Shenzhen Hi-Link Electronic Co., Ltd.

HLK-LD2410S
Low Power Human Presence Sensor Module
User manual

Version: V1.2 Revised date: 2023-10-31 Copyright by @ Hi-Link Electronic Co., Ltd.
 HLK-LD2410S
Shenzhen Hi-Link Electronics Co.,Ltd
User manual

Content
1. Introduction of HLK-LD2410S ........................................................................................................... 1
2. System description ............................................................................................................................... 3
3. Hardware description ........................................................................................................................... 5
3.1. Hardware LD2410S ......................................................................................................................5
4. Software description ............................................................................................................................ 6
4.1. Firmware Configuration .............................................................................................................. 6
4.2. Upper computer tool description .................................................................................................7
4.3. View/set parameters .....................................................................................................................8
4.4. Target information ..................................................................................................................... 10
4.5. Update the firmware .................................................................................................................. 13
5. Communication protocol ................................................................................................................... 14
5.1. Use commands to set parameters .............................................................................................. 14
5.2. Format of reported data ............................................................................................................. 14
5.3. Send commands and ACK .........................................................................................................14
5.3.1. Read the firmware version command ................................................................................ 14
5.3.2. Enable configuration command ......................................................................................... 15
5.3.3. End configuration command .............................................................................................. 15
5.3.4. Write Serial number command .......................................................................................... 16
5.3.5. Read serial number command ............................................................................................ 16
5.3.6. Write generic parameter commands .................................................................................. 17
5.3.7. Read common parameter commands ................................................................................. 18
5.3.8. Write threshold parameter command .................................................................................18
5.3.9. Read threshold parameter command ..................................................................................20
5.3.10. Write the SNR parameter command ................................................................................ 21
5.3.11. Read the SNR parameter command ................................................................................. 22
6. Installation and detection range ......................................................................................................... 24
7. Mechanical dimensions ......................................................................................................................26
8. Installation instructions ......................................................................................................................27
9. Precautions .........................................................................................................................................28
10. Version history .................................................................................................................................29
Statement ................................................................................................................................................30
 HLK-LD2410S
Shenzhen Hi-Link Electronic Co.,Ltd
User manual

1. Introduction of HLK-LD2410S
HLK-LD2410S is LD2410S series of battery-powered ultra-low power human presence
millimeter wave sensor developed by Hi-Link, including extremely simplified 24 GHz millimeter
wave sensor hardware LD2410S and low power human presence sensing intelligent algorithm
firmware.

The hardware LD2410S is equipped with AIoT millimeter wave sensor, high performance 24
GHz one-and-receive antenna and peripheral circuit; The low power intelligent human body sensing
algorithm uses millimeter wave sensor distance measurement technology and ICL1112 chip
advanced proprietary radar signal processing and low power control technology to achieve accurate
perception of moving, micromotion and standing human body. The low-power human presence
sensing algorithm firmware is mainly used in indoor scenarios. It detects whether there is a moving
or fretting human body in the area in low-power mode and refreshes the detection results in real
time.

The maximum sensing distance of HLK-LD2410S to the moving human body is 10 m, and the
triggering and holding thresholds of different intervals, the human presence state, the reporting
frequency of the target human distance, and the reporting time of no one. HLK-LD2410S supports
GPIO and UART interfaces, plug and play, flexibly applied to different intelligent scenarios and
end products.

HLK-LD2410S main features are as

follows:
 Equipped with single-chip smart  Report detection results in real time
millimeter wave sensor SoC and
 Provides visualization tools for configuring
intelligent algorithm firmware
detection range intervals and target
 Ultra-small sensor size:20 mm × 20 mm
disappearance delay
 Loads the default sensing configuration,
plug and play  Support induction range division, completely
 24 GHz ISM frequency band, can be shield any interference outside the range
certified by FCC, CE, and non-  Close range 0.2m sensing, no detection blind
commission spectrum regulations area
 3.3 V power supply, Supports a wide  The maximum sensing distance of the moving
voltage range of 3.0 V to 3.6 V human body is 10 m
 Average working current 0.1 mA@1 Hz
Reporting frequency  The detection angle is large, and the horizontal
 Detection targets are moving, covering angle is ±60° when mounting the
micromoving and stationary human bodies
wall
 Supports wall mounting
 Support API online upgrades
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User manual

HLK-LD2410S battery-powered ultra-low power consumption human body millimeter wave

sensors can detect and identify moving, micro-moving and stationary human bodies, widely used in
various AIoT scenarios, covering the following types:
 Smart home  Smart security

Sensing the presence and distance of

Intelligent door lock, induction access
moving objects such as human body, and
control, building intercom, digital door viewer,
reporting the detection result, so that the
etc.
main control module can intelligently
 Intelligent lighting
control the operation of household
Recognition and perception of the human
appliances.
body, accurate position detection, can be used
 Smart Business
in public lighting equipment (induction lights,
bulb lights, etc.).
Identify the proximity or distance of
the human body within the set distance
interval; Light the screen in time to keep
the device bright when the human body is
present.

