet priceOfChickenRice priceOfCoffee

Examples
• 3.14
• 100*15
• Result *100

Introduction to Computational Thinking 9


Assignment Operator

Assignment Operator: binds variables and values

The ‘=‘ sign is the assignment operator, not the equality in mathematics.

When we see: We mean:

x = 7.1 We have a variable called x and a value of 7.1 assigned to it.

We evaluate the value of the expression (7*2 -5), that is 9 and


x=7*2–5
assign a value of 9 to x.
x=x+7 We recall the value of x, add 7 to it, and assign the expression result to x.

Introduction to Computational Thinking 10


Assignment Operator

Basic Syntax

Left Hand Side (LHS) = Right Hand Side (RHS)

a variable an expression

Assignment means:

1. Evaluate the expression on RHS

2. Take the resulting value and assign it to the name (variable) on the LHS.

Introduction to Computational Thinking 11


Basic Numeric Data Types: Integers and Floats

Integers • are like whole numbers, including the negative numbers

• can be negative {–1, –2, –3, – 4, – 5, …}, positive {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …}, or zero {0}

Integers: {…, –5, –4, –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …}

Integers

–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5

Whole Numbers

Floats Represent real numbers; allow fractions (e.g., 2.8, 7.1, 9.0001)

Introduction to Computational Thinking 12


Arithmetic Operators

• Used in common arithmetic

• Each arithmetic operator is a mathematical function that takes one/ two operand(s) and
performs a calculation on them

• Most computer languages contain a set of such operators that can be used within
equations to perform a number of types of sequential calculation

Different programming languages support


arithmetic operators in different ways.

Introduction to Computational Thinking 13


Scenario 3: Find the Distance Traveled - Flowchart

Flowchart

start

Read horizonDist

Read vertDist
3
dist = horizonDist + vertDist

+ 7 Display distance travelled


4 between these two points

end

Introduction to Computational Thinking 14


Question to Ponder Before Coding Scenario 3

For the next lesson…

• How many variables should you define?

• What is the data type of each variable?

• Do you need assignment operator in your program?

• Do you need arithmetic operators in your program?

Introduction to Computational Thinking 15


Summary

Binding variables and values


Name
• equal sign is an assignment of a
• descriptive value to a variable name
• meaningful • value is stored in computer memory
Variable: • helps you re-read code • an assignment binds a name to a
Abstracting has • cannot be keywords value
expressions • retrieve value associated with name
or variable by invoking the name

Value Basic Data Types Arithmetic


Operators:
• information stored • integers
• can be updated • floats + – × ÷
More on this later..

Introduction to Computational Thinking 16


References for Images

No. Slide No. Image Reference


Money in the wallet [Online Image]. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from
1 7, 9
https://torange.biz/money-wallet-1376/.

By No machine-readable author provided. Terence assumed (based on copyright


claims). - No machine-readable source provided. Own work assumed (based on
2 7, 9
copyright claims)., CC BY 2.5,retrieved April 18, 2018 from
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=696774.

Nilsson S. (2014). Cup of coffee [Online Image]. Retrieved April 17, 2018 from
3 7, 9
https://www.flickr.com/photos/infomastern/14956851150.

By User:Bobarino - Made by following Information.png, CC BY-SA 3.0, retrieved


4 13
April 18, 2014 from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=9180601.

Question problem [Online Image]. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from


5 15
https://pixabay.com/en/question-problem-think-thinking-622164/.

Introduction to Computational Thinking 17

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