Equilibrium of Coplanar Forces
Equilibrium of Coplanar Forces
Principles of equilibrium:
An object is said to be in equilibrium if the resultant force and the resultant couple acting on
the object is zero.
Hence
XF, =
directions:
for
0,
any
F, = 0
object in equilibrium
where xand
we have
are taken along any two mutually perpendicular
Also,EMA =0.... where A could be any point on or outside the object i.e. the algebraic
sum of moments of allforces and couples acting on the object, about any point is zero.
e.g. In the given example verify whether the abovementioned conditions are satisfied.
20 N 10 N 30 N
2m 4m 10 N
180 Nm
2m
10 N
a body has forces (two or more) acting at only two points on then it is called
If a two force
it,
member. For both these points we can find the resultant of all the forces acting at that point.
Thus we get two resultants at these two points.
B
B
Q
R2
F
F
B
R B
A
A
FE/Mechanics -Sem
1
it
d) If
triangle.
R P
Q=T
P=W
FBD
Q=W
R
R FBD FBD
R P
Lami's theorem:
If three forces acting at a point are in equilibrium, the ratio of any of the forces to the sine of
B P
R
P
180 - Y
180-ß 180"
Tngortant
P R
{Sin (180 - 0)= sin 0}) Appl'catto
sin a sin ß sin y
1
Hints for solving
any equilibrium problems:
to be
of Equlibrium equations
no.
Maximum and solved.
Type of force system can written
unknowns which
be solved
2 EF, = 0,EF, =0
Concurrent
ZF, =0,SMA =0
2 or MA =0,ŽMs = 0
Parallel
3
General
or.ŽMA =0, Ma = 0, ,Mc= 0
Types of equilibrium:
Stable equilibrium
if:
A body is said to be in unstable equilibrium
Neutral equilibrium
be in stable equilibrium if :
A body is said to
Tutorials
Equilibrium 25 Sharpwell
FE/Mechanics- Sem 1 Prof. Manish Nadkarni -Cell: 9820993770
Inany problem involving a body in equilibrium it is extremely important to first draw the Free
Body diagram (FBD) of the rigid body.
Points to remember:
a) Remove all the supports and show only the support reactions.
b) Obtain the directions and angles of all the forces using the original figure in the
question and use these angles to draw the FBD.
Show only external forces in the FBD. External forces are forces exerted by the
surroundings on the object. Internal forces are forces exerted by one part of the
object on another part of the object. These are not to be shown in the FBD. To
decide which forces are internal and which are external, first clearly define the
object whose FB) is being drawn. An FBD could be drawn separately for each
object or a combined FBD could be drawn for two or more objects.
Forces to be shownin the FBD are:
a. Allexternal loads
b. Self weight of the object
c. All support reactions. Toprtart
e Give proper namesto the unknown forces.
all
f) Show all relevant angles and dimensions in the FBD. Name the unknowns.
e.g.
Rough floor
Tutorials
Equilibrium 26 Sharpwell
Prof. Manish Nadkarni - Cell:
FE/ Mechanics -Sem 1
98209937
it
a support on horizontal ground offers only a vertical force
around the point. Hence roller
reaction.
Diag.
KO
Support
reactions
Diag.
Support
reactions
Equilibrium
27 Sharpwell
Tutorials
FE/ Mechanics- Sem 1 Prof. Manish Nadkarni –Cell: 9820993770
50N !
40 N
30 N 60°
5 cm
Q
51A roller of weight 1000 N rests on a
P
smooth inclined plane. It is kept from
rolling down the plane by a string AC.