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User manual

2. System description
HLK-LD2410S is a battery-powered ultra-low-power millimeter-wave sensor based on Hi-
Link's millimeter-wave sensor chip. The sensor uses FMCW FM continuous wave, radar signal
processing and built-in intelligent low-power body sensing algorithm to detect the human body
target in the set space and update the detection results in real time. With this millimeter-wave sensor
reference solution, users can quickly develop their own precise, low-power body sensing products.

The hardware LD2410S is mainly composed of a fully integrated intelligent millimeter wave
sensor SoC, a 24 GHz antenna and a main control MCU. The software part is combined with the
low-power human presence sensing algorithm firmware and visual configuration tool released by
Hi-Link to realize the human body sensing function that can flexibly configure sensing distance,
trigger and hold thresholds, unreported time and data refresh rate.

Table 2-1 lists the specifications of HLK-LD2410S:

Table 2-1 HLK-LD2410S specification

Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Remark
HLK-LD2410S
Hardware
specifications
Comply with
FCC, CE, no
Supported frequency committee
24 - 24.25 GHz
band Certification
standard
Maximum scanning
- 0.25 - GHz -
bandwidth supported
Maximum equivalent
omnidirectional - 10 - dBm -
radiated power
Power supply 3.0 3.3 3.6 V -
Size - 20 × 20 - mm2 -
Ambient temperature -40 - 85 °C -
HLK-
LD2410SSystem
performance
Range detection Moving human
- 10 - m
range object detection
(Wall hanging, 1.5 Stationary human
- 4 - m
meters high) target detection
Average working
0.04 0.12 0.6 mA Office scene
current
Data refresh cycle 1 40 60 s Configurable

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User manual

Power consumption of each parameter

Medium refresh rate power consumption: average 349 uA

Maximum refresh rate power consumption: average 446 uA

Minimum refresh rate power consumption: average 45 uA

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User manual

3. Hardware description
3.1. Hardware LD2410S
Figure 3-1 shows both sides of the hardware LD2410S. The hardware LD2410S reserve five
pin holes (factory supplied pins) called J2 for power supply and communication. J1 is the SWD
interface for burning and debugging MCU programs.

（a）Front （b）Back

Figure 3-1 Front and rear of the hardware LD2410S

For details about the pins of J1 and J2, see Table 3-1 and Table 3-2.

Table 3-1 J1 pin description

Functio
J#PIN# Name Remark
n
J1Pin1 GND Grounding -
J1Pin2 DIO SWDInterface data cable 0~3.3V
J1Pin3 CLK SWDInterface clock line 0~3.3V
J1Pin4 3V3 Power input 3.0V~3.6V, Typ. 3.3V

Table 3-2 J2 pin description

J#PIN# Name Function Remark

J1Pin1 3V3 Power input 3.0V~3.6V, Typ. 3.3V
J1Pin2 GND Grounding -
J1Pin3 OT1 UART_TX 0~3.3V
J1Pin4 RX UART_RX 0~3.3V
IO, which is used to report the detection status: the high level
J1Pin5 OT2 0~3.3V
is manned, and the low level is unmanned

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User manual

4. Software description
This chapter introduces the firmware debugging of HLK-LD2410S and the use of upper
computer tools. When commissioning or using a millimeter wave sensor, the upper computer can be
powered by the USB serial port adapter. At the same time, TX, RX, and GND of the millimeter
wave sensor can be connected to the corresponding ports on the USB serial port adapter board. (For
details about the pin connection between the sensor and the USB serial port adapter, see Table 4-1.)
The user can also use the panel power supply, and connect the TX, RX and GND of the panel to the
corresponding interface of the USB serial port adapter board (the TX, RX and GND of the panel are
connected to the corresponding pins of the sensor with the same name). Because the connection
modes of the two power supply modes are similar, this chapter only describes the method of using
the upper computer power supply.

HLK-LD2410S factory has burned low-power human presence sensor algorithm firmware,
firmware version see the sensor packaging. Hi-Link provides visual upper computer configuration
tool software for hardware LD2410S, which is convenient for developers to configure parameters of
HLK-LD2410S according to the use scenario and optimize the induction effect.
4.1. Firmware Configuration
This section describes the way to debug the sensor HLK-LD2410S firmware using a third-party
serial port tool.

Step 1. Connect the host computer to the millimeter wave sensor through the USB-to-TTL
serial port adapter board. Table 4-1 and Figure 4-1 show the pin connections;

Table 4-1 Pins mapping between a millimeter wave sensor and a USB serial port adapter
Millimeter Serial
wave adapter
sensor board
RX TXD
OT1 RXD
GND GND
VCCI
3V3
O

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User manual

Figure 4-1 Connection between the hardware LD2410S and the USB serial port board

Step 2. Open the device manager of the upper computer and obtain the serial port number of the
serial port where the millimeter wave sensor is located;

Step 3. Open the third-party serial port tool, select the serial port number of the millimeter wave
sensor, set the serial port baud rate to 115200, and then click "Open Serial port".

(or the same function) button to view the detection result of the current sensor at the output end
of the tool interface.
4.2. Upper computer tool description
This section describes the use of the upper computer tool for HLK-LD2410S to help users
understand the meaning of related parameters and how to obtain related parameters.

