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PLATYHELMINTHES &ASCHELMINTHES

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19 views10 pages

PLATYHELMINTHES &ASCHELMINTHES

Uploaded by

thisvid21
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MV PPT ON ----------- PLATYHELMINTHES

1. The name platyhelminthes is derived from the Greek word platy -


flat and helminthes –worms. They are commonly called
flatworms.
2. They exhibit organ level of organisation & may be free living
(Turbellaria), ectoparasitic or endoparasitic.
3. They show bilateral symmetry and have dorsi-ventrally flattened
leaf-like or tape-like body.
4. They are triploblastic animals with three germinal layers i.e.
ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.
5. They are acoelomate animals where a true body cavity or
coelom is absent, and the space between the body organs is
filled with loose parenchyma.
6. The parasitic forms have suckers or hooks or both for attachment
to the host body and the epidermis is thick made up of cuticle.
7. The alimentary canal is either absent or highly branched. Anus
is absent. Hence have Incomplete digestive system. Some of
them absorb nutrients from the host directly through their
body surfaces.
8. Circulatory and respiratory systems are absent.
9. Excretory system consists of specialised cells called flame
bulbs or flame cells or protonephridia connected to the excretory
ducts. They help in osmoregulation and excretion.
10. Nervous system is Ladder-like with double ventral nerve
cords and many transverse nerves. Sense organs are poorly
developed.
11. Usually hermaphrodite animals.
12. Fertilization is internal and development is indirect with many
larval stages having one or more intermediate hosts.
13. Some members like Planaria possess high regeneration
capacity.
Examples of platyhelminthes include Planaria, Fasciola
hepatica(liver fluke), Taenia solium(tape worm) etc.,
Tapeworms exhibit false segmentation/pseudometamerism.
LADDER-LIKE
LADDER-LIKE NERVOUS
NERVOUS SYSTEM
SYSTEM

FLAME CELL
PHYLUM ASCHELMINTHES OR NEMATODA
General Characters
1. Aschelminthes (askos-cavity, helminthes-worms),
Nematoda (nema-thread, eidos-like) and are commonly
called round worms because they appear circular in cross
section.
2. They live as parasites in plants and animals. Round
worms are also free living and occur in fresh water, sea
water and soil.
3. They are un-segmented.
4. Round worms are the first group of animals to have
organ-system level of body organisation.
5. They are bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic animals.
6. They are pseudocoelomate animals with a false body
cavity called pseudocoel which is not lined by mesoderm.
7. Digestive system is complete with well developed
muscular pharynx.
8. Skeletal, respiratory and circulatory systems are absent.
9. The excretory system consists of gland cells or excretory
ducts or both that removes body wastes from the body
cavity through the excretory pore.
10. Sexes are separate (dioecious). Generally they show
sexual dimorphism; often females are longer than males.
Fertilization is internal. Asexual reproduction is absent.
Development may be direct or indirect.
Examples: Ascaris lumbricoides(round worm), Wuchereria
bancrofti(Filarial worm), Ancylostoma duodenale(Hook
worm), Enterobius(pin worm), Loa loa(Eye worm) etc.,

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