Find the tension in the string and the
2 A(30 kg) pipe is supported at A by a reaction at the point of contact D.
system of five chords. Determine the force |T=733 N,R=897 N
6Suy
].
in each chord for equilibrium.
| =339.5 N, TAE = 169.7 N,
TAB 2024 15°
TRD = 490.5 N, Tce = 562.3 N)
W= 1000 N
D
45°(
B
60°/\4
60°
FE/Mechanics - Sem 1
98209937
[10.9°] 40°7
4m m 4m
2
6Jne
B C
b) reaction at
[T=300N, Cx = 250N(),
Cy = 260N()]
3 A 200 mm
25 15o
301
WA = kg 1 WB = 4 kg 150mm
TA =1 cm rB = 4 cm mm
B 400 N
9Aman raises a 10 kgof length 4 m
joist 200
3m
B 60°
Equilibrium
FE / Mechanics -Sem 1 Prof. Manish Nadkarni -Cell: 9820993770
131 Find the support reactions HA., VA, MA 15] Two cylinders with weights 2000 N
at A. Take the radius of pulley 150 mm. and 1000 N are resting on smooth inclined
Neglect the weight of the column, pulley planes having inclinations 60° and 45°
and cable. with the horizontal respectively. Bar AB is
[HA =3000N() weightless and has hinge connections.
VA =1000 N (1), 4 Find the magnitude of force P required to
MA =3300Nm ]
hold the system in equilibrium.
=
[FAB 2449 N, P = 535.8 N J
B
2000 N
P
mm
5000 N
60°
1200 1000 N
B
60° 450
300 mm
4 m
60°
m
2
A
D
2m
Tutorials
Sharpwell
30
Equilibrium
FE/ Mechanics - Sem 1 Prof. Manish Nadkarni -Cell:
9820993770
two strings A and B. What is the tension [P= 26 kN,Re =72 KN]
in the rope at B ? Assume the pulley to be
10 kN
frictionless. [147 N] 24 kN/m P
50kNm
A B
h25 kg B
2m 3m
1 m 2m
2 kN/m 30 kN
1 kN/m 10kN
1 kN/m 5kN/m 50 KN-mn
20°
A B
mrYYn
C
6 kN/m
3m 4m 3m
6m 6 m
20]
30 kN
5 kN/m 25 kN E 2m
1.5 m
A
D B B
4 m 4m
[VA=38.3 KN ( ), Ra = 25.98 KN ( ),
HA = 22.98 kN( )]
31 Sharpwell Tutorials
Equilibrium
FE/ Mechanics - Sem 1
Prof. Manish Nadkarni -Cell: 9820993770
24] Three cylinders are piled up in a 27] Determine the weight of block C and
rectangular channel as shown in figure. the value of angle for the equilibrium of
Determine the reactions at point 6 the system.
between the cylinder A and the vertical [0= 40.9°, We = 137.46 N ]
wall of the channel.[Cylinder A: radius =
4 cm, m = 15 kg, Cylinder B: radius = 6
cm, m = 40 kg, Cylinder C: radius 5 cm, =
m= 20 kg )
[R=161.85N, R, = 254.34N, 30°/NO
Ra= 946.64N, R4 = 980.99N,
Rs = 735.75N, R6 = 784.79N] B
120 N
150 N
[a=14.48°,B = 61.0°]
18 cm
A, = 0] L=
10 mi
S000 N
1.25|
m
A B
2.75 m
35kg
982099370
FE / Mechanics Sem 1
FE/ Mechanics
a 2 kg
spheres each
with
33] Three mass
may on a a box 760
30] The 30 kg collar slide
to
and 350 mm diameter rest in
35] TwO C
rod and connected mm
is
wide. Find: and ea
frictionless vertical
the value of h mm A as shown i
a 34 kg counter weight. Find Reaction of B on
for which the system is in equilibrium.
Reaction of the wall
on C Contact su
[h=750 mm ] on B reactions a
Rc = 115.4
h
A
A 30 kg B C
Collar 34kg
A
400 mm
760 mm
16 cm
3 m 2m 2m
Equilibrium
Equilibrium 33 Tutorlals
Sharpwell
FE / Mechanics- Sem 1 Prof. Manish Nadkarni -Cell: 9820993770
150 mm P
20kgl
f150 mm
B B
2
A
3
40] Forces act on the plate ABCD as
0.6 m shown in figure. The distance AB is 4 m.