Note: Host tools and third-party serial tools cannot be used at the same time!

Before using the functions of the upper computer tool, the user should first connect HLK-
LD2410S with the upper computer tool, the steps are as follows:

Step 1. Obtain the upper computer tool "HLK-LD2410S_TOOL" supporting HLK-LD2410S from the
official website of Hi-Link;

Step 2. Connect the mmwave sensor to the host using the serial port adapter, as shown in Figure 4-1.

Step 3. Open the host tool, click Refresh button, select the serial port number of the MMwave sensor
from the Serial Port drop-down list, and confirm that Baud rate is 115200. Then click Connect Device
to connect the host computer to the sensor.

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User manual

(a)Before device connection

(b)After device connection

Figure 4-2 HLK-LD2410S_TOOL

As shown in Figure 4-2(a), the upper computer tool interface can be divided into three areas:
Device operation area (Zone1), function button area (Zone2), and function page area (Zone3).

After the host tool is successfully connected to the MMwave sensor, the sensor firmware
version and sensor Serial Number (serial number) are displayed in the Zone1 area of the interface.
The default SN of the sensor is 12345678. The current parameter values of the millimeter wave
sensor are displayed in the View/Set Parameters area, as shown in Figure 4-2(b).
4.3. View/set parameters
On the page shown in Figure 4-3, you can view the current parameters of the MMwave sensor
and modify the parameters to meet the requirements of specific application scenarios.

The steps to read the parameters of the millimeter wave sensor using the upper computer tool
are as follows:

 After connecting HLK-LD2410S to the upper computer tool, click the "Read sensor Settings"
button in the "Parameter view/Setting" function page, the page will pop up the "Read

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User manual

parameters successfully" prompt window, and display all the current parameter values of the
millimeter wave sensor, click "OK" to close the prompt window.

Figure 4-3 Page for reading sensor parameters on the host

The steps to change one or more sensor parameters using the host tool are as follows:
Step 1: After connecting HLK-LD2410S with the host computer tool, enter new parameter
values for all parameters that need to be changed in the "Parameter view/Setting" function page;
Step 2. Click the "Write sensor Settings" button on the current page, and the upper computer
will write the parameter values in the current interface to the sensor. After success, a "Write parameter
successfully" prompt window will pop up on the page, and click "OK" to complete the parameter
setting.

If you need to restore the parameter Settings of the sensor to the default Settings, click "Reset"
on the "Parameter View/Setting" function page. The upper computer tool will send the default
parameters to the sensor and update the parameters on the "Parameter View/Setting" function page.
Table 4-2 describes the parameters on the Parameter View/Set page of the host
tool.

Table 4-2 Describes the parameters on the host tool page

Function
Name of Range of
of Unit
parameter parameter
parameter
Minimum
detection Minimum effective detection distance of the sensor 0~11.20 m
distance
Maximum
detection Maximum effective detection distance of the sensor 0~11.20 m
distance
Status
reporting Frequency at which the sensor reports a manned/unoccupied state 0.5~8 Hz
frequency
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User manual

Range
The frequency at which the sensor reports the distance to the target
reporting 0.5~8 Hz
when it's manned
frequency
Response Normal/Fa
The sensor detects the response speed of an unoccupied area -
speed st
Report time
The delay time required for the target state reported by the sensor to
when no one 0~120 s
change from human to non-human
was there
Trigger Absolute threshold of energy value of 0-7 distance gate when no one to
10~95 dB
threshold man state
Trigger SNR The SNR relative threshold of the distance gate from 8 to 15 when no
5~63 dB
threshold one is in the occupied state
Holding Absolute threshold of energy value of 0~7 distance gates for detecting
10~95 dB
threshold human micromotion and maintaining human state
Maintain the The SNR relative threshold of 8~15 distance gate for detecting human
5~63 dB
SNR threshold micromotion and maintaining human presence
4.4. Target information
The "Target Information" page of the upper computer tool shows the human body sensor
detection results and real-time data, and provides related operations to save the detection data of the
millimeter wave sensor.

As shown in Figure 4-4, the function page of the “Target Information” page can be divided
into four areas:
 a Target result  c Real-time data display area;
display area;  d Data save operation area.
 b Function button
area;

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Figure 4-4 Target Information page of the host

Table 4-3 describes the areas on the “Target Information” page.

Table 4-3 describes the functions of each area on the Target Information page
Page Descripti
Function
area on
The color of the light indicates
the movement/micro- Green means no one;
movement/absence of the Red means someone;
Lantern icon Blue means there is a person and the body is at rest.
human target in the detection
a area
Displays whether there is a human target and its motion
Target information Displays the detected target state, and between the human body and the sensor
text box information Straight line distance (m).
"Start/Stop" switch button when "Start" is displayed,
"Playback/Stop" Plays back/stops displaying the this button can be clicked, otherwise this button is gray
toggle button specified detection data and cannot be clicked.
b Turn on/pause the sensor for
"Start/Stop" toggle -
human presence sensing detection
button
The color progress bar above the coordinates displays
Real-time display of unmanned the presence/absence of people in the detection area in
real time: green indicates no one, red indicates
"Distance VS time" information detected by the
someone; Blue means there is a person and the body
c real-time detection sensor in the last 60 seconds and is at rest.
data display the distance information of the The red curve at the bottom of the coordinate chart
detected human target shows the historical straight-line distance between the
target and the sensor in the last 60 s.

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This area can only be operated when the text of the

"Start/Stop" button in Zone b displays "Start";
You can choose whether to save After checking the "Data save" option, you can select
the detection data and set the the saving path of detection data by clicking the "Select
d Save data
path for saving the detection data path" button. If no path is selected, the detection data is
saved in the directory where the host software resides.

The steps for viewing the target information detected by the millimeter wave sensor using the upper
computer tool are as follows:

Step 1. After connecting HLK-LD2410S with the upper computer tool, click the "Target
Information" button to switch to the functional page. At this time, the upper computer tool
automatically starts the detection function of the millimeter wave sensor, the "Start/Stop" switch
button in section b of the page displays "Stop", and the corresponding target information begins to be
displayed in real time in areas a and c of the page.

Step 2. Click the "Start/Stop" switch button again to pause the detection of the millimeter wave
sensor.

The steps to save the test data using the upper computer tool are as follows:

Step 1. After connecting HLK-LD2410S with the upper computer tool, click the "Target
Information" button to switch to the function page, and then the upper computer tool automatically
opens the detection function of the millimeter wave sensor;

Step 2. Click the "Start/Stop" switch button to stop the detection function of the sensor. The
text of the button switches to "Start", and the function control of saving data in d area becomes
operational;

Step 3. Click the check box before "Save data" to enable the function of saving data;

Step 4 (Optional). Click the "Select Path" button to select a path to save the detection data.

The steps to play back the test data using the upper computer tool are as follows:

Step 1. After connecting HLK-LD2410S with the upper computer tool, click the "target
information" button to switch to the function page, and the upper computer tool will automatically
open the detection function of the sensor;

Step 2. Click the "Start/Stop" switch button to stop the sensor detection function. The text of
the button changes to "Start", and the "Playback/Stop" button becomes clickable;

Step 3. Click the "Playback/Stop" button and select the path where the test data to be played is
located. After the completion, the function page of the upper computer tool will start to play the test
data, and the text of the "Playback/Stop" button will be changed to "Stop";
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Step 4 (Optional). Click the "Playback/Stop" switch button to stop data playback; Users can
also wait for the playback process to complete before proceeding with other operations.

4.5. Update the firmware

Figure 4-5 shows the Firmware Update page for the host. The steps to update the firmware of
the MMwave sensor using the upper computer tool are as follows:

Step 1. After connecting HLK-LD2410S with the host computer tool, click the "Update
Firmware" function button to switch to the function page;

Step 2. Click the "Get Firmware Information" button. The ID and firmware information of the
current device will be displayed below and to the right of the button.

Step 3. Click the "Select bin file path" button to select the required.bin file;

Step 4. Click the "Burn" button to update the firmware. The prompt box on the right will
display the download result in real time, and the bin file information and the current download
progress will be displayed at the bottom.

Figure 4-5 Firmware upgrade page for the host

After the firmware is successfully upgraded, the message "Download succeeded!" is displayed.
When the firmware upgrade fails, an error message is displayed in the information box.

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5. Communication protocol
This communication protocol is mainly used by users who need to do secondary development
without visual tools. HLK-LD2410S battery-powered Ultra-low power consumption The human body
has a millimeter-wave sensor to communicate with the outside world through a serial port (TTL level).
Sensor data output and parameter configuration commands are carried out under this protocol. The
default baud rate of the serial port on the sensor is 115200. The port has 1 stop bit and no parity bit.
5.1. Use commands to set parameters
Basic procedure:

1.Enter the command mode.

2.Set parameter commands or obtain parameter commands.

3.Exit the command mode.

HLK-LD2410S data communication uses a small-endian format, and all data in the following table is
hexadecimal.
5.2. Format of reported data
Table 5-1 describes the formats of the data reported by sensors.
Table 5-1 Reported data formats
Frame Intra-frame Object Reserved
Target state Frame end
head data length distance Bits

1 byte（0/1 indicates no one;

2 bytes
F4F3F2F1 2 bytes 2/3 Indicate someone） 34 bytes F8F7 F6F5
（unit：cm）
5.3. Send commands and ACK
5.3.1. Read the firmware version command
This command reads the sensor firmware version.

Command word：0x0000

Command value：None

Returned value ： 2 bytes major version number + 2 bytes minor version number + 2 bytes patch
version number

Send data:

Intra-frame
Frame head Command word Frame end
data length
FDFCFBFA 0200 0000 04030201

ACK (Success) :
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Intra-frame Command Equipment Version Major Minor Patch

Frame head Frame end
data length word type type version version version
FD FC FB FA 0E 00 00 01 00 00 00 80 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 04 03 02 01
5.3.2. Enable configuration command
Any other command sent to the sensor can be executed only after this command is sent.
Otherwise, it is invalid.