Given thatthe plate is in equilibrium,find:
i. Force F
i. Angle a
ii. Distance AD
37] Determine the push force P required (F= 13 N, a =67.38, x =8.67]
to hold the 10 kg cylinder stationary on the
10° incline. Neglect the weight of the
handle. [18.8 N ] P
12 N 26 N
4 m
21 N
10° D
FE /Mechanics- Sem 1
98209937
from 75°
42] Determine the uniform
reaction
[R,= 500 N(+), Rp = 1300 N67.3°) ] of 80N is applied at S find the angle made
by PQ with the vertical in equilibrium
position. [13.24° ]
P
120
cm
50 80 N
cm R
P
Q
1200 N
Equilibrium
Tutorals
35 Sharpwell
FE / Mechanics -Sem 1 Prof. Manish Nadkarni -Cell: 9820993770
481 A 2m long bar AB of weight 100 N is 50]A bar 2m long and of negligible weight
hinged at A and is pulled by a cable rests in horizontal position on two smooth
attached at B by a force F. Find the force inclined planes. Determine the distance x
F and the magnitude and direction of the at which the load Q 100 N should be =
reaction at A if the bar is in equilibrium. placed from point B to keep the bar
[F=70.72 N, R= 136.6 N (60° 1 ) horizontal. [0.81m ]
F P= 200N Q= 100 N
30 0.5 m
1 m
m W= 100 N A
1
A 30°
B 40N
zero ?
A [0.417kN,5.417kN,0.9524kN/m].
500 N 4 KN/m
A
B
1 m 1m 1.5 m
Sharpwell Tutorials
Equilibrium
36
Prof. Manish
53]A Nadkarni -
rodAB of length 240 mm Cell:
10 N and weight
is resting
against a smooth 56] A smooth cylinder 98209T
with weight 20 N as cylinder
supports AB of with r
= 10
shown infigure. If
a bar
radius of cylinder length 30
AE is 180
is 80
and mm is hinged at A. The weight cm
mm, find all support
distance N. The cylinder
of
the bar
which
[HA =3.31 is kept from is50
N (), VA reactions. by the
Ro =3.82 N (38.62° =7N(1) AO
string of length
rolling
)1 Neglecting
20away
friction find the tension Cm
string.
(T=21.6 N] in the
B
R 80 mm
240 m
A D
30 m
180 mm
A
54] Find the support
for the
reactions at A, B, C
rigid
DEF supported by the
link
cylinders at D and F.DE = 57]For the system
[RA =12.14 KN, Ra EF =300 mm. of levers as
shown
=15.18kN, determine the
=
Rc 3.032 KN ] Cand D.
reactions at the points A,
B.
[
RA =320 N,Ra=560 N, Rc = 240N,
30° Ro =120N]
200 mm
180 N/m D
135o
D 45° 3m 4 m
B 200 mm
Determinesupportreactions
55] A right circular cylinder of diameter 40
58]
cm, open at both ends, rests on a smooth
horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder
there
[HA=10 KN (), VA = 127.32 KN(
),
are two spheres having weights and radii MA = 694.61kNm ]
as shown in figure. Find the minimum
weight of cylinder for which not
Over.
it will tip 20 kN 10 kN/mn 10 kN
|W2 A
5m 5m
Tutorkals
Equilibrium 37 Sharpwel
Mechanic
FE/ Meci
67] Find the reactions at the supports of
figure.
beam AB loaded as shown in
the
[RA=7.5 kN, Rg = 8.88 kN (76.18°)]
A tru
2 kN/m weldi
10 Nm 2 kN/m B Trus:
only
45° Ass
4m
3KN
6m 9m
2m 3m m
1
691 Find the reactions at the supports
Met
of the beam loaded as shown in figure.
Pro
20 kN/m
10 kN/m
20 kNm
A BTI
3m 6m
Truss