Command word: 0x00FF

Command value: 0x0001

Intra-frame
Frame head Command word Command value Frame end
data length
FD FC FB FA 0400 FF00 0100 04030201

Return value: 2-byte protocol version（0x0001）

Send data：

ACK（Success）：

Intra-frame Protocol
buffer
Frame head data length Command word Enable version Frame end
size
number
FD FC FB FA 0800 FF01 0000 0300 8000 04030201
5.3.3. End configuration command
This command enables the sensor to stop the parameter configuration mode and resume the
working mode. If you want to run other commands again, you need to send the enable configuration
command first.

Command word：0x00FE

Command value：None

Return value：2-byte ACK status (0 succeeded, 1 failed)

Send data:

Intra-frame
Frame head Command word ACK Frame end
data length
FDFCFBFA 0400 FE01 0000 04030201

ACK(Success):
Intra-frame
Frame head data length Command word Frame end
FDFCFBFA 0200 FE00 04030201
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5.3.4. Write Serial number command

This command writes the sensor serial number.

Command word: 0x0010

Command value: 2 bytes serial number length + 8 bytes serial number

Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 succeeded, 1 failed)

Send data: (for example：SN is 12345678)

Serial
Intra-frame Command
Frame head number Serial number Frame end
data length word
length
FD FC FB FA 0C00 10 00 0800 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 04 03 02 01

ACK(Success):
Intra-frame Command
Frame head ACK Frame end
data length word
FD FC FB FA 0400 1001 0000 04030201
5.3.5. Read serial number command
This command reads the sensor serial number.

Command word：0x0011

Command value：None

Return value：2-byte ACK status (0 succeeded, 1 failed) + 2-byte serial number length + 8-
byte serial number

Send data:

Intra-
Frame head frame data Command word Frame end
length
FDFCFBFA 0200 1100 04030201

Sensor ACK：（Success, serial number: 12345678）

Serial
Frame Intra-frame Frame
Command word ACK number Serial number
head data length end
length
FDFCFBFA 0E00 1101 0000 0800 3132333435363738 04030201

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5.3.6. Write generic parameter commands

This command is used to set the general parameters of a sensor.

Command word: 0x7000

Command value: (2-byte parameter word + 4-byte parameter value)*N

Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 succeeded, 1 failed)

Send data: (For example："Detect farthest distance gate" =12; "Detect nearest distance gate" =
0; "No one delay time (seconds)" = 40; “Status reporting Frequency ” = 0.5 Hz. "Distance reporting
frequency" = 0.5Hz; “Response Speed” = Normal）

Frame head Intra-frame data length Command word Detect the farthest Detect the nearest
distance gate distance gate
FDFCFBFA 2600 7000 05000C000000 0A0000000000
Unattended delay Frequency of distances
Frequency of status reporting Respond speed Frame end
time (s) reporting
060028000000 020005000000 0C0005000000 0B0005000000 04030201

ACK（Success）：

Intra-frame
Frame head Command word ACK Frame end
data length
FD FC FB FA 04 00 70 01 00 00 04 03 02 01

Table 5-2 describes the parameters and value ranges of common parameters.
Table 5-2 The definition of Parameter word and value range of the common parameter

Name of Parameter Range of

Unit
parameter word value
Detect the
farthest 05 1~16 -
distance gate
Detect the
nearest 0A 0~16 -
distance gate
Unmanned
06 10~120 s
delay time
Trigger refresh
0B 0.5~8（0.5 step） Hz
rate
Maintain the
0C 0.5~8（0.5 step） Hz
refresh rate
Response 5(Normal)/
0B -
speed 10(Fast)

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5.3.7. Read common parameter commands

This command reads the configuration parameters of the sensor.

Command word：0x7100

Command value: (2 bytes parameter word)*N

Return value: (4bytes parameter word)*N

Send data:

Frame head Intra-frame data Command word Detect the farthest Detect the nearest
length distance gate distance gate
FD FC FB FA 0E 00 71 00 05 00 0A 00
Frequency of
Unattended Frequency of status
distances Respond speed Frame end
delay time (s) reporting
reporting
06 00 02 00 0C 00 0B 00 04 03 02 01

ACK: (Successful example:

"Detect farthest distance gate" = 12; "Detect nearest distance gate" = 0; "No one delay time
(seconds)" = 40; “Status reporting Frequency” = 0.5 Hz. "Distance reporting frequency" = 0.5Hz;
“Response Speed” = Normal)
Intra-frame data Command Detects the farthest Detects the nearest
Frame header ACK
length word distance gate distance gate
FD FC FB FA 1A 00 71 01 00 00 0C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Unattended delay Frequency of Frequency of distances
Respond speed Frame end
time (s) status reporting reporting
28 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 04 03 02 01

5.3.8. Write threshold parameter command

This command is used to set trigger and hold threshold parameters for the distance gate 0 to 7
of a sensor.

Command word: 0x7200

Command value: (2-byte parameter word+ 4-byte parameter value)*N

Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 succeeded, 1 failed)

Send data: (For example:

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0 Distance gate trigger threshold = 50; 1 Distance gate trigger threshold = 46;
2 Distance gate trigger threshold = 34; 3 Distance gate trigger threshold = 32;

4 Distance gate trigger threshold = 32; 5 Distance gate trigger threshold = 32;
6 Distance gate trigger threshold = 32; 7 Distance gate trigger threshold = 32;

0 Distance gate keeping threshold=50; 1 Distance gate keeping threshold=46;

2 Distance gate keeping threshold=32; 3 Distance gate keeping threshold=30;

4 Distance gate keeping threshold=30; 5 Distance gate keeping threshold=30;

6 Distance gate keeping threshold=30; 7 Distance gate keeping threshold=30)

0 distance gate 1 distance gate 2 distance gate 3 distance gate

Intra-frame Command Trigger Trigger Trigger Trigger
Frame head
data length word threshold threshold threshold
threshold
0000 32 0100 2E 02 00 2E 0300 20
FDFCFB
6200 7200
FA 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00

5 distance gate 6 distance gate 7 distance gate 0 distance gate 1 distance gate 2 distance gate
4 distance gate
Trigger Trigger Trigger Holding Holding Holding
Trigger threshold
threshold threshold threshold threshold threshold threshold
0400 20 0500 20 0600 20 0700 20 0800 32 09 00 2E 0A0020

0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00

4 distance gate 5 distance gate 6 distance gate 7 distance gate

3 distance gate
Frame end
Holding Holding Holding Holding
Holding threshold
threshold threshold threshold threshold
0B001E 0C001E 0D001E 0E001E 0F00 1E
04030201
0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00

ACK(Success):

Intra-frame
Frame head Command word ACK Frame end
data length
FDFCFBFA 0400 7201 0000 04030201

Table 5-3 describes the trigger and hold threshold parameters word for the distance gate 0 to 7
of the sensor.

Table 5-3 the definition of trigger and hold threshold parameters word
Parameter name Parameter word
Trigger threshold (0~7
0~7
distance gate)
Holding threshold (0~7
8~15
distance gate)
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5.3.9. Read threshold parameter command

This command is used to read the trigger and hold thresholds of the distance gate 0 to 7 of the
sensor.

Command word: 0x7300

Command value: (2-byte parameter word) * N

Ruturn value: (4-byte parameter value) * N

Send data:
0 distance gate 1 distance gate 2 distance gate 3 distance gate
Intra-frame Command Trigger Trigger Trigger Trigger
Frame head
data length word threshold threshold threshold
threshold
FDFCFB 2200 7300 0000 0100 0200 0300
FA
5 distance gate 6 distance gate 7 distance gate 0 distance gate 1 distance gate 2 distance gate
4 distance gate
Trigger Trigger Trigger Holding Holding Holding
Trigger threshold
threshold threshold threshold threshold threshold threshold
0400 0500 0600 0700 0800 0900 0A00

4 distance gate 5 distance gate 6 distance gate 7 distance gate

3 distance gate
Frame end
Holding Holding Holding Holding
Holding threshold
threshold threshold threshold threshold
0B00 0C00 0D00 0E 0F00 04030201
00

ACK(Success): (For example:

0 Distance gate trigger 1Distance gate trigger 2 Distance gate trigger 3 Distance gate trigger
threshold =50; threshold=46; threshold= 34; threshold=32;
4 Distance gate trigger 5 Distance gate trigger 6 Distance gate trigger 7 Distance gate trigger
threshold= 32; threshold= 32; threshold= 32; threshold= 32;
0 Distance gate 1 Distance gate 2 Distance gate 3 Distance gate
holding threshold= 50; holding threshold= 46; holding threshold= 32; holding threshold=30;
4 Distance gate 5 Distance gate 6 Distance gate 7 Distance gate
holding threshold= 30; holding threshold= 30; holding threshold= 30; holding threshold= 30;)

0 distance gate 1 distance gate 2 distance gate

Intra-frame Command Trigger Trigger Trigger
Frame head ACK
data length word threshold threshold
threshold

FDFCFB
4400 7301 0000 32000000 2E000000 22000000
FA
3 distance
4 distance gate 5 distance gate 6 distance gate 7 distance gate 0 distance gate 1 distance gate
gate
Trigger Trigger Trigger Trigger Holding Holding
Trigger
threshold threshold threshold threshold threshold threshold
threshold

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20000000 20000000 20000000 20000000 20000000 32000000 2E000000

2 distance
3 distance gate 4 distance gate 5 distance gate 6 distance gate 7 distance gate
gate
Frame end
Holding Holding Holding Holding Holding
Holding
threshold threshold threshold threshold threshold
threshold

20000000 1E000000 1E000000 1E000000 1E000000 1E000000 04030201

5.3.10. Write the SNR parameter command

This command is used to set the trigger and hold SNR parameters of the sensor.

Command word: 0x7400

Command value: (2-byte parameter word + 4-byte parameter value) * N

Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 succeeded, 1 failed)

Send data: (example:

08 Distance gate trigger SNR =15; 09 Distance gate trigger SNR = 15; 10 Distance gate trigger
SNR = 15;

11 Distance gate trigger SNR = 15: 12 Distance gate trigger SNR = 15; 13 Distance
gate trigger SNR = 15;

14 Distance gate trigger SNR = 15; 15 Distance gate trigger SNR = 15;

08 Distance gate hold SNR = 09; 09 Distance gate hold SNR = 09; 10 Distance gate
hold SNR = 09;

11 Distance gate hold SNR = 09; 12 Distance gate hold SNR = 09; 13 Distance gate
hold SNR = 09;

14 Distance gate hold SNR = 09; 15 Distance gate hold SNR = 09)

8 Distance 9 Distance 10 Distance 11 Distance

Intra-frame Command gate trigger gate trigger gate trigger gate trigger
Frame head
data length word SNR SNR SNR SNR
0000 0F 01000F 0200 0F 03000F
FDFCFB
6200 7400
FA 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00

12 Distance 13 Distance 14 Distance 15 Distance 8 Distance 9 Distance 10 Distance

gate trigger gate trigger gate trigger gate trigger gate hold gate hold gate hold
SNR SNR SNR SNR SNR SNR SNR
0400 0F 05000F 0600 0F 0700 0F
0800 09 0900 09 0A0009
0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00

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12 Distance 13 Distance 14 Distance 15 Distance

11 Distance
gate hold gate hold gate hold gate hold Frame end
gate hold SNR
SNR SNR SNR SNR
0B0009 0C0009 0D0009 0E00 09 0F00 09
0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 04030201

ACK(Success):

Intra-frame Frame
Frame head Command word ACK
data length end
FDFCFBFA 0400 7401 0000 04030201

Table 5-4 describe the definition of 8 to 15 range gate trigger and hold SNR parameter name.

Table 5-4 Definition of trigger and hold SNR parameter word

Parameter
Parameter name
word
Trigger SNR（8~15 distance gate） 0~7
Hold SNR（8~15 distance gate） 8~15
5.3.11. Read the SNR parameter command
This command is used to read the trigger and hold SNR parameters of the sensor.

Command word: 0x7500

Command value: (2-byte parameter word) * N

Return value: (4-byte parameter value) * N

Send data:
8 Distance 9 Distance 10 Distance 11 Distance
Intra-frame Command gate trigger gate trigger gate trigger gate trigger
Frame head
data length word SNR SNR SNR SNR
FDFCFB
2200 7500 0000 0100 0200 0300
FA
12 Distance 13 Distance 14 Distance 15 Distance 8 Distance 9 Distance 10 Distance
gate trigger gate trigger gate trigger gate trigger gate hold gate hold gate hold
SNR SNR SNR SNR SNR SNR SNR

0400 0500 0600 0700 0800 0900 0A00

12 Distance 13 Distance 14 Distance 15 Distance

11 Distance
gate hold gate hold gate hold gate hold Frame end
gate hold SNR
SNR SNR SNR SNR
0E
0B00 0C00 0D00 0F00 04030201
00

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ACK(Success): (Example:

08 Distance gate trigger SNR =15; 09 Distance gate trigger SNR = 15; 10 Distance gate trigger
SNR = 15;

11 Distance gate trigger SNR = 15: 12 Distance gate trigger SNR = 15; 13 Distance gate
trigger SNR = 15;

14 Distance gate trigger SNR = 15; 15 Distance gate trigger SNR = 15; 08 Distance gate hold
SNR = 09;

09 Distance gate hold SNR = 09; 10 Distance gate hold SNR = 09; 11 Distance gate hold SNR
= 09;

12 Distance gate hold SNR = 09; 13 Distance gate hold SNR = 09; 14 Distance gate hold SNR
= 09;

15 Distance gate hold SNR = 09)

8 distance gate 9 distance gate 10 distance

Intra-frame Command gate
Frame head ACK Trigger Trigger
data length word Trigger
threshold threshold
threshold
FDFCFB
4400 7501 0000 0F000000 0F000000 0F000000
FA
11 distance 12 distance 13 distance 15 distance
14 distance gate 8 distance gate 9 distance gate
gate gate gate gate
Trigger Holding Holding
Trigger Trigger Trigger Trigger
threshold threshold threshold
threshold threshold threshold threshold

0F000000 0F000000 0F000000 0F000000 0F000000 09000000 09000000

10 distance 11 distance 12 distance 14 distance 15 distance

13 distance gate
gate gate gate gate gate
Frame end
Holding
Holding Holding Holding Holding Holding
threshold
threshold threshold threshold threshold threshold

09000000 09000000 09000000 09000000 09000000 09000000 04030201

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6. Installation and detection range

The recommended installation method of HLK-LD2410S is wall mounting. Figure 6-1 shows
the position of the millimeter wave sensor when it is mounted on a wall. Where the X-axis direction is
0°, the Z-axis direction is 90°, and the Y-axis is perpendicular to the X-Z plane (also called the normal
line direction).

Figure 6-1 Sensor orientation diagram

The recommended wall mounting height is 1.5 to 2 m. In this case, the maximum motion
sensing range of the HLK-LD2410S in the default configuration is a conical space with a normal
direction of 8 m and an Angle of ±60° between the horizontal and pitching directions, as shown in
Figure 6-2.

Figure 6-2 Schematic diagram of HLK-LD2410S detection range (wall hanging)

When the mounting height is 1.5 m, Figure 6-3 shows the detection range of the HLK-
LD2410S for the stationary, micro-moving, and moving human body in all directions.

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Figure 6-3 Sensing range for wall mounting

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7. Mechanical dimensions
Figure 7-1 shows the mechanical dimensions of the hardware LD2410S. All units are mm. The
LD2410S has a plate thickness of 1.2mm with a tolerance of ±10%.

Figure 7-1 Hardware LD2410S Mechanical dimensions

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8. Installation instructions
Millimeter wave sensor housing requirements

If the millimeter wave sensor needs to be installed with a housing, the housing must have good
transmittance in the 24 GHz band and must not contain metals or materials that shield electromagnetic
waves. For more precautions, please refer to《 MMWAVE Sensor Radome Design Guide_Hi-Link》.

Installation environment requirements

 This product needs to be installed in a suitable environment, if used in the following environments,
the detection effect will be affected;

 There are non-human objects in continuous motion in the sensing area, such as animals, curtains
that continue to swing and large green plants facing the tuyere;

 There is a large area of strong reflection plane in the sensing area, and the strong reflection will
cause interference to the sensor antenna;

 When mounting on the wall, it is necessary to consider external interference factors such as air
conditioners and electric fans on the top of the room.

Precautions during installation

 Try to ensure that the radar antenna is facing the area to be detected, and that the antenna is open
around it.

 To ensure that the installation position of the millimeter wave sensor is firm and stable, the
shaking of the sensor itself will affect the detection effect.

 Ensure that there is no movement or vibration on the back of the millimeter wave sensor. Due to
the penetrating nature of millimeter waves, the antenna back lobe may detect moving objects on
the back of the sensor. A metal shield or a metal backplane can be used to shield the antenna back
flap to reduce the impact of objects on the back of the sensor.

 When there are multiple millimeter wave sensors in the 24 GHz band, do not beam correctly and
install them as far away as possible to avoid possible mutual interference.

Power supply precautions

The input voltage range of the power supply is 3.0V ~ 3.6V, and the power supply ripple has no
obvious spectral peak within 100 kHz. This scheme is a reference design, users need to consider the
corresponding ESD and lightning surge electromagnetic compatibility design.

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9. Precautions
Maximum detectable range

The maximum detection range of the sensor HLK-LD2410S is 8 m radial distance. Within the
detection range, the sensor reports the straight-line distance between the target and the sensor.

Maximum distance and accuracy

Theoretically, the measuring error of the sensor in this reference scheme is ± 0.35m; Due to
the different body type, state and RCS of the human target, the ranging accuracy will fluctuate, and the
farthest detection distance will also fluctuate.

Target disappearance delay time

When the millimeter wave sensor detects that there is no human body in the target area, it will
not immediately report the "no one" state in the area, but a delay. The delayed reporting mechanism is
as follows: once no human target is detected within the test range, the sensor will turn on the timing,
which is the duration of no one. If no one is detected continuously during the timing, the state of "no
one" will be reported after the end of the timing. If someone is detected during this time period, the
timer ends immediately, updates the timer, and reports the target information.

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10. Version history

Version Time Modification
1.00 2023/10/12 First edition
1.1 2023/10/21 Modify some parameter descriptions
1.2 2023/10/31 Modify the connection graph error description

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Statement
Technical and reliability data (including data sheets), design resources (including reference
designs), application or other design recommendations, network tools, security information and other
resources (" these Resources ") are provided "as is" by Hi-Link without warranty of any kind, express
or implied, and without warranty of any kind. Including, but not limited to, express or implied
warranties of fitness, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement of any third party
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including but not limited to, arising from the application or the use of any of our products and circuits.

Hi-Link reserves the right to publish information in this document (including but not limited to
metrics and product descriptions) and any changes to the Company's products involved without notice,
and this document automatically supersedes and replaces all information provided in previous
versions of the same document number file.

These resources are available to skilled developers who design with Hi-Link products. You
will be solely responsible for: (1) selecting the appropriate Hi-Link products for your application, (2)
designing, validating, and operating your application and products throughout its life cycle, and (3)
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Hi-Link grants you the right to use these resources only for the development of the application
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individual may arbitrarily extract, copy part or all of these resources, and may not be transmitted in
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The products offered by Hi-Link are subject to Hi-Link's Terms of Sale or other applicable
terms that accompany Hi-Link products. The provision of these resources does not extend or
otherwise alter the applicable warranties or warranty disclaimers issued by Hi-Link with respect to Hi-
Link products.

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Technical support and contact way

Shenzhen Hi-Link Electronic Co., Ltd

Address：17F Building E, Xinghe WORLD, Minzhi Street, Long Hua district,
Shenzhen 518131
Phone：0755-23152658/83575155
Email: [email protected]
Website：https://www.hlktech.net/

Page 31 32 pages